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RAPID RECOVERY PROGRAM. See CLEAN-LAND, OHIO.

The 1965 RAT PROTEST was a demonstration held by the Citizens Committee for an Adequate Cleveland Community Action Program (CCACCAP), an interracial anti-poverty group of welfare rights activists. The organization marched downtown on 13 August 1965.

RAUCH & LANG CARRIAGE CO. See BAKER MATERIALS HANDLING CO.

REAL ESTATE. The history of real estate development in Cleveland is the story of property owners who speculated on the economic future of the city and anticipated the effect of growth upon property values in different locations.

The REAL PROPERTY INVENTORY OF METROPOLITAN CLEVELAND (RPI) collected detailed statistics and issued reports about population trends, housing, manufacturing, retail business, and other aspects of life in the Cleveland area.

The RECALL ELECTION of 1978 was held to determine whether or not Mayor Dennis Kucinich would be removed from office. The impetus for recall was sparked by the mayor's public firing of Police Chief Richard Hongisto in March 1978. Using the media, Hongisto charged that Kucinich interfered with the operation of the police department, and the mayor in turn accused Hongisto of insubordination.

RECREATION AND LEISURE. Leisure being a relative luxury in a pioneer community such as early Cleveland, recreation was largely an impromptu, catch-as-catch-can activity. The average national workday of 11 hours no doubt was even higher for many in the frontier milieu of the WESTERN RESERVE.

The RECREATION LEAGUE OF CLEVELAND, a private, invitational organization representing many of Cleveland's "founding families," was formed in 1927 by a group of parents who wanted "to provide supervised recreation and wholesome entertainment" for their sons and daughters. A constitution was adopted, and FRANCES P. BOLTON (Mrs. Chester C.) was elected as first president.

RED JACKET'S SPEECH took place in Buffalo, NY, on 23 June 1796 during a 3-day council with MOSES CLEAVELAND to negotiate a formal settlement of Indian claims to the WESTERN RESERVE. In a treaty signed at Ft. Stanwix in 1784, the Six Nations (Iroquois) had yielded to the U.S.

REED, VIVIAN BROWN (1942 - 20 Aug. 1998) was a track and field star who competed in the 1964 Olympic games and later became a successful high school coach. She was born in Detroit to Lois and Cornelius Brown. Her family moved to Cleveland when she was young.

REEDUS,  MAURICE JR.  "SAX MAN" (19 January 1953 – 16 April  2018), was a successful saxophone player whose popular performances enabled legislation permitting busking on the streets of Cleveland.

REGIONAL GOVERNMENT. The regional government movement was an effort by civic reformers to solve by means of a broader-based government metropolitan problems arising from the dispersion of urban populations from central cities to adjacent suburbs. When suburban growth accelerated after WORLD WAR II, reform coalitions proposed various governing options, with mixed results.

REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY. See GREATER CLEVELAND REGIONAL TRANSIT AUTHORITY.

REILLY, RAYMOND J. (October 22, 1935 - February 20, 2003) was the “guiding force” of Cleveland’s St. Patrick’s Day Parade for decades. The grandson of Irish immigrants, Raymond Reilly was born in Cleveland to John and Mary (Gibbons) Reilly. He was given the nickname “Rip” by his sister due to his unruly behavior as a child; the name stuck for the rest of his life.

The REINBERGER FOUNDATION was established in 1968 by CLARENCE T. REINBERGER (1894-1968). The purposes of the foundation are general and non-restrictive and include education, the arts, social welfare, Protestant church support, hospitals and medical research.

REINERT, FREDERICK "RICK" (14 Sep. 1925 – 5 Nov. 2018) was one of the most talented and imaginative artists/animators of his time. Born Frederick George Reinert, Jr. in Parma, he was one of three sons of Fred and Anita Reinert.

The RELIANCE ELECTRIC CO., a leading manufacturer of electrical products for industry, was founded in 1905 by Cleveland industrialist Peter M. Hitchcock and his cousin, inventor John C. Lincoln. Originally founded as the Lincoln Electric Manufacturing Co., with offices in the CAXTON BUILDING, the company was incorporated in 1907 as the Lincoln Motor Works Co.

RELIGION. Only a few other northern industrial cities match the variety that marks Cleveland's religious life. What began as a religiously homogeneous settlement dominated by white Protestants from New England in the early 19th century fragmented beginning in the 1840s, when Catholics and Jews arrived to create a pluralistic town.

RENAISSANCE CLEVELAND HOTEL (formerly Cleveland Hotel, Hotel Cleveland, Stouffer's Inn on the Square, and Stouffer Renaissance Cleveland Hotel) is the most recent hotel to occupy the historic PUBLIC SQUARE site at the intersection of Superior Ave. at the Square.

The RENNER FOUNDATION, incorporated in 1947 in Ohio as the Renner Clinic Foundation, was founded by R. Richard Renner, M.D. (d. 1979), founder of HILLCREST HOSPITAL.

The REPUBLIC STEEL CORP., headquartered in Cleveland, was the 5th-largest steel producer in the U.S. at the time of its merger into LTV Steel in 1984. Republic was established on 8 Apr. 1930 by CYRUS EATON and WM. G. MATHER through an amalgamation of several steel companies.

The REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION OF 1924 (10-13 June 1924) was called to select the party's nominees for the presidential election—the first national political convention held in Cleveland and the first ever to be broadcast on RADIO. At the behest of Congressman THEODORE BURTON, Cleveland civic leaders offered the Republican Natl.

The REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION OF 1936 was held 9-12 June to nominate Republican party presidential and vice-presidential candidates for the 1936 election. Cleveland was chosen by the Republican Natl. Committee when Congressman CHESTER CASTLE BOLTON persuaded Cleveland civic organizations and businessmen to raise $150,000 to underwrite convention expenses.

REPUBLICAN PARTY. See CUYAHOGA COUNTY REPUBLICAN PARTY.

RESTAURANTS. Since Cleveland's earliest days, restaurants, taverns, and saloons have generally served as social centers for communities or neighborhoods. The isolation Cleveland's first settlers felt would have been lessened at LORENZO CARTER's tavern on Superior St. (ca.

The RETAIL MERCHANTS BOARD, INC., organized to promote sales and influence buying patterns, began in 1898 as a committee of the Chamber of Commerce and was formally organized in 1900. The board, made up of downtown merchants, met weekly to discuss the state of retail trade in Cleveland.

REVCO CLEVELAND MARATHON AND 10K. See RITE AID CLEVELAND MARATHON AND 10K.

REVCO D.S., INC., one of the largest drugstore chains in the area and a pioneer in the discount drug field, was founded in 1956 by Detroit drugstore operator Bernard Shulman. Shulman, who saw an opportunity to apply high-volume, low-margin merchandising to the drug business, had a chain of 4 stores in 1957, which he named Regal D.S., Inc. The company was an instant success, with $300,000 in annual sales.

REVOLUTION BOOKS was founded by the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP) and other local supporters to provide an outlet for communist literature as well as a meeting space for events and groups organizing for revolutionary change. Cleveland's chapter of the RCP was one of the founding chapters when the party was formed in 1975.