%PDF-1.5 % 222 0 obj <> endobj 230 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8C5A59C5ABC94609BF51B0FDC501451B>]/Index[222 16]/Info 221 0 R/Length 60/Prev 519745/Root 223 0 R/Size 238/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream hbbd``b` N@7`>$܁W$Hx~e`bdc`Jg -f endstream endobj startxref 0 %%EOF 237 0 obj <>stream hb```"aff;Ad`Cds S&8jH=ľycS|Ç ^ j+8"Y71v=' lYy ~(Djum$x "? WxpƱ31f?J0T?7YhCmBmP&myu̗0NHNaKf> endobj 224 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 225 0 obj <>stream hޜSmo0+q8/RU Xِ E < Z^PjωS@er|swyrPƄ9}BnNd<d6yhW77?NjE2-\fdY<&@I]=)Ld˸_=ωZq徉Z!nwOzFq2* =˞"+df/ijX沀Y2oLy57SglYDWJwjP)%c-t/FhCBM苵T^ޖmv]XؒEZ:p'+טߍօ F):&F%<S0- #`Qx6Onpdn1grn~}h!kߏZXwXl;754OD-OaቊnXf9(pzch.Yc#Ã7seyS@ ȑREo Utz]:ܤwSog簙lD7zN1.)F{v0w,[;jmw1w]"J&ā endstream endobj 226 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 19.92 0 0 19.92 126.3174 577.2 Tm [(R)-1(esource E)-1(qui)1(t)1(y at)1( C)-1(ase W)-2(est)1(ern R)-1(eserve )]TJ -0.002 Tw 6.622 -1.157 Td [(U)-1(ni)1(versi)1(t)1(y:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.796 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 306 538.56 Tm ( )Tj 18 0 0 18 180.9976 518.88 Tm (Results of Faculty Focus Groups)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 306 504 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 18 0 0 18 187.251 443.04 Tm (ǿմý Equity Study Committee)Tj ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 306 428.16 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.003 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 261.1211 410.4 Tm [(3 M)-4(a)1(r)2(c)1(h 2003)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.667 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 396 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 -1.16 TD (Committee members)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (:)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Diana Bilimoria, Organizational Behavior)Tj 16.828 0 Td ( )Tj -16.828 -1.16 Td (Patricia Higgins, Nursing)Tj ( )Tj T* (Eleanor Stoller)Tj (, Sociology)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Cyrus Taylor, Physics)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 -1.16 TD (Contact person)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (: )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Patricia Higgins, pxg3@ po.cwru.edu)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (\(216\) 368)Tj (-)Tj (8850)Tj ET endstream endobj 227 0 obj <>stream HyTSwoɞc [5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}08׎8GNg9w߽'0 ֠Jb  2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 V)gB0iW8#8wթ8_٥ʨQQj@&A)/g>'Kt;\ ӥ$պFZUn(4T%)뫔0C&Zi8bxEB;Pӓ̹A om?W= x-[0}y)7ta>jT7@tܛ`q2ʀ&6ZLĄ?_yxg)˔zçLU*uSkSeO4?׸c. R ߁-25 S>ӣVd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9=-tl`;~p Gp| [`L`< "A YA+Cb(R,*T2B- ꇆnQt}MA0alSx k&^>0|>_',G!"F$H:R!zFQd?r 9\A&G rQ hE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VĭKĻYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()ӔWT6U@P+!~mD eԴ!hӦh/']B/ҏӿ?a0nhF!X8܌kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#ƒdV(kel }}Cq9 N')].uJr  wG xR^[oƜchg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-ݖ,Y¬*6X[ݱF=3뭷Y~dó ti zf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:˜O:ϸ8uJqnv=MmR 4 n3ܣkGݯz=[==<=GTB(/S,]6*-W:#7*e^YDY}UjAyT`#D="b{ų+ʯ:!kJ4Gmt}uC%K7YVfFY .=b?SƕƩȺy چ k5%4m7lqlioZlG+Zz͹mzy]?uuw|"űNwW&e֥ﺱ*|j5kyݭǯg^ykEklD_p߶7Dmo꿻1ml{Mś nLl<9O[$h՛BdҞ@iءG&vVǥ8nRĩ7u\ЭD-u`ֲK³8%yhYѹJº;.! zpg_XQKFAǿ=ȼ:ɹ8ʷ6˶5̵5͵6ζ7ϸ9к<Ѿ?DINU\dlvۀ܊ݖޢ)߯6DScs 2F[p(@Xr4Pm8Ww)Km endstream endobj 228 0 obj <>stream HVytOg~oR/ KJl}-m!jLhPT`FUQi-G2C9}$LϘ?Ϲ|>1m$4BhM((: o)0k  ^KsȜ 4~ *ʙ1SI4Éտ%0`Ɯ92?wWs^$r DYScÜQ`NA@}5D#4F4E3x9_ZZ5?p#AFBaGGD ]htE7tGó'^x8>GHF?G ` a0 C1 Ñc+w#1 1obxgZ:y7p{5E߽.tq&19[:Y4˱8XKl ܷ/ҷvJ3ya.{c5 5ŦV3fSg]XlV#V5f?Pqz$~K/Ժ@59ۄ/f#u?իd].AjIEPWjʍCɧ@Ӧ,D-T$mX{K\q_3Gn]t1&bۑ\)pgRPVԞfSp@GA̒f"3Y] "UkIj5̤*{69\JUn/m㷩,AdE6Y.b12b8R- ,-N/WΘq! Sb%_88]s`vD2ߓ-$٭1&v΃l"ED{(EY$$RE;52CmǯFZ\K=_D݀ ~Mc؁`0 /EBTCO Ȉj+|m$B<Ք5B 3]Ut-}wTrRkyB !/yf.i:ڗPR7Oqӽ%P$:9)R"࣎,ޞM$GHWԽgO[%<':}\_)QrkU{/˕΁ʨ\y[b@QbҠ$s` 99iRC?#4R)$j6d2h'%N" ֜3[~i;v㖇W\u[t9j?s|&b^Cញ"$wL苿3n>?q2F/}/~7 Jh_sډ`~'2WCwON>_g))}Z5NT"=F Cv$0J%XKNCFTģJ)o E6|KK ̈́/a]Ӂ/?` E1$fʤU![6i#meaemWRP ߠd܅/ I 5$Aah`YȮ9hH+8w[BJP ME@H:gy$ϋ)/%eＪGk~=CհѡCݢ/%e'tP1)"4)M>;bN9lHiR[AĊ;R FoE-f+6 $[V +fd@hيj nan6B1mw qv:p.WK'Wvȿ:巧~>o&5;;!wX٤ǟK?z'^11Qz9řhSCApGJ{Hӹ]hL2 SB-D};<TԵ:VcBu|TTLxnuC:} [m;(*N+ $,%j{oowS8CA?@ `B@GL f IV'chf:8miȤCknb;Dkg[Lg޽۽{~7\%8,VVf x8+#(*^¯8ٌGX4/q8b!~WuPoA^(wWrZj~K0|y67raN_ڠ)JүQ(#SE(U!/%c`ĤWz'w^7g_[~}![##ї#'G ;Q8}X!B$0<̳ &8dBb@ 틱h4aK8h4L:"#:@R25'(/Ђ)%>D%uFŸ.Cazt`W*}6g;x.(ps=.7 Sd.؂_b̘rb2(t0_̟9yF&ysSVVk,[-CClL¦"g:yAbfHY쓻=SAHNS (2UaIGl c,ٴnR#E0CI\qxGOI R)8䱄ɦҀ{b3A2|H,blk@mu+hA Bϱu~U9_U'o^#΃'w=o\Hޛm.̣JH|s&\r 蟌3 4:+J:K7"98 yBg}|dQϬ)9qht3A3 kv@G_āPf~cȜ32l6 a`z4 Ch-XC=yy(\wXCp  ++YTpƿHC'QØy:\ ^OXk/p&WDZq)5A̼"B>lL6UX;4N"d"ŗM"˷} my5yw߷ .(+3yxw/cݱ5pq(B0MI46R ǔw즄`*дEڪ%Tj +)RMB>;39;l-?ʪ/4jͽ5>{mgw=,QLqt]GJ*gV%nMQY|C.*\pBqӡԙԱWQ EU)SdJt/OLpLdMe3]X/*(QEf&ՈdgOc겳{cg.Xʺ\.$Z(z#I\^<9 iwNWW -i _ͨNP*?tMi7K%JJJOѧ"Kśygni_h_m-H\nWXW R+T-EP*FO`L6naHH ;bVtli~mA#-Vk9XY:HH=c9Z |C _ Mb(R,?rE@;^ڑ]K{ٵ62i;ƙFIz#}ЃQ &"&=~%} K#:@tS3t?!*P*1s17o|PCA'Fpf-fSݚ>Fm\߳:hnu֟aNe,'\Gth_ q[ Jk&lGCI$K /Q(YL]iGڙ=t|_tdTBby-^Z|z, k"b7I$RMLj$R+b $&O)X,{~φ{Yn  E>S˜hǕf)H4Z/vr-ԲEIgBV9[тMW#R>.VӺ|l-n {/qGΜW= --Ԥ%'>W:ӛys ݳ7+7>;;Ǵ86<ҵt޴6dГX o&Hn3oLujŹUmW_ij_̀a8-1aXE .!V[CLJsdԁ ~?BHnoKC"ҨJTjTT*fDyR^k~nЌe?3'=L}ZJ+T3ǣ2h&%.klRqq[{IVO{f?5gf$X fFӺUF˶맶ߗކ'}o٬-Irx6RϢlÖk0 gB?=<([Qt(B_) @ dqH ˫arVR|5Y Jڏx3:~'JVi\ra_[sֹ "QV*TZ&iatQf j|Vuى{b d=jN4Uo LBÿڮ)#-4}A}Ckٳkt@4gI.!n8d)U#Bӧ'uuj d*\>k eaq hDB&8EIr2-j|=iθ\簘7q _Ko?Uy$:؎{;q\rNHH  4)L>tbځԆ+Ĩ*cU}AjmEu?ݽ{}w=ǿQa**Lb%$p9&n;^I5S6SCӢyvV4@1e݊ET!%lZ33U=pI0p鋞P%>VzÔ$Grm6b"8 cp 20ЫYIԫξýxޣol#K qj~g!*d̜S3~׭cBFcU *? D \BvBc1/&$+ ҥ>8OӼ`4I, 6j Mۿ1eS((Uvϼ|e;a])S}tUm@.TnרƊ"P]( f"oB|͢ 10*A[éXq2B(LÉ9Mf li-ri.Z7 ƼÍ@( LyeG q> 9پҳ)ߠKͦgxNEƳ.ZZ*jc^GuxtG[EO5-6YR%w vZM"Mq H<ʚlCzEsaD[mHm(Ϗ"1{: C^0h^JR([YٜiSh’TEb}Qv0FNWd Y\,5bB ֫jhg"73#7߃?oz2d݇_e?8hw^^Mg.j]~maNenq;{؛:Y&rFfǯ:̝̑«A L{9]=~``hecȯww%z>]V8AH (VdǦ8˻`dCC6;ޯs aF5Jl>Hy ZjSlۅA>(ݹ l;{QTZ+$Gۜ^($NX&L?:}SPW$xtn[ecv>HK@X"4)V.i H(;)qipN ';I='TdMP&. <5Vk4|.kzʺ4M&%u6ߵ' ;Zc$L+ƙtܯRt&B3voBdȶq>NŷST78um;ha@ s'uծtt b r |o܆w/%KALޙXxrg{JBjE(&zP4vH}%G#% E%[+'? _/\就49))UauE(MoegNf)R)dEy+pAgɯ$EmC啍%Ue)ًuXcءZ mj| aF2J~0ɱS)_ܰ8lF%ŽhyQ~ܭE8^&v7*LWU1F.) ^cUPɺDD9lhFY!G Yۣ XU/>ܝszw糝\l‹h.Jct[:0uMZAfh%6*+ 2i؆`i#(lle0 < }.V<3qgboڝ"8*`MK5չxu:aU,=3tR(3 a3)p'f&s]"UЎ[ &lpn܃DK A3WRH9.1L H% L5P@yK@Q@0B@FA488H Vy0( NSJ=xfJ I'yg}y @4@/s;;>(sh'oefuf_x9KG2K*x1e: icűktAU8, tN:䤝U&gmZ LAC{&@[k:}P=g(TZtd['S%k̕!mG6[B˒hVĪ\M 942BT`MҵH$jMXD?/<u!5;dș|uCx"2/ʥSJ TJPA *1V:F(la5pep L' 8:jڡUδ"oP¿ 48`?uZ=ޔo9MvO^[kzi%$u9fsçV16?).ҡT8M A!D[̖l==!G&1`-pOK%mvcwiaZKUԴ"#H+G_k *nb\iՆ 9V+#Eq1[i;YYLCz(iU?ړD!43I\VZ{4DY 5`51) jK/Xt!՘b:"n˂7ʩ"]QAݕ06YA462{<8NQBl KL {8]dxKr3X~ԋm>пݽ,߱Wbzǿ8[;7w(dQvmu޻s_|+V^.F&]&.WgoOb"z:{c"AT o{JةD/juIpd&rpe:Xmpu 3J$mt6b,@yYP[ҙ8Ӝ7$R]T-=HÉs(*KE-RVQRҲdW4,IƑQ,)T@K$6Ng3HD^6UtYEq5qW lsvb|q|B|w܇.1ͅҍvDB j G"mjJX R~2C+HjeFD&A`h]8}NHV-ޯ}}qsy;R殱.A]q;92+{/⺇JYA!;HZ\dky:b_N3.u)RxQ C[3AN "ro)"}i%ϦOλqF#Ki;6Oa$T7,4d8Ɇ4hTbZبÔE"V5ȪDuGUӷ]'DaZD7&qLnyOgi0,Wn @nc!bIi3\  @COY|Es]37!LpZ;elS)ەgKe I܉ QWJQAD"NuG`$/OɀoAe~64<`c0L*Mx@[}V$NS Lל)_ba<7&3'w9EIne= _ZQZ KZ rvl9Jf&Y&EC 厯oUz1,,;A,|沋Xk{.PL;Ј<D[.؉w=M{Oħ] #h=缀:'Ow9Q: @!<ȝ~OPi:ܥ1_Uġkʄ|%j MYtw^wFѨdE0 ux~Yz+L&M2kAbKߛƴa̪lUrPNP!=XLhbQx²bDX؞W)kVLKf}u\;ħn,%L 05#9g-Dȴ; hϸZ}^op{lk.7Ulkk2XҒJM`Ex ?v \n y)u4#ȣ8V+!>!B&g=o,P I+* 2JtbIŰ>P΢XHgwيDgl2;Qg5.j/pzru=q4#v:?=1*َ!uǂ6gc;{.EjX`4PIK%` "Nj߬/ki,k-P837X1 ShU'ͩо*dVݧM\dvol+6&j.m+#hץ:8$:z-4GSz)4GNcX\/ft^fcdT12,j$5|MHn+&WأPvy|\WH20Va ENj{+3FVT1f"+wW*TUA>QDR$6PS׍Cƈf14LC^Bz(L`x14L9=,>˱Nk&tt/6ԹYKYsa5KN1Xm b[OTlDlڞu@: ޗw%S.CaeaRw$Y0 Z?e8h_w[1:ZԵgbxFvmH.Hݻ0ty:禯L_!8d(9 (/@0--]t M#oiS)VGX^e9 2e3"&N(q}> Q <pXHDD&G,e' (9R[z JMP,^QnĄc&u\s f23@Mڢ`㲃Ɵ0Vi mb]L@s'r [^ *om y*<߂'m( Az@%q _ )S yuSi̢eTFe'$rTTN7զ±f|~2b#'<*/}ٹs:qbl;Ϲ1#F[ExX3* !PC$@ a-GVʂAmUC-XM[yP mfj~wrIQ&A5MG ֱ$>I t Lk ?)go~ 3<7W!Z(}kz6ð6d2rSi #"T(37ЖZYKĂނ-0Կ]K_V6apθU HasdUk&+ڞ?&xSDn2DLŢ>fX=;]lBe``geK_+;p׎_s'#kIJ0WoVV~x~ >H&, 2RɫX̧ n MO=7.W;ܝb?oN+\OT7w8 ߫{_|/q[H jBHfƀ@P(Pۄ[/z1C3n` ~HM=uJ `$VAB00: tR+>&VZ0ARrƥCltL2{Aɡd]d1HF_8'd R D~S,i!G#E`@ЯQթDF Z,h8s G>w~?#Lh呹:O᭕ <Z_;-ǜvYQ5o&" =Ғ> TUlpgd195%18ZPxa҇ =0vJ#x2cO$k2=bN;o1Od%£ֶ2`KEăVmU(\{c)Yr[a//mػo WMٓg,-ʚ;Tʥs##߃ܬ3P m%arkD۸_n7RTujHYsP'^q+lM09: 㗤Ǣ* >)հK=ݨ-5ЦG.ձ฿:ԝɾ~ܹW#,ɸz'<$Zp@rl`6_6ѓkК-?(S V'Y=eкԟV'dRY6f|:Satd,L) ߈\Q ރiTc&Y޿6gX'HpF%Oh7AӤ(M0\g#0 q0;;~4}8x lDڰm\li/=$wD'Ś}V 9M2J[\q*L-(δԷԿ42Th}>/ڇÎa4e=χ("4"La:3϶٧ַɳ<|+t:%M\w5AYIK H%)=#Qh;ubWx0l+h\+!IGQc9[$YKH)A1±/4Ʀ]\ "3.5/ca%WzO}LMw Ԉ!gRl 7RIYGIJA1Gie"{W2 e U uIi-#KK%yȠ3:e"AI✎d}MlIWW ;3Df!'/@jYa]JKJ@<CF Y}fSٜ8x\X@. ;F\0yB%)+dtM.LNݥ{[]mo!:t^XbrSjWyzּs[8 >tpٮ:6:ltFk.]*XWVttWl;ߏw>>DZLlȅGY)%la)H#[h!Ơ4QJ5l´ďDSKT6՘&UBcQӲj KM޽{~~ik7˧2CYHc{dS>)'xa@",/ XXX\BRYďaofy¤ybA? >nLye!r54\ xiqj{M@R#t%b@{/BnnH18QzБ3B*ճo^rw'CaqWehUk8\29́ݮ:(~m~KEwӫR"sE~yd k}.n_/ C")-׮ȸ9S$)BZv~A+X@IgY\A@h,!F'}AJzwΛC:ooo"ME_0'f=1eO?(4~,D޵{Ǘ]Cќ:z[X-a|J8xYR>o~AXv XuǀZh0[Pk}.xXUoK~uC\1:? ai]_sy]]%jl0B+8A,8+Ye* !1ah$+W.vők8wT}7Dgz/?m-p>q.y!}FP_IMj:E2cShp\:Q[Ƚ^Zӆ- i g8i}X`eR*"dc+nItmҮh8šR0q(aotL]WbX$ˑ0+LCaA7@4*W %mF04{7'>q$O:*ݖH}3qJoo)IU+IDXҏ>8Lkl~U٢=7!m| L6;F<%nM. mI Z":q&AxfqDB&,F Y^ >K|eD3]e{v *D[ǔ/"IdXG&9f2Lub[L0.#_"`= l[٫&9bi. Y.YYL8˭f4_Bofranz7;ڗ#d߲d^_vT~^_KK!n~9 1n,}Z͌' ~p*}sQW CpKv[۔o!f ^vɦ^> 6+#홂Ra\]VLX-;l++ p}_}ÂJd3we!tL- [Bbf t+];5}B6/F q\NOL&q92v+9ǎ9]8xYӲ\W.a>Q{W (9UrrXSXT_\ܮ- %N~/͝'T,P_J(:սtxvbh~v#H3~H)|Kfy#{#`3Ç{<a>>!CG 4fYRK=NOJR(4xn i# 8טKf6R(b)yՁs-81 U-$NtJcF5ݻ_SkN.!ܰ[@áB'aQ@T % 1}^bܼհ2iH`uA% Q%%@ #\F U%_ݍ>۰t8J?sFvܞ0,E?-BAvx@¯uq.(-˄SH 8 euúb/q0tyໃ/OO'b,Rb%R3& ApI?#DN)Lu/hߟ0NSS]3F*4tU]o~ۇmw 8/'9h+aG\k L+KP[k{g< mVDx0 GRJCBtt3) T~$ެ2X[ F-LmsJM-NAmk #a%&3JBBJTkdY4+кxnX#`CM R[XZGrto̩ݝk;3fe-,]T-Tu|=EeHxs_hxW:0柕|OJ3s+Rw\q=RՆ&'pDlB#+'Ars8]1aM4DK(bKW8WS@YĦ8Y={ 5ߵrOe gRRqgM4WE`(\k2ՇdփB!BqvWUpm0@X% OrB D9^sT8֯ pzYy8ơcyӸG/q U :E)¹\w">Ǵʶ7<$zt3s#6.NxIm^'Ѯ%HAp>J)UL|W|jf Ez&nΛ,l.RXJrѽĝcJl >YTfVLɶR:NE'i7t}nKƗ66z+wm-rCgCKndW+ȁ'U3`VvvdR۷zT: 8GPR,/995D^ʝ#]bPʕ2/GQq5::`FI#qwlzuuVsι<{hGPN9rِMNL7{@^AM@0rsm%6СЉ bg;6JVgҕ4Mܪ6˻2iHO$vnItMw[}VtHA1 G֬#Y&MHS$/Rc Г++)e-ҵZ-ʿ&1V>TVf+'fuLƹacUpL E*bej hC4Q0ä RJ8 0 tKuuu9sfOʪwRnk= Xm~'@c.d] f2$NN2Z$_WO>$h<R,*`S} )`Pg /SHrtO; ؾOxrwYl\^ư z4sg~=>8:G{~sp4=Kmݝ}u_w;?ġ$G%[MJ],@8thT0b "H6]UF:Z M(S}Njw{[?Rx$v-0׊pC!f#0Mq Bam` l $@CE%^Ax WPYހeAIٝ@}{=3LY/q-"!/$ zq8Nc*>T5rA◱61 |kizT>#[ pvW~MGz[.p` N燊"U&rzȥob֘j 8hkkm06$BΦi9FCe,UfbE*&-c 5<*&vz㟔E ^g2-/mOOר{t6ܖwm:r~{v}M cJg-DVR*`#FL炥; %/Ph޳8$0%14jh>.oB?@RD8PpqE2M"Skt0FX!&N5LP`, びF''rD"nD&rq=X9 'ٹΖ,RLSK!mTʞȖʖLOY9FRGc5gA ]@\FY9dcb3kU#WE㱎tsJ AjА 4U/XK ]L#߮ajZ<*7#١LV3RJ+uHpe)0Ҋ$"*+F#n};%[M.L{{7(duES4:?iWl?a Ϭ~ s/rHgԛ,~@u 溿uʟ_GIė]w Hܼpst-B  NP\+by^g$eiL`3f\]>&ʕiɅ4 Q9f a#$VQy"5fQ&VxIGқIIG121pq'Va{-n/݉-<31.?gc"ܭoc(.B#6Ӣ9݊8*G{W@Hpն˽M-9l?oz"Q.3ڂ_=^mwИǞO;D nat=A#OdIjޝX'oap'sʘ}qI0qII&ĵEe2{I f=CrCA)A'@$~,Yk|9\'#赑G; J mVFYٯPDM2L)r0Jl|n[snqM8;=>\` vbrF3 yA~.Y7<`=}͓6R2PD>N<͙̩VcSc5dҊT~o9*-Ge-mp.lxs.8|) *AK̇2@O-{ݘ^y۟ys޼won`/~|[ֿ y$#(N5rjv-$v$C5LwUM}ַ,&ўIea*^EsFN3]1mg^}?0g8ls`g !KM$!!GJS;MdS km]bej+)DIM8Ұ U$hDӦ0E]=kSy}}1ua=%lUIi nݣیa`ќXɖ CWQGHp7_\Z=&7"++Qvu ƾ氼k&%ĕUUf8Sg&MUٮrZamF52<@SRm YyB~ b^#m  gc=>70Nt%2P0]hpĴq7"\da|XX6/[.7D\1xO'jxK\o[ eGH}3巶|&،ob#^v9u%xʳ^!~GQ˭wUV7O&@lPÉc{]ks)25R :)?W%8XƦs+#dv` Rc &sr=1 `SFXHrj5ŦDה!:إi2{sZsYS2;Hj8N4q2/ G­ypex`G QRR#]p-=F4 wž+Ãl ÷#;ŚX°kbUª,<=/.|D~u1FX@-ZܡVr\ئE1n h)|Q΂0X|OB6O,~MY#*DxhnAE.57Uz],7vmD}!'"0ELis49!Df$rb 7cu#d~,6 Gu S$ (VV֚l_ze1饳H cQ=ktu'wrJ*~v_ytt_MO:wg?ߓ~p◧~aX8{C#o>GZхtgDQ 1ū3ËWO㞓jJt0'˘k؜5)b#^ (&ydP'0I(eQ94"q!k"UQpxC8O 7%eF@ @^8T8pĘ4[70W01Os iىZXHʚMIF6A n< OIciXxJ<\2/ҐHC" b4,ӰL2)6|U|s iZڔk&6] +H&3k|vf.eKYz~Mrd*;-bȒML<mxZD(o!!*'B 2:ZXP:H,]B[|PT%/=cR5FV:ڔ65VL74k56{ԡ %v;U H x0ėOKQ8)*YHZJ ,DF>F"Wj\ dM!gݽ (F21bŧzgãW}c[;X"^˛;.8]wĢa2t#(>>{_U p^ Uf fLgS1e3[rpķ |!;Ž?5=ڃۃm aR/ 8N;[|E}sVxXd3@jfrsl ŀLϸNy| U#78p8(DmH8nWZNwVŃȭ*0P՘7sTԠ,)dN)*%TD)dIANSZ-U*FG1 [` EB#`+} |N}k#:Ý;ΠSdL$)̉E$^qu[ޭj [j`[,Y\﮵#oul/mvƶmqGIMDҒEIEʒK)9,+V+*q4/lkw˖{m`Cda0  H> 4MSP#}X {؊,oF!.QK1A"NLʼnFʭ{;n1Ozu(#cBw!9_mUYYPm ]k;cEO25haG|>mmK٣7[lƆtH7sB*A F2[3ԭx-KB:$P\Y !D.sr "3d}s X#ZnG+0ʉHr2DPӡ>#@y-qXo[ŴTaM ڪu2v1u}@ }a*F`\JF隓k EAe&olA~*}vQwmkATR=1m0T#^y`_QG)uHP|N0툖/]M _ZԗA3D=g4)_ўXlGOI)q*91^A[?$ L%#bGh #-XĆ68Q L &uR:-KaM Ru簤(0@{=cpAW$Vl6D<"u [z{rA/=ZҺ{P/-IP!|T9տPO-_wӱ)o[=]%,FPW]>Cp0Wʬ)h^|^TWJ\Zw@t}GܪGyPfY"ٶXi))gt #|$W3~8f||4 Oa 됀h i"#^L@ĠwG$J*X"SE& ߉@fGGg>L(A)qZݳAk[@PPrgcteyѴA T g*EsüafLf4^hߎ;lk.<xcN*C/Ӣfx\;8lge )4wM|VWWVU^ { >/)x7=>u' ]X;m ,D.+c5 8cXA4h6WC0:sw2^hK2k-u^#ܛV:p=x͉t2J8i֍x[~TN< NӋ^xʏ$"yb0lja E C`/#r>0 vBu*Bke!c\8ND t,%ly3_=bsλچv_sh^JQzv&FvsllFC6-iںv:8 TDH OOOCqnO&F1h /u|.|)^*>E1NyM:8jJfثI3-ύ0qXlzfYD:~;~"ZU UltAKk%W:*^Ŋ^T+3PU?jg\_ ѾUNS%l8aIrӆB-7K]<9*Ceśl#es=s_-7jA0evOʘ[OO_;sHph[,p924-.X=ڠNB{L\τmNyU 0=]l}N LLdiT愵|]U a,sm ^4jgA)[6G}|T5ePE\e>doᶷἱIͣ2ս%›,d$<'y JdVFIkkKX ޚPMbNJ1+PWÜ\[;i3b&x/p BD?x?|P$wac?`\mGrK ^շ]vlnO&ʹw}zZtBBm>@raqƂh]82Qӈvyt c$vtߖrgF2|WS': o S=2up2o<ǣ,.E+];.3t|~ġ2vtr=:*6OGρy(?O "/<6LڞsP vܶz̎чw]Ķ^_5&㹻pw0Ѹ"3AxS#dD}$OIi6՞v4( 8:h  &MYAoudpa]ǥo(G#8BPvW/;E3(3]kPЏLB`1wOiGsJhmF_!.$hhsp*qnfv[Nn3:pyWYMfmɶdФA̠eC z1d"e { WgZ16Tw?ԟIdz][恁?>ܿcTJvWoa'/ __եηzʐ 2Y395U(Y|՛TG5!bzөiKS:Iv҈9eΙqj+*Է_p;כN]r9Y'l pR*>ZG:E(v^9]Z$'V=dĞ[d^;Ke*G 46c&LxuIC<8"'[ B%YƗu Ƃ2 ⒱b+_pxRluW*LS΂BsxiT] ?,|5[z!'кZ5馋wǶq{w>~ؾ_s?l9;I48*˕5"m^e( ƆւZ *!!.)[:E0ԥD[eEU1?}NCݽrχ9uƒa,oSS?U 7ƋS&x){XHtHL NJZO?&/8GJâ'YfKtM%Q2khҜ6iSj4P "*(辕+G@Jr8_O,Y?Pwk,f{䷒t2ChɅqTgT'Th(Xbb'a"rI+A9m\\*$ n ZյXjk,I)TB$xL0r >g )T'JI#[DE2VU 3`%}*=~[hwNS_x2R_=6ѻvî"Aݷ~uGr֩撂U=)C7wZ;e 9,%u^X45Bd&Bxf>bw4sX@dkVJ6]_d~2:b~ qe"sܚ(Y(?G(ܢXbXKXO+%BK+]Vy CVjJ` 4Aӣ9ex3fa0:lݡD?:ף3n U:h_{LM#p/:v1XODw(nz Y,%N'f"{4TimI]k^ko@;4!OlFV1uMZE@Qg} )`0ih2Q\CJzh0qj9z@qҵ}=?foGwn|Tl'03V5ڨ9Fז墝×}=d'sӈ4ɃϩpS׽(4nuֳ~3zrUVXmI-HXVInc8AE=v!Ŷ&0vM22|T9&ȳĘݰ Tqn쩪ƞk (1Ѓ+Q]`~8{[659m7vɬ)6b65И T6 S4ȇU 3{YAuZc06to}: 0F[@lWj@d)YDl<@1B,eZ!PNr))tw]6i|ckW[J[όPCs,]0*&`Ԧϵ0z)SG<)Pl(4(Ha͛%`l@+[w=1 86ixG?ҵV^O@{wA,ht(bD4%[a#|EQ+1b1}n~4_]NrO'̓pVx|Z꺢nw:,$ߊ|+nڊӊt+* g ك(GnP+Kw3niM$5ʲ*(I8y.on}y2 A YI (iz=MH2B]8+\Xoa˞t{oaK$NI5:a׹@NEmoX6^}}rW[BSo*DӫY2P)KLd d$"&KWHA5 +:8 TCkD&6FV;S^1匲 j@(1ZL|LU#Bi߃] %p=zRAV- P}0/j1?@y8n±fQd IkI&%PsuTNH6 ^7UA\Iþ2w.lI{SP}>žh~fWqrtǿzܮڶ\(B N+juՎ⢴11uW?L='}!9OY1o?ǯ|Mfk_W72وȪfG| ?&LDJOc x^:/ͫڬ-α/sZ8Cg!TUр , %\UKʬ(K\*TKC2`4Ǔ<>FFC`` p'z]b)΍5ʺbA%YbRA 'Qd/b=ZKZcD@4 |Žxv l$N[zˬb/?eϑ 9v|7_ڗEN|6--ICS%7I)J4S?2ee[lcePLmG0ou(e Bp/rt=̞`4ۤWn^1q]Gx=``}xym]WԴVKzCIoE9WU5/ȭrIgXϑ؝O5yݕV~43%#zo9r\ l;NqvLo;WTu@av&w<SꞳ?? \d}E8b0icsrˀusfJfMPˏvs&|ԗr8FE2\]Xn'1..O]JUe\{`LoV]^IHo\7V[6eUH:V[ R  V[ ?5Y9S P??RpZg4=u{< vu), 5/AF~#+BK@`؟dE`3^ɏ:w!EMH y FCjEzi Kiخ; q[ib #nQJZnE8V)@wWq+Jmyao@2i;ri^DBc|F䷑GX;:$me"Gg#}FlDjyV>vq3U#~ -$ߨ;qkCbf`^,nY f֔hk/eN0bd~"Z[_}+h yk.ducđ(%X(9*=^? ,W+/V}=156PҾqhKm/u n\owwOʶ)?B-4xb%<[E8PJ {2F!z8'q%,`",ך{;[{< >9r``GWOt@7BxІ #qD(³4}2|NB7 u;b uWa %!I$.p9!Sl׶-jm˸gcy=K.K겺:jjjگTI5g\w)~Iyji8NFNnq~`p`@W#xv&%NԼ" V/,<@'П<ۈ6kv"J@jjjO1BLږC_u ҿ"cLVڴXNr:YN˩iEj 'Cɲ䔣O M9ZPKY˔N ՕM9PUYՔ-Nrפo~ޤ}IۄRF"p0=JDkh =MY-YL*9a0}[X@R@[)=9M7kV˵F/Rd'7H.L?zIM1'j<)mD ]Eȿl E?Fۥwyd5;mt~D tz:M k/y!AvQʶF v[ze]XӐ#1;$x6|z*"1l/#]1;,ZEE4m͐MbNZe:n$K.XOt9bGr^녺me^ 4n'^"o u1]6N5;&eib8c!VU>Ik|.|;ËK=aT z3_ GqNwfc )ܦd*M iژKb(c7r(_|v ]\]][\.ĵU.py\*ۭnM܅fxM.Twe"XɼE+ԭ`XOoVA[يnj3a)a$HS2Yac`0>mAX>ˠCJ} AʾJ " !әꕝyslC=ح2I 1elFLiXc@~;vZwިuPz.=:Ozb{{ިevh"5=\ӏr5>QY5;."W\䊋\SOnRh8єYYHԯc{D cSrzK2R.Nʃٛu(A/e]>z|ž}I 6m-nnh1=M߂qPQc̘0 P悅 Gc\PLc" j8bQs IW1T RWN {>_b aeut *t$6Y҉i:8 BAhG# ޘˑfd$O- ~Ŀوlx)$F3k3䔀bFm % J*fDM ť F*hI7@* endstream endobj 229 0 obj <>stream HV{tMg;߽D4Br&xjnH"ED晴"*Si:T:CT$3ތG1excafU /7V<׹o{o}rx̜DNPH~\|E:..`76ٓRS`܃Y fޡR\ҟʟ9^о5̌yI\\1kjqMɮi!ݥoMϵ#p i/ ʫ2R_C5:Dj!x A`E=>p!B;'M஌(4E49Z - h6hvC{t@Gģ: ^>?^ ?>y/fP}ws3 nDTE]aJ#YZa(,̷N#̾fҍ>H#D3`Db6D*`a.lOC$J}f`?z }_uZc?.p5h% o`#qN;0qeN4`8%Hu)jYj uja ~B^i{q<#դlrz.2+<{%-ΉX؃3(˝ &+}9!z^cy5v6G缥zG\PR7MKe̕P6-'ܓOV:FNҿ%Vuz̨h=}hW[{}.J'5w !>fw.w7|RG8Ȧ0!2Tf2Y%ܔ2yj&檃F|@=ڭ,>Zy-ee9ʜ~%7T\;ƻnO.:ȼ \srަL df3ɜ"p *{D{T+xTޚ [%VɗA~%sr^. -TKz245BVjZvRNKꪺ@][:YeX(+J&Y's<2MYn6-ʔ۱c\kJ>^xd V{!VeM,Y\Vu7v%ljW uHS!Aw[%:ysh &2g24E]K՛LBu ґea٧]xҟb+GL@jfgߔŸoJ6&%N,cY7` ~eEcpVٛdrBA%z=e("E|} xq>`D]e듖 DS*q eDNx#Ñ7hlmE{ 3-pZJ0{0kL5o95w"Uc7 G8WB$RڒMf)09hY DpI&s-Y=1Dz6Y C`*{`4vw`8N+Xzr$PF.r3y`>dˣ9T$^>}};ϯ"ID/O*k't@3y78#IDpvgr_:oN(xj>(u9 ȪAmzQqT X'mg/K3[9}[p2`kLp4{w&yIx[.;wl׮mֱZƴh,iTdI+qІ ԫ\'ځj֨_0VdwJ8*؊rBK ..SJ^Psiz4=?jJ+q%]ŧܮ2|P>Lrs |5 IbIw%񪏍fsl7xgc;)߹\z>֐HI rTI[CΔTR*6iV5Ti7kơ7o޼RӅnnKIA[S#ّ## J,N4J I=i-(0 4.v̦{¢kj uP*jDܲޅi4SJ37d\hVOxR,Ȏi@VslhfWqpo*{qiSӁC A3Td41P25SF{w 8e5) jѿA)Z *uKC.MHȮQj(L-|DBiAݓD-r=JTJISYv^bǙe׻kY`I[1 4᠀d%vln\C5UPMk/ } Ʋ8Y5?5YXShc^75+^#;ܦf_RĊv|gv.b*QF L2HRI?,$I=UYjnWڤ彻ޝBZ-,aۻgEmQ޾,[ⴊT %9]Ay`3d!?%Ro!'i&RiLK/>W[2S$o^Q_aC`C-ݳ_Um+d@ZPK NjKf#£--k9tb6aR=!ɝ ܽ?;[U 4U1ijOqXX5*'lHg&ݓ%΢TGlf AxrX G2cc;?7A_'zDO D M?T3"BOZϧVnu U%(vhv+pc6?;W&lf*j-$_LU/".|LgЊ6eHRkv 3 m4J3 ld Ze8^hr>un1JNmanb.lŚְpP [xѲ^cLNٔQjj["E҆d RM^wU'8Vg?TVG($A0"Î:WNeavz*Z"0M*Ehj.EM5RL&:,W飦` 8ŧ8S\/SjOHjH""1"] 9$CN،Hu2#PivQ\:nlcyVgah~eƶDD(wcK5jr0tl0ѷ={S߃녀41[ GYyWOy2ĉ޺yL˩S"EoʼnRjK8»\;+nm ~J _}=:lg'p_D_[x܉ZA]Uϵ<-]/l¿Ctc,&s~Yjf=}=*5'%sn1|>PfDJPmk~/A*x-,\VKtrV #o{Hh6W݄,!.Ϗ#}sLeJE9Bt#q&CPCS줗a^/F  zP\ƐThŤ`݄adCRz 1=CF\?&o4 9 ɢ2!TGQ|ZJ.8Sz {<=-gu;D*A~kne7(#1q"DYtOX –-ZR!/q=:Aoꗀ~ ;CA2Wf'Ֆ}5.q9flzs].Wsl6[1qr@mwcJuB1bx\TO#0?g|d ny|y֌JJD\B1F(:mx3 q@xȺqxc14[IۅEQ ORu,\hh{fF`>!'Gbs!E?nX;i@x(rOn``n#1cL70҃tGd!q8,pܫsZy:,Pe[Hjܑl4 þP* 5EJx*e,ɪ$꓃>5KRZ/p'KlXP*)Z34˦,1`n8|oE*.j+W3éF0puhHL jple^=8MSR7 ^lt4r@Mqww5,?rU.7XY@Dt"c`l5xM7qLL3f 6M&inˏ6M ;;픒w%J9w;$Gch -LW@4WL@L*rƊ]sk["=p_n9w}K9j;-]} )~G5Om!+=8nz1Ru[;=jՇx)]#ć×TJntͮA+£X!>>yp:"OGWbRA#y:KD2b,JK>I"=ׁӶ\)4:ll[Q} |6fX?4{vsʡ޸.8 "tgȣ0< % \qcTaTք^V&vdooxp?]kn.+/uppGǾmd&~1^ƽ27`lwxzz1UF7b?"0D(]<zRv_y+$(5ګЁ=EW~S(ӆ#tNzU2PU*jvMRȤv->eɅ}~R4QJҏ*HBP Ek&k FDk&(ctJOML#.%M̴JeH&Cl/8|/zGgWj,l$woXP5wa|Vgێŀ:R2b_j";+ڊPNW炟> :1`cGC9KˁV!HK,Lc;uvqLrt#RHQ{Iɤ;$D E4b܄ P̀ A&(^U Pr ӌig` EC{ dRuVMfkn5 n‰4H^w ݍ%rQzX/G\=g lDAq)'?Ix\2_U4s}c@ӼZUOVIuښԘ{(ntնy}|aFϖ`XY%Dd MNYCao$F'Q -QͲ%f$=6 }{3y;o#7 4K$MB-KB8VZP*At]E"QQrAUIJAaY)9wlｳ3Z==K2i y<, wn^_w'ꋀ-@.{¦#a,,h-n2 ۫kFT \`\i:^tcw8(yǻzg'L{afJy||o@70|MʲBkeٗf' V_S1ƽ3/;+z-|u_6+ẇ|Pl,_#-@^ؓ5;>hLʢ<AM!~mX;ٴ 0ؤ\O@_$N*z#ԱtsȜXh0U!r;x+RĖ'!g XvJ}dTm?hWKC{J>Kϯ٠8ٺ?'m޶_+ȦEGʑ\le[ TOЂW6 D)@1 Q,#eJ@KHNa'a =KW. Ga']xʖ)OEuVzX5ջ I=PU~};ln}sk'Sp5~IJywKF^Z6x\ ^s뜷D'cSbEaEIbh hQ*ɡrDYÌ$u 'CUq E z[{׋HF7!=(KedL+"s+ yG|9}zdQYHF##$*4YC2+`_N(3/ ךYkƭ,-eϊND(oMe!nN;Qed* 7304Gzƴp@6HOɠƖr)yAm6'+u%kM[d!}4ڳ_|K ߧ р{Aݛ}ȋUe'xn:0{Wn\#Α91fP=_$^Ufi.NV;)ҧ0c;OxƼgeeןi<iw8y#kWlms0vPc.F/JM{W@H cjĐyȰ` Ov&I $$LJ;ʦsfofSmqVҡKc|'v NNXqvX=> {E#E4[av3̚jC8\p%[eapJ$(yTy_7L6z-5o K>S"'3i?l~@kOǮԞ)CwwmڱmvvVߚ^u{|kcw+˗!y&PSJ.XtK~XNaqK\rE{0@v'+cmȋK|ETl"!m9.3\)M p!cjr1Ր %$#D;=keza:-'P`?ŇB+t BזjWW š2tKoCG;PR4Mm;`駫NՋɱgh)5 "&ѹO-N5>ȯ*ů)!;kcnaHRo V5mޖwz* f 3, 5C3T%էU( Gʬba^eJL)XᲢP -I)WeYQ=rVb|(fI}b!FēҠ(,iR?c&Nʦՙ2[]zvT? K~ejeTƨYAd1ćX^k e8àG!#^b:,I3kñt{JSp^42d!`w{Ɔ&Rd{ؖ9~ PR-j*V5/E Ur"`$6*7 M&pWK]ex={ /FQ%L-_[|}{^`UUXzCʹ]8Cͽ5 y\UO@rm.`Z\ _#SC #Xï6 /%==+Klێ!]*'~>sV+sA+uF|{"*]H]檝_Y|F޵vpg'T[Vp2!ft &=^E=vVgAw{5t" ^9/)a!߮-h+ago0ȡi8iATAYPDt%j/QלC}α] G?v v ;%A[{3QrPL u/zŮ􀗆PTτ:9%&ˀ U-(q-|6s(bNϚq0֯eJԭ鴕.{GӮ4+0*Ca85%hTj,9X#A bF#aS%VS-!œBBآTcc}C(>-њ?ʺUUIrύᏚrs|C9| לHk =ub<5O#6m= ?ݘ c;1w Rg 3 i@&*j09 3"8h~vYd"R2Kfg5ϚUA&f]rbQj,zqlM>!껷#2qԳۖ#߱/>AɶĠ["VaEM]Il ?@!=-a9GWdNPհ|XnXp9QطW߮0%UYTP`cF;<6!Xec@C(useΩ ,jU\^$_pwR{7&P'$YG׃ $i*.yEP]U$V*ߗa A0S۟K}P!q:YKƇIQ2zY^/dU&r(NS! 96RJAˡn:`cV=y{9v|_99HE Յ11Z1nM': *PLĄ4Ihژ2@45yLy%~$( Iqu`5Ƣ`uM5I3p,f >B 9pתGDm)Iyy?CN&,Dmd?ZDbp-kz0*X:MWM -}MKh{oE/qX6LD:ǁvoW > EPq rn!Ҁ0s .?@U&Pe!p yl PMDt{ _C4*=_')%[l)m= " b?Xv~L \'۰ո(s1O^ T3_ڼƛv3gE٥-w?\ԊM@{R=fe% کFޱoh58-f"ąHa|h.+=:AeU0(WBmW%IJs Hux|cNO V$"$-ԧ9hKfh{aזmcխ]aV6?Z57wv*QomM|_Y@1F9u-\.C;ܦ yqFݰ2z(԰Rl0)c/23 lEcK%YTw.w(4V1^*W % c?UlU#GTb^\/ b8iG<`UlȩxVѲt*AI"I\pGy]2dm Hɇj7B`B8=޾D?ܵ$E>5`ĠwݚFɄẀI򭴥/*ջ)ܱճՐժK'.5+.qʠneRj2a6İ<p/>.ڎc&&$j2ձ!y@䴛s W㦖F .-צF~Q4Joٕ8S1_^FetӕC~u=/wrlqY΁LxfmgRPܱUƎdW?а&[46LtJ׶||fq{>״jYwbE E~|êz9Ÿ$Kht6حHy+'ri9ml#pEy,Q^LF"5Q^%?SHQ¿`fZ<ۥ .iť.ʹnE/ض+AI(2%RiM}$JDʼnmi;P.WWAФݖ`Ųyöhq?ܭ[T6@,j`ZݹWfF\^W9;0 i!$P2t# VLVhb$ĮQG`+ja7jaCja'jG Høp.El'{3ˑ ;zJ6fMPDD(hSH4vD6bPm@2G ()H WB?)~"ubք `ڱ(H^vmk>pa̖$14͌ǂ]ܥG]J >~汹jQ6گ@U$&ڬ)c|iw ].U.v };: MGi>MwC2g@޳@يK峥KϗۥvueN Xaʸ̎Z}%sęeeFJR))2UN*̹2I_~p$ׂ\f,cb5do1[ؿb6#A"Nfn%Ŋ7Ǥ)t@0%q`ZwשּׂצA%;CMK3pT0[db ak%:B+@cYR0ϻ\HO iqi{6J7Lߨ &mP=4m0i@tB53A! =̀IDJ-! ֜ǘJ;Jc^> DdU*B_ uöX`s(%(ե#HN_T}*TT I)R/K6o!soLd~Rdlm$Ij-3DNh34y+iІab醡hh!](mhe=6s;6I]w 9ږy::\$_!o0fi:QDVPbF~BM .Yuͺaq`]FjUݠHW6Vb4" 7\#~q)Eu?(V ok ?Wf@>ݣXɗ2LʱJ*)>⚉ɫؒٵn5<,L] ŋmhs>W[{sP4؃AǼt`NPiBHEK8\Z%@jtsa:Xz. sK&lg6 )D?ΐ.C/L>ʲ3|"f2EڥfT1ځe\VLbLk/PFXSQD0/ (ɫȮ!Q0{]jTԹY_W(Pêt~%t2w~y3Yi*^*VXi"N1aIlA^%] :1z~}gˎ>sߑO>qZӻ.7IsG=g~sk{f[X߿.̬S"*!9= 6 /c7>ة ZYfT #w̦T8JZFT" E3JrUb"N\u\[oM؏UdLHBo ʏ&.cX.GEShd^j8Yb!μ:tQߗFvD (ɥ%qlCK gebm6Y(JCoeq1鰸| o۸g 3bh-,ﾕEQ}}Ś_ e1S3rBj^~'ME'-=7r?0渋`1qy\4!r92phNIexoI-uUKq;ciCjT$,TKJqrs+]lxZdz7stG[^uEP$-8r&9 8R07#[jA:LOGaXT7n"!n`A^ r0$LXٚ| ;1 O$ >[qrSmO%Ea[a(0U[PSV8˞l/;q$~S Tp W]ěӑt{oB EkeE΂ݰOR_,Vo-01;s+x6h1j74h(fyb1q>Cį`/>N"촥融ܕ%ޱɎPմ$.y@Ǿ5=#'󰭰lK 7dx*5.A|?K#&U8q[E87"n&]ӭ龍X"~Hc.~ ѝrl>Ri.p nDKvwq6p?%W+hDA@WKO,Es+Xujc9~^qȵ} gBV aeL5b kՀBkY3JQ&ԵF41j@u4M)!'{ϵaTݮ79>yy5D|뭥BsZf7%nZ 47~n7{+Bu⃧ {|}t'", g~}:!ED1*1/0H<1SlLvr"@(BDzں$ya֎0WG#su +[Q G -춻ۮn:{ZaemX +ژoڜk?isv&pGaD3 mo'ZX2vE\쵉w=X=xy^“ I?{Emjڧ>؛w/S-JAȚvbV|Nf\5c(F1ag(^s\Oo/Mɺopr4>O}4֩`م et&3qEQ1B29#c$P[uSӚVh>!T*ܱᕆ|ᣘcܔXNyB5m F mdHfsy:> C0Ç"fB4`, hCVt#=! sF $c}n| ov*,\ᜋ?.7׏G#! i*RyUq7j6MjuУfs+}J}&/Wiv~P>|@>oOnȷ]$HBDT1"Xyc91Fb1TC4.8ݴj ~b,Z]مf"R|pRڝD^07 m3'Iz:M'] M4p,qB' y"i2%Ykrc&^+~WtJx咉ܒ9n2mY.m<\ e>UQ}(&b>}y_GkPu. EfX>AcZz}y˜H?Z>MOݱ 4FЈlm rOu V\)$$'iB %F=BȮ;bqÒg#m@8$e)|lbQ4Kb_5q"1Phc}|k)]+ 7%@.5q"P),+:$^MWJykjݽY86555q066BA5Ir DPҤMq(>BThJئB7۴??s̙9sבgxgDџP &cٔ— ДmL|^f-.#EX^4?EV|# &ʭK j寓*#O$Ԣ'Ԛ3F*5#ڲ1(oM;c-CgdV̮]WG] Ye$^qUs]6,5{t7S-E:6=w.Eޤ5b;]-j\5@IpvYXL",{XpFE:s0]qhZ[;94M7=<{=4mO^PH*&bgHSV"_ó3ng»1pRI&։Cac-Km= <=Jg1@>6nD͐Qd x9$ƌ?]bAnQTGFDMDKs.F~#J2=;c$le۟ԄyY! 3pzDLL}tR6Z(Wdq>%Ԏ*!:"6gZ?oT+@I,IC4ҡs'J㖔N.U{WR6rT |[U~L?S)TQXG_T\ uH$ eCqy٘j7v"kűK:,CppGgw޲C5^qU";zmro9`AuK}qY:HK §W K%Q PN %Ds= q@}N:.XL1@xU%hŨ@^|CvԂ/W7h ~"K:t>橇&|,\fO ]~b$B?ZО _࿕9>K|@񛼋]/y^vQsFU`\ Ti|K~5/vTg,<,(yu-X6~qeE fVOcoO?I-A(0.&r5!C.z"g?NO[s|:*:Z9C~8ǫw:Sңj3B#kWDiC R7ȏ2 ,JAxdSϒ$OŹ>4JL|IlnhNVj74f{gųruh!K8 [À*kBo8|$th?Q rEҩOүp*.VFbn7ʕr;V-U1ޔ Qf+4(VADU_cL2vey5A U*jPW +m1`Cf*mS;?MFOZUD8Az v@ ~WY6 t/QE@G^-}K\1oݘUʷx4o'YH+/;L{oZе|eFKz1ݰ| C:;ݺ?l:,da wwS!Sy+?zߕjQ0Qx 3ϧ~ '~Kv.fR雷á^wMW>ľb-Щ[bm0|)>};`ܛmvÂC Dj2)ꪨ Z-F\fiڴEg m7`ZmٴMt{1 _ s{:7@ހk@H,\ۭdWi ;lV(GS0zdHGa MX 6` 0'Rjz̆ p6)^!v=fcf3&t +ÅÞRٸ~cyD&!@ShH/2:Oaϝ͛޿ѼmuRʚFN6YAKL!Sԃ=2 +S֜uRff*SsjӪlnh'0=G 4ZG[.ZЭsJ) R>[wq{l=9vӎyǂÑr9F Cs9[`!Nm##QHO8-ɾ -?^`~z(LD}o01W0 ЅX.fd3rFV932 RwRw:zX '[&Czb$`s0[a'dO "d㓏l ޑ _N6tGJ8B#8kQ-yj<iWT2F.c ZuVٺ,5%6p^u˖h7V {OnF˱g*+ueu~L˲7yYJ" /I/K,1~~'~U)f_  /H#ʀӀJ@n@AG|pԘk}>7>O}ͧ]>uO}'BJ /qƫ˫֫ҫ̫U^ 9*%6^ݢj[Ԫ-u7KH >*\kYHz:nE@֓U:EX `4vB?e鿹}U<] ztпwIH'Av V+W$Lcc'd:{yzeA;q:&⍑~ V%U:FQ:wԃ4Cqg4~=Jw҉|4ȟX"HDvm4#\, %riƴ.`.% M@" xzcJ1EZZF²R ^M2b1 +ڇA8KĵfEgGŎWGm0[~G{'~CaVj?7i?>eC7IZˠ0;ݣ]No1kCYF1{"nho@ȁ@gOkCgJ ׎D5aS;99joi{9>ϥ;V@q6}&W479& G3p^f.)zz3-fH"7IQbɝ"׳rm;`Em"{/r\;͝2W;iKwy*km垾|tT^@E6 „6R.<µ%KSk*ӋK.Kmd"v8C8;C0֠>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 2 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (2)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Introduction)Tj ( )Tj 5 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.........................)Tj ( )Tj 30.458 0 Td (4)Tj ( )Tj -35.458 -1.16 Td (Study Design and )Tj (Data Collection)Tj ( )Tj 13.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (......................)Tj ( )Tj 21.708 0 Td (7)Tj ( )Tj -35.458 -1.14 Td (Results)Tj ( )Tj 3 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...............................)Tj ( )Tj 31.958 0 Td (13)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (Faculty Careers are Gendered)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12.968 0 Td ( )Tj 0.032 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...................)Tj ( )Tj 20.958 0 Td (13)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.14 Td (The Natur)Tj (e of Research Universities:)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 16 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.......)Tj ( )Tj 17.958 0 Td (14)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (Numerical Under)Tj (-)Tj (representation and Token Dynamics)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 23.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (.........)Tj ( )Tj 10.458 0 Td (14)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Lack of Women Faculty at all Levels)Tj 14.884 0 Td ( )Tj 0.116 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.......)Tj ( )Tj 17.958 0 Td (14)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Token Dynamics)Tj ( )Tj 7 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.......)Tj ( )Tj 25.958 0 Td (15)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.14 Td (Everything is Negotiable)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 10.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.............................)Tj ( )Tj 23.458 0 Td (17)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Side Deals)Tj ( )Tj 4.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.................)Tj ( )Tj 28.458 0 Td (17)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Negotiations of Options at Hire)Tj ( )Tj 12.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................)Tj ( )Tj 20.208 0 Td (17)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Unequal application of rules, procedures, and practices)Tj 21.992 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 0 Td (................................)Tj (...........)Tj ( )Tj 10.958 0 Td (19)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Shifting Sands)Tj ( )Tj 6 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...........)Tj ( )Tj 26.958 0 Td (20)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (Issues of Mentoring and Professional Development)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 21.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................)Tj ( )Tj 12.208 0 Td (20)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Inadequate Socialization)Tj ( )Tj 10 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...........................)Tj ( )Tj 22.958 0 Td (20)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Role Expectations of Senior Women Faculty)Tj 17.913 0 Td ( )Tj 0.087 0 Td (................................)Tj (...........................)Tj ( )Tj 14.958 0 Td (21)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (The Experience of Senior Women Faculty As Mentors)Tj 21.855 0 Td ( )Tj 0.145 0 Td (................................)Tj (...........)Tj ( )Tj 10.958 0 Td (22)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (H)Tj (ierarchical, Elitist Structure)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 13 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...................)Tj ( )Tj 20.958 0 Td (22)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Rank Privilege)Tj ( )Tj 6 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...........)Tj ( )Tj 26.958 0 Td (23)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Too Few Women in Top Academic and Administrative Positions)Tj 26.051 0 Td ( )Tj 0.199 0 Td (..........................)Tj ( )Tj 6.708 0 Td (23)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Interaction of Rank and Gender)Tj ( )Tj 12.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................)Tj ( )Tj 20.208 0 Td (25)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Interlocking Inequalities: The Interaction of Gender with Race, Sexual O\ rientation, )Tj T* (and Socioeconomic Status)Tj ( )Tj 10.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (........................)Tj ( )Tj 22.208 0 Td (25)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td [(Ex)1(perience of Faculty Differentiated by Gender)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 20.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (.....................)Tj ( )Tj 13.458 0 Td (26)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Women Faculty\222s Formal and Informal Interactions)Tj 20.689 0 Td ( )Tj 0.061 0 Td (................................)Tj (................)Tj ( )Tj 12.208 0 Td (27)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Everyday, Routine Procedures that Are Detrimental to Women\222s Experien\ ces)Tj 31.017 0 Td ( )Tj 0.233 0 Td (......)Tj ( )Tj 1.708 0 Td (31)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.14 Td [(ǿմý Culture Ex)1(perienced as Ex)1(clusionary Tow)-1(ards Women)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 27 0 Td (...........................)Tj ( )Tj 6.958 0 Td (31)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Unwelcoming Community for Women)Tj ( )Tj 15.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (....)Tj ( )Tj 17.208 0 Td (32)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Marginalizing and Discounting of Women)Tj ( )Tj 17 0 Td (................................)Tj (...............................)Tj ( )Tj 15.958 0 Td (33)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Invisible and Backstage W)Tj (ork)Tj ( )Tj 12.25 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (..................)Tj ( )Tj 20.708 0 Td (34)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (A Double Standard For Male and Female Faculty)Tj ( )Tj 20 0 Td (................................)Tj (...................)Tj ( )Tj 12.958 0 Td (35)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Women Constantly Seen as Falling Short)Tj ( )Tj 16.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj ( )Tj 16.208 0 Td (36)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.14 Td (Structural/Organizational Issues)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 14 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...............)Tj ( )Tj 19.958 0 Td (37)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (Dimensions of Inequality: Unfair/Unequal Access to/Allocation of Resourc\ es)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 32.5 0 Td (.....)Tj ( )Tj 1.458 0 Td (38)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.14 Td (Work/Family Integration)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 11 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...........................)Tj ( )Tj 22.958 0 Td (40)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (Outcomes)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 4.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.....................)Tj ( )Tj 29.458 0 Td (44)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Everyday Experience)Tj ( )Tj 8.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj ( )Tj 24.208 0 Td (44)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (Leaky Pipeline)Tj ( )Tj 6.25 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (..........)Tj ( )Tj 26.708 0 Td (45)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Resource Inequities)Tj ( )Tj 8 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (...)Tj ( )Tj 24.958 0 Td (46)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.16 Td (Solutions Suggested by Focus Group Participants)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 21.25 0 Td (................................)Tj (..................)Tj ( )Tj 12.708 0 Td (47)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.14 Td (Individual)Tj (-)Tj (Level Solutions)Tj ( )Tj 10.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (........................)Tj ( )Tj 22.208 0 Td (48)Tj ( )Tj -32.958 -1.16 Td (System)Tj (-)Tj (Level Solutions)Tj ( )Tj 9.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (............................)Tj ( )Tj 23.208 0 Td (48)Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -33.958 -1.14 Td (Positive Comments)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj 8.25 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (......)Tj ( )Tj 25.708 0 Td (50)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.16 Td (Recommendations)Tj ( )Tj 7.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (.............)Tj ( )Tj 27.458 0 Td (52)Tj ( )Tj 0 0 1 scn -34.958 -1.14 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 3 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 4 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (3)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (Appendix 1. ǿմý Equity Study Committee Charge)Tj ( )Tj 22 0 Td (................................)Tj (...................)Tj ( )Tj 12.958 0 Td (56)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.14 Td (Appendix 2. ǿմý IRB Application: ǿմý Gender Equity Study)Tj ( )Tj 27.75 0 Td (............................)Tj ( )Tj 7.208 0 Td (56)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.16 Td (Appendix 3. ǿմý IRB Application: Summary of the Study)Tj ( )Tj 25.25 0 Td (................................)Tj (......)Tj ( )Tj 9.708 0 Td (59)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.14 Td (Appendix 4. ǿմý IRB Application: Draft Letter to prospective participa\ )Tj 30.243 0 Td (nts)Tj ( )Tj 1.257 0 Td (.............)Tj ( )Tj 3.458 0 Td (63)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.16 Td (Appendix 5. ǿմý IRB Application: Informed Consent form)Tj ( )Tj 25.5 0 Td (................................)Tj (.....)Tj ( )Tj 9.458 0 Td (64)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.14 Td (Appendix 6. Demographic Information Card)Tj ( )Tj 18.25 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (..)Tj ( )Tj 16.708 0 Td (66)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.16 Td (Appendix 7. Selected Demographics for all Contacts)Tj 21.328 0 Td ( )Tj 0.172 0 Td (................................)Tj (.....................)Tj ( )Tj 13.458 0 Td (67)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.14 Td (Appendix 8. Schedule for Focus Group Meetings)Tj ( )Tj 20 0 Td (................................)Tj (...........................)Tj ( )Tj 14.958 0 Td (70)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.16 Td (Appendix 9. Sample Introductory Script for Focus Group Moderators)Tj 28.051 0 Td ( )Tj 0.199 0 Td (..........................)Tj ( )Tj 6.708 0 Td (72)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.14 Td (Appendix 10. Focus Group Note Card Data)Tj ( )Tj 17.75 0 Td (................................)Tj (................................)Tj (....)Tj ( )Tj 17.208 0 Td (74)Tj ( )Tj -34.958 -1.16 Td (App)Tj (endix 11. Descriptive Codes for scoring focus group transcripts)Tj 27.329 0 Td ( )Tj 0.171 0 Td (.............................)Tj ( )Tj 7.458 0 Td (76)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 5 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 6 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (4)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 704.88 Tm [(In)-2(t)1(ro)-1(d)-2(u)-2(ct)1(i)2(o)-1(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.5 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 250.6729 687.36 Tm (Resource Equity Study)Tj ( )Tj -13.389 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (The Resource Equity Study committee was commissioned by the University P\ rovost at )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (the recommendation of the Faculty Sena)Tj (te and convened in January, 2000. Its charge was to )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (design and implement a study to investigate the academic resources avail\ able to faculty on the )Tj T* (ǿմý campus. Committee members include Diana Bilimoria \(Organizational \ Behavior\), )Tj T* (Patricia Higgins \(Nursing\),)Tj ( )Tj (Eleanor Stoller \(Sociology\), and Cyrus Taylor \(Physics\). Sara )Tj T* (Debanne \(Epidemiology and Biostatistics\) served on the committee from \ its inception until )Tj T* (December 2002. Two other members participated in the early stages of the\ committee work: )Tj T* (Joyce Jentoff )Tj (\(Office of the Provost\) and Katherine Wisner \(Medicine\). )Tj 28.853 0 Td ( )Tj -25.853 -2.3 Td (The committee used several approaches in the preparation and implementat\ ion of the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (study. For example, committee members met with Nancy Hopkins, who conduc\ ted a similar )Tj T* (study at MIT; they familiariz)Tj (ed themselves with ǿմý documents and findings from other )Tj T* (academic institutions; and they conducted extensive, multiple rounds of \ discussion that )Tj T* (determined the study\222s direction and scope, a conceptual framework, a\ nd its design and )Tj T* (methodology. The commit)Tj (tee also developed goals and objectives, which were incorporated into )Tj T* (a formal statement of intent and accepted by the President and Provost a\ s the Charge for the )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (committee:)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (ǿմý seeks to foster the full development, )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (professional)Tj ( )Tj (advancement and recognition of all members of our community. )Tj 31.381 0 Td ( )Tj -34.381 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 -1.16 Td (The ǿմý Equity Study Committee will develop and implement methodologies\ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (for determining the extent to which these goals are realized, and percei\ ved to be )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (realized. These methodologies and st)Tj (udies will address issues of resources, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (including salary as well as other factors such as teaching assignments, \ space )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (allocations and other environmental resources. The Committee\222s studi\ es will also )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (address other issues of faculty structure, welfare and e)Tj (ffectiveness such as )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (professional activity, community service, diversity, recruitment and ret\ ention. )Tj ET endstream endobj 7 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 8 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (5)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (While particular emphasis will be given to issues of possible gender bia\ s at the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (faculty level, it is expected that the methodologies and studies can be \ u)Tj 28.409 0 Td (sed as the )Tj -28.409 -1.16 Td (basis for the analysis of other diversity issues on campus. )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 -1.16 Td (In order to maximize the utility of the Committee\222s work, the ǿմý Eq\ uity )Tj T* (Study Committee will report to the President, the Provost, the President\ \222s )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Advisory Council on Women in the )Tj (University, and the Faculty Senate, and will )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (consult with other bodies as appropriate.)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 -1.14 Td (Thus the Committee has undertaken a two)Tj 16.885 0 Td (-)Tj (part investigation of the resources )Tj -19.885 -2.3 Td (available to faculty on the ǿմý campus. The first part of the study \(\ A\) involved focus )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (gro)Tj (up interviews with faculty concerning their perceptions of \(1\) the dis\ tribution of )Tj T* [(departmental and university resources by gender and \(2\) barriers, both\ f)-1(ormal and )]TJ T* (informal, that faculty encounter in their careers. The second part \(B\)\ will analyze )Tj T* (quantit)Tj (ative data, such as salary data, informed by the findings of the first p\ art of the )Tj T* (study. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (The following preliminary report provides the findings from Part A. It i\ ncludes a )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (discussion of the methodology of the study, results, and conclusions and\ )Tj T* (recommenda)Tj (tions. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Because of the sensitive nature of the subject matter, we have gone to g\ reat )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (lengths to maintain the confidentiality of the focus group participants.\ Since these )Tj T* (procedures may be of interest to other groups seeking to conduct similar\ studies, we )Tj T* (include our application for IRB approval \(which defines the design of t\ he study in great )Tj T* (detail\) as well as our detailed schedules and scripts for the conduct o\ f individual focus )Tj T* (groups.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (In all, 47 people participated in six focus groups: two focus groups)Tj 26.968 0 Td ( )Tj (composed of )Tj -29.968 -2.3 Td (Senior Women Faculty, one of Junior Women Faculty, one of Male Faculty, \ one of )Tj T* (Mixed)Tj (-)Tj (rank and Mixed)Tj (-)Tj (gender, and one composed of Chairs and Administrators. The )Tj ET endstream endobj 9 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 10 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (6)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (result was approximately 9 hours of tapes, yielding 179 closely)Tj 25.273 0 Td (-)Tj (spaced pages of )Tj -25.273 -2.3 Td (tra)Tj (nscribed text. )Tj ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td (We have analyzed the focus group transcriptions by first reading them to\ identify )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (distinct comments, used these to construct a keyword list and categories\ , then used these )Tj T* (to code the text. The process was iterated several times until th)Tj 25.353 0 Td (e list of categories )Tj -25.353 -2.3 Td (appeared to be complete. Our results are organized in terms of the cate\ gories that we )Tj T* (identified. Within categories, we quote typical comments, seeking to al\ low the focus )Tj T* (group participants to speak for themselves, but more concisely)Tj 25.021 0 Td ( )Tj (and less redundantly than )Tj -25.021 -2.3 Td (in the raw focus group transcripts.)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td (The results reflect a wide diversity of experience and opinion, but all \ describe an )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (institution with great promise but also enormous challenges if it is to \ live up to the goal )Tj T* (of fostering \223th)Tj (e full development, professional advancement and recognition of all )Tj T* (members of our community.\224)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td (One final note may be of importance. The focus groups reported on here \ took )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (place in late spring 2000. The time that has passed is reflective of th\ e enormous )Tj 32.353 0 Td (work )Tj -32.353 -2.3 Td (that has gone into the analysis of the data reported here. But in that \ time, ǿմý has )Tj T* (gone through many major changes, including a variety of positive changes\ in the some of )Tj T* (the areas discussed in this report. While the University can take pride\ in )Tj 29.241 0 Td (the many )Tj -29.241 -2.3 Td (accomplishments in this time, this cannot be the basis for complacency i\ n addressing the )Tj T* (deep)Tj (-)Tj (rooted challenges identified in this report.)Tj 18.938 0 Td ( )Tj -15.938 -2.3 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj -3 -2.3 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 11 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 12 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (7)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.004 Tc -0.001 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(S)-2(tu)-2(d)-2(y)-1( D)-4(esi)1(g)-1(n)-2( a)-1(n)-2(d)-2( D)-4(a)-1(ta)-1( C)-4(o)-1(l)1(l)1(ecti)1(o)-1(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.536 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 675.36 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 3 -1.14 Td (In this section we review the study design and the process of data c)Tj (ollection. We )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (pay close attention to the process by which the study was designed and c\ onducted, )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (including as Appendices key documents that, beyond their immediate impor\ tance for this )Tj T* (study, can serve as templates for future, related studies. )Tj 22.632 0 Td ( )Tj -19.632 -2.3 Td (As noted in)Tj ( )Tj (the introduction, much of the first year of the Committee\222s work was \ )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (spent reviewing previous work at ǿմý, work elsewhere, and defining the \ scope and )Tj T* (goals of the Committee\222s work. This culminated first in the preparat\ ion of the )Tj T* (Committee\222s Charge \(Appe)Tj (ndix 1.\))Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (The Committee then defined a two)Tj 13.913 0 Td (-)Tj (part investigation. Part 1, presented in this )Tj -16.913 -2.3 Td (report, involves focus group interviews with faculty concerning their ex\ perience and )Tj T* (perceptions of resource)Tj (-)Tj (related issues at ǿմý. Part 2, which will be presented i)Tj (n a )Tj T* (later report, will analyze quantitative data such as salary information.\ )Tj 27.685 0 Td ( )Tj -24.685 -2.3 Td (While the second part initially seemed to some members to be relatively \ )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (straightforward, it gradually became clear that a qualitative study real\ ly needed to come )Tj T* (first, both as a )Tj (means for understanding the general environment at ǿմý as well as for )Tj T* (identifying specific issues for further, quantitative investigation. Ex\ perience elsewhere, )Tj T* (such as at MIT, certainly provides support for this approach.)Tj 24.188 0 Td ( )Tj -21.188 -2.3 Td (As the Committee began work alo)Tj (ng these lines, it became clear that no institution )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (had attempted as comprehensive a study as presented here. \(The MIT stu\ dy, for example, )Tj T* (was effectively confined to senior women faculty in the natural sciences\ .\) We thus )Tj T* (recognized that the present work )Tj (should be of interest as a model beyond ǿմý.)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 13 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 14 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (8)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (The Committee also recognized at an early stage that, because of the pot\ entially )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (sensitive nature of the inquiry, it is essential that participants in th\ e study feel free to )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (express their thoughts without fear )Tj (of retribution. Ensuring confidentiality of the )Tj T* (participants was thus of critical importance in the design of the study.\ )Tj 27.827 0 Td ( )Tj -24.827 -2.3 Td (The design of the study was formally defined in the documents we submitt\ ed for )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (IRB \(Institutional Review Board\) approval of this study)Tj ( )Tj (as human subjects research. The )Tj T* (IRB approval process provided oversight of our study design, was legally\ necessary for )Tj T* (the dissemination of our research, and provided formal guarantees of the\ confidentiality )Tj T* (of the participants. This last point appeared)Tj 17.551 0 Td ( )Tj (to be an important consideration for some )Tj -17.551 -2.3 Td (subjects in agreeing to participate in the focus groups. Indeed, some f\ aculty members )Tj T* (were concerned that these protections would not provide them with adequa\ te protection )Tj T* (and declined to participate for these re)Tj 15.327 0 Td (asons.)Tj ( )Tj -12.327 -2.3 Td (Appendix 2 is the text of the IRB Application for this study. This desc\ ribes the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (identification and recruitment of subjects, the rationale for the study,\ steps taken to )Tj T* (ensure confidentiality of the participants, potential risks to participa\ nts, an)Tj 29.687 0 Td (d potential )Tj -29.687 -2.3 Td (benefits of the study.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Appendix 3 is the text of Appendix B of the IRB Application and provides\ more )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (detailed rationale for the study, additional details on the research des\ ign and subjects, )Tj T* (additional detail about the procedure for the conduct)Tj 20.965 0 Td ( )Tj (of the focus groups \(including the )Tj -20.965 -2.3 Td (specific questions used to guide the discussion\) as well as a summary o\ f the procedures )Tj T* (for data analysis.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Appendix 4 contains the letter to prospective participants, Appendix C o\ f the IRB )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (Application. This letter expla)Tj (ins to prospective participants the rationale for the study, )Tj ET endstream endobj 15 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 16 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 516 741.84 6 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 516 744.72 Tm (9)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (the structure of the focus groups, the other information \(consent form \ and demographic )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (sheet\) that was requested of participants, and steps taken to ensure co\ nfidentiality.)Tj 32.852 0 Td ( )Tj -29.852 -2.3 Td (Appendix 5 is the Info)Tj (rmed Consent Form participants were asked to sign. This )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (form was Appendix D of the IRB Application. Appendix 6 is the Demograph\ ic )Tj T* (Information Card Participants were asked to complete.)Tj 21.854 0 Td ( )Tj -18.854 -2.3 Td (Appendix 7 provides selected demographic information for all people co)Tj 29.075 0 Td (ntacted )Tj -32.075 -2.3 Td (about possible participation in the study. Appendix 8 includes demograp\ hic information )Tj T* (for all participants in the focus groups. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (It is interesting to note that of the 90 people contacted about possible\ )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (participation, 68 replied, and 55 replied i)Tj (ndicating their willingness to participate. Forty )Tj T* (seven of these faculty members actually participated in focus groups. )Tj 28.159 0 Td ( )Tj -25.159 -2.3 Td (It is important to note that we sought to \223use nonprobability purposi\ ve sampling )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (designed to select key informants \(faculty members\) )Tj 21.244 0 Td (who are known to be aware of )Tj -21.244 -2.3 Td (and/or interested in gender equity issues on the ǿմý campus. Every eff\ ort will be )Tj T* (made to include faculty from all ranks and all management centers and on\ e group will be )Tj T* (composed of minority faculty.\224 Ultimately, the response)Tj 22.551 0 Td ( )Tj (rate of self)Tj 4.526 0 Td (-)Tj (identified minorities )Tj -27.077 -2.3 Td (was not large enough \(1 person\) to support a minority focus group. Al\ so, while all )Tj T* (management centers were represented, only one participant was from Engin\ eering, and )Tj T* (one from Nursing.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (A total of six focus groups were )Tj (conducted in late Spring 2000: two focus groups )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (of Senior Women Faculty, one of Junior Women Faculty, one of Male Facult\ y, one that )Tj T* (was composed of faculty members of Mixed Rank, Mixed Gender, and one of \ Chairs and )Tj T* (Administrators.)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 17 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 18 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (10)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (Appendix 9 provides the i)Tj (nterview protocol the moderators used to guide the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (meeting. Appendix 10 is the introductory script moderators used to intr\ oduce each Focus )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Group. \(This particular sample is from one of the Senior Women Focus G\ roups.\))Tj 32.633 0 Td ( )Tj -29.633 -2.3 Td (Each focus group consisted of six to )Tj (eight participants, small enough to facilitate )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (full participation but large enough to provide diversity of perspectives\ . Focus group )Tj T* (conversations were audio)Tj (-)Tj (recorded. Participants in these groups were encouraged to act )Tj T* (as Key Informants, relating not on)Tj (ly their own experience but also that of colleagues at )Tj T* (ǿմý. The goal of the focus groups was to identify the range of experie\ nces rather than )Tj T* (document the prevalence or distribution of any particular experience. M\ embers of the )Tj T* (Resource Equity Committee )Tj (were trained in the facilitation of focus groups by Eleanor )Tj T* (Stoller, Ph.D., a committee member who has conducted focus groups in pre\ vious research )Tj T* (investigations. For each group, a second committee member served as a fa\ cilitator, who )Tj T* (recorded observations )Tj (regarding group dynamics and monitored recording equipment.)Tj 34.406 0 Td ( )Tj -31.406 -2.3 Td (The interview guide for the focus group sessions consisted of five quest\ ions: )Tj 31.135 0 Td ( )Tj -31.135 -2.3 Td (1. How do you think the experience of being a faculty member at ǿմý is\ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD [(different for women than it is for men?)1( )]TJ ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (2. Does gender make any difference in access to resources for faculty a\ t ǿմý )Tj 32.489 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj -32.489 -1.16 Td (things like salary, travel money, teaching loads, committee assignments,\ lab )Tj T* (space, access to clerical or other support, institutional research funds\ , sabbatical )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (or other leav)Tj (es?)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (3. Do you think gender makes any difference in everyday interaction amo\ ng )Tj 0 -1.14 TD [(faculty, between faculty and administrators, or between faculty and staf\ f?)1( Do )]TJ 0 -1.16 TD [(people notice gender when they talk with one another?)1( )]TJ 22.13 0 Td ( )Tj -22.13 -1.14 Td ( )Tj T* (4. Does the impact of family life differ)Tj 15.747 0 Td ( )Tj [(for men and women faculty?)1( Do women )]TJ -15.747 -1.14 Td (and men face different issues in balancing work and family demands?)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (5. Do you think the issues facing women faculty change across the acade\ mic )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (career )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj [(as we/they move from assistant professor to full professor?)1( )]TJ ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 19 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 20 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (11)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (Af)Tj (ter completing the interview guide, the moderator concluded the session \ with )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (two concluding questions, each of which was asked in a round)Tj (-)Tj (robin manner. \(1\) )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Suppose you had one minute to talk to President Auston about how to impr\ ove the )Tj T* (situation for women)Tj ( )Tj [(faculty at ǿմý. What would you say?)1( and \(2\) Have we missed )]TJ T* [(anything?)1( Is there anything we should have asked but didn')-1(t?)]TJ ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (At the end of each focus group, each participant was provided with a not\ e card )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (which asked that they \223Please summarize your experien)Tj 22.354 0 Td (ces as a ǿմý faculty member )Tj -22.354 -2.3 Td (in one word or phrase.\224 The responses are included as Appendix 11. \ The focus group )Tj T* (participants represented a broad spectrum of the university faculty, wit\ h a wide range of )Tj T* (experiences, and this is reflected in their notecard)Tj 19.825 0 Td ( )Tj (responses. These responses range from )Tj -19.825 -2.3 Td (\223Gratifying\224 \(Senior Women\) and \223Challenging!!! And stimulati\ ng\224 \(Junior Women\) to )Tj T* (\223Degrading\224 \(Senior Women\) and \223It has eaten me alive.\224 \(\ Men)Tj 25.768 0 Td (-)Tj ( )Tj (mixed rank\). Many )Tj -25.768 -2.3 Td (participants appear to have conflicting experiences)Tj 20.297 0 Td (, with one noting \223Such mixed )Tj -20.297 -2.3 Td (feelings: richness of community, loneliness and isolation.\224 \(Junior \ women\).)Tj 30.301 0 Td ( )Tj -27.301 -2.3 Td (The focus groups were tape recorded, resulting in some 9 hours of tape. \ These )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (were transcribed. The transcripts were then analyzed using standard me)Tj 28.85 0 Td (thods of content )Tj -28.85 -2.3 Td (analysis. We began by reading the transcripts to identify distinct comme\ nts, then used )Tj T* (these to construct a keyword list and categories, and finally used these\ categories to code )Tj T* (the text. The process was iterated several times until the )Tj 22.881 0 Td (list of categories appeared to be )Tj -22.881 -2.3 Td (both parsimonious and complete. Appendix 11 is the final descriptive co\ des used for )Tj T* (scoring the focus group transcripts. )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 21 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 22 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (12)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (In the next section, we used this coding scheme to organize our narrativ\ e. The )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (actual narrative )Tj (is largely comprised of illustrative quotes from the various focus group\ s. )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (To the extent possible, we try to allow the participants to speak for th\ emselves.)Tj 31.631 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 23 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 24 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (13)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(R)-3(esu)-1(l)2(t)1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.348 TD ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 656.88 Tm (A number of participants pointed out the isomorphism between the externa\ l academic )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (enviro)Tj (nment and the climate and structures at ǿմý. Certain experiences of fa\ culty at )Tj T* (ǿմý were seen as reflective of women\222s and men\222s academic careers\ in general, and )Tj T* (of research universities in particular. )Tj 15.133 0 Td ( )Tj -15.133 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.003 Tc -0.002 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 530.88 Tm [(Fa)1(c)1(ul)2(t)2(y)1( C)-1(a)1(r)1(e)1(e)1(r)1(s)1( a)1(r)1(e)1( G)-1(e)1(nde)1(r)1(e)1(d)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 271.5488 530.88 Tm (: Participants noted)Tj ( )Tj (the gendered nature of all )Tj ET 90 528.72 181.44 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 500.64 Tm (faculty careers: faculty jobs are developed and structured with male car\ eers in mind, the )Tj T* (tenure track schedule is an institution engineered for men, the ideal ac\ ademic worker is )Tj T* (conceptualized as male, and career paths for wome)Tj 20.379 0 Td (n and men faculty differ. One )Tj -20.379 -2.3 Td (participant likened the academic life to \223being in a monastery\224 an\ d \223working like a )Tj T* (monk\224 \(Junior Women FG\), another referred to her Dean extolling the\ example of a )Tj T* (faculty member who \223puts in fourteen hours a day\224 \(Senior Wo)Tj 25.438 0 Td (men FG\), while another )Tj -25.438 -2.3 Td (participant summarized the academic career model as a \223heterosexual, \ white, male )Tj T* (model, and it does not fit other kinds of people very well\224 \(Junior \ Women FG\). Faculty )Tj T* (jobs were seen to be )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (structured to promote certain kinds of bod)Tj (ies. Those bodies tend to not have )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (nurturing or care)Tj (-)Tj (taking responsibilities \205 They have \205 wives taking care of )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (these things full time for them. Those are the kinds of bodies that are\ going to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (succeed in this structure the way it is set up, and I don\222t s)Tj 22.884 0 Td (ee much flexibility in )Tj -22.884 -1.14 Td (this structure. I can say, well I\222m going to choose to step off the \ tenure track )Tj T* (because this is so overwhelming and I can\222t be a good parent if I wan\ t to try to go )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (for tenure. But I think that\222s a false choice \(Junior Women FG\). \ )Tj 26.271 0 Td ( )Tj -29.271 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Another participant summarized that \223I think the whole tenure track s\ chedule is )Tj T* (engineered for men ... It has nothing to do with women\224 \(Senior Wome\ n FG\). Male )Tj ET endstream endobj 25 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 26 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (14)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (participants also recognized women are still at a disadvantage in academ\ ia, \223All in all it\222s )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (been much tougher for woman to survive in this world. Now it\222s impro\ ving. )Tj T* (Regulations. Changes in university regulations, as well as federal, are\ helping. But it\222s )Tj T* (clearly difficult\224 \(Men FG\). Participants also questioned the gene\ ral academic attitude)Tj 34.766 0 Td (s )Tj -34.766 -2.3 Td (and perceptions facing women faculty members who might choose part time \ or other )Tj T* (nontraditional career paths: \223Is a woman who \205 takes part time goi\ ng to be taken )Tj T* [(seriously as a researcher or a scholar or a professional?)1(\224 \(Mixed Gender, Mixed Rank )]TJ T* (FG\).)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 458.4 Tm (T)Tj 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 0.671 0 Td [(h)-1(e N)-2(a)-1(tu)-1(re o)-1(f R)-2(esea)-1(rch)-1( U)-2(n)-1(i)1(v)-1(ersi)1(ti)1(es:)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 311.6142 458.4 Tm ( )Tj (The nature of world)Tj (-)Tj (class research )Tj ET 90 456.24 221.52 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 428.16 Tm (universities was also seen to influence the everyday experience of facul\ ty at ǿմý. )Tj T* (Reflective of the larger world of research universities, teaching at CWR\ U is trivialized )Tj T* (and devalue)Tj (d, and the tenure process is a grueling, unfriendly, \223all)Tj (-)Tj (or)Tj (-)Tj (nothing system\224 )Tj T* (\(Junior Women FG\) where \223old)Tj (-)Tj (boy networks\224 are thriving \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj T* (Several participants noted that the larger academic culture is unnecessa\ rily \223combative\224 )Tj T* (\(Mixed Gender,)Tj ( )Tj (Mixed Rank FG\) with one participant calling the journal review process \ )Tj T* (\223a blood sport\224 that is particularly detrimental to women \(Mixed \ Gender, Mixed Rank )Tj T* (FG\). )Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf T* ( )Tj 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 191.76 Tm [(N)-2(u)-1(m)-3(eri)1(ca)-1(l)1( U)-2(n)-1(d)-1(er)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 0.003 Tc -0.002 Tw 7.849 0 Td [(r)1(e)1(pr)1(e)1(s)1(e)1(nt)2(at)2(i)2(on and Toke)1(n D)-1(ynam)-1(i)2(c)1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 15.618 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 189.6 326.64 0.24 re f BT /TT1 1 Tf 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 175.44 Tm ( )Tj 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 160.32 Tm [(L)-1(ack)-1( of W)-3(om)-2(en)-1( F)-1(acu)-1(lty at all L)-1(evels)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 293.6519 160.32 Tm (: Pa)Tj (rticipants in various groups referred to the )Tj -16.971 -2.4 Td (lack of a critical mass of women faculty and the consequent token dynami\ cs that emerge )Tj T* (at ǿմý. One senior woman faculty member said, \223The only reason I\222\ m asked to do X, )Tj T* (Y, or Z is because I\222m a woman, and it\222s)Tj 16.301 0 Td ( )Tj (very hard, especially here, because the critical )Tj ET endstream endobj 27 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 28 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (15)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (mass for women is so critically low, that it\222s just tiresome\224 \(Se\ nior Women FG\). )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Another pointed to the lack of women in engineering: \223[In] one of the\ schools in )Tj T* (particular, the Engineering school, there a)Tj 16.743 0 Td (ren\222t enough women to have statistics\224 \(Senior )Tj -16.743 -2.3 Td (Women FG\). Another said, \223This is obviously a male institution, and\ I think that is part )Tj T* (of the difficulty we face. We are in the minority. We are an underclas\ s, and so in )Tj T* (addition to discrimination due to )Tj (our gender, there is this added problem, that we do )Tj T* (things differently than they do and they are the ones setting the standa\ rds. We have to )Tj T* (deal with that\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 18 0 Td ( )Tj -18 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 459.36 Tm [(T)-1(ok)-1(en)-1( D)-1(yn)-1(am)-2(ics)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 183.5391 459.36 Tm (: The dearth of women faculty at all levels results in pervasi)Tj 23.965 0 Td (ve token )Tj -31.76 -2.4 Td (dynamics of the following forms. First, because of their relative pauci\ ty, women faculty )Tj T* (members are sometimes seen as representative of their whole gender group\ , becoming a )Tj T* (symbol or stand)Tj (-)Tj (in for all women. One senior woman faculty member said )Tj 30.327 0 Td (that \223I often )Tj -30.327 -2.3 Td (feel as if I\222m not representing myself, I\222m representing women\224\ \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj T* (Second, token women with nominal power may blind themselves to the exist\ ence of )Tj T* (gender issues or act as apologists for the status quo. One participant s\ aid, \223)Tj 29.91 0 Td (Just because )Tj -29.91 -2.3 Td (you have a sexually)Tj (-)Tj (identified female in the department, does not give you any sense of )Tj T* (assurance that that person has the same feelings about gender issues, or\ responds the )Tj T* (same way to gender, that we\222re talking about here\224 \(Senior Women \ FG\).)Tj 29.129 0 Td ( )Tj (A male )Tj -29.129 -2.3 Td (participant noted that for his female chair, \223her view of the world i\ s more that it doesn\222t )Tj T* (matter whether you\222re a man or a woman, it\222s how hard you try. So\ I think she resists all )Tj T* (things gender\224 \(Men FG\). )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 29 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 30 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (16)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Additionally, when token women who h)Tj (ave achieved a certain status within the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (system step out of their prescribed roles, the system subtly censures an\ d even scapegoats )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (them: \223Isn\222t it too bad that when push comes to shove, the head th\ at roles is the woman )Tj T* (that the guys were using as a buffer?)Tj (\224 \(Senior Women FG\). A male participant said, \223\205 )Tj T* (I think I sometimes see gender playing an important role. Not always an\ official role. )Tj T* (Kind of more subtle, in terms of the kinds of judgments that get made ab\ out women )Tj T* (faculty, or what women faculty can )Tj (or can\222t do, or how much they should or shouldn\222t )Tj T* (do. It\222s not always explicitly expressed, but I think it\222s there\224\ \(Men FG\). )Tj 29.771 0 Td ( )Tj -29.771 -2.3 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Third, numerical under)Tj (-)Tj (representation is particularly detrimental to women )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (because this contributes to their perception that t)Tj 19.411 0 Td (hey constitute a secondary and even )Tj -19.411 -2.3 Td (underprivileged class. One participant indicated that, \223we are still\ thought of being )Tj T* (secretaries, or something lower than faculty\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj 27.159 0 Td ( )Tj -27.159 -2.3 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Fourth, token dynamics play out in the social exclusion of women )Tj 26.663 0 Td (from informal )Tj -29.663 -2.3 Td (male networks. One participant referred to the informal socializing amo\ ng men as \223the )Tj T* (urinal connection )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (that\222s a time that guys can stand around and talk, but women don\222t\ )Tj T* (get in there\224 \(Senior Women FG\). Another participant said, \223I\221\ m not)Tj 27.742 0 Td ( )Tj (saying this is )Tj -27.742 -2.3 Td (exclusive at Case Western, but if there\222s a group of men and a single\ woman, the )Tj T* (conversation will often be from man to man, rather than including the wo\ man in the )Tj T* (conversation. If somebody\222s asking questions, they will often address\ it to )Tj 29.913 0 Td (the man first. )Tj -29.913 -2.3 Td (If they have time, they will address you\224 \(Senior Women FG\). Parad\ oxically when there )Tj T* (are too few women, they concurrently stand out \(are extremely visible a\ nd constantly )Tj T* (scrutinized\) while being overlooked \(excluded from power networks\). )Tj 28.297 0 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf -28.297 -2.3 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 31 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 32 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (17)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.003 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 706.8 Tm [(E)-1(veryt)1(hi)1(ng i)1(s N)-2(egot)1(i)1(abl)1(e:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.895 0 Td ( )Tj 0.251 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 704.64 151.68 0.24 re f BT /TT1 1 Tf 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 690.72 Tm ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 676.56 Tm (A frequently mentioned characteristic of ǿմý\222s internal climate was \ that )Tj -3 -1.16 Td (\223everything is negotiable,\224 as manifested by the following aspects\ .)Tj 26.716 0 Td ( )Tj -26.716 -1.14 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 634.08 Tm [(S)-1(id)-1(e D)-2(ea)-1(ls)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 147.4209 634.08 Tm (: )Tj ( )Tj -1.785 -2.4 Td (A number of participants indicated that secret side deals are pervasiv)Tj 27.545 0 Td (e throughout )Tj -30.545 -2.3 Td (the university. \223And the only thing that I\222ve learned that could \ be done, is that if you end )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (up bringing in vast amounts of grant money, and you can somehow pay more\ of your )Tj T* (salary in the College of Arts and Sciences, then you can go around t)Tj 27.16 0 Td (he Chair and )Tj -27.16 -2.3 Td (negotiate with the Dean to get more of a salary increase. That\222s not\ really right\224 \(Men )Tj T* (FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (While these side deals were usually viewed as negative, this was not alw\ ays the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (case. For example, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (It\222s not all negative. I would say that in my)Tj 17.469 0 Td ( )Tj (case, there have been experiences )Tj -17.469 -1.16 Td (where I have gone to my Chair, this is a previous Chair, actually, and I\ \222ve said, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (\223My office is not appropriate for me. I am an advisor for a lot of s\ tudents, and I )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (think you need to do something about this.\224 And I was )Tj (pretty surprised, he said, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (\223Okay. Here\222s a budget.\224 I was able to do that, and I would s\ ay nobody else in )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (the department had that kind of remodeling done, and they were all shock\ ed that )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (someone had asked for it, and, sort of, gotten their request. So, )Tj 25.801 0 Td (I think you\222re )Tj -25.801 -1.16 Td (right. Everything is negotiable. A lot of times people just don\222t t\ hink to ask, and )Tj T* (sometimes there are resources and things available to you, but you just \ don\222t ask )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (for them. You don\222t think to ask for them, or you never think anyone\ wou)Tj 29.801 0 Td (ld agree )Tj -29.801 -1.14 Td (to that.\224 \(Senior Women focus group\))Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 204 Tm [(N)-1(egoti)1(ati)1(ons of O)-1(pti)1(ons at H)-1(i)1(re)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 263.3227 204 Tm (: A frequently mentioned situation was the )Tj -14.444 -2.4 Td (negotiation undertaken at the time of hire. \223So there are a lot of i\ ssues, but I think that )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (basically the process, the whole negotiat)Tj (ing process in the beginning definitely can be a )Tj T* (lot more open, in terms of the types of things that are reasonable to as\ k for, and types of )Tj T* (salaries that are reasonable to ask for\224 \(Men FG\). )Tj 20.243 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 33 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 34 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (18)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (Several participants pointed to differences in the negotiation)Tj 24.132 0 Td (s undertaken at the )Tj -27.132 -2.3 Td (time of hire by male and female faculty. \223And what I found, looking \ at the junior faculty, )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (is that definitely men get more protected time. They come in with more \ protected time. I )Tj T* (don\222t know if they know how to negotiate better than )Tj 21.551 0 Td (women do, or they\222re coached )Tj -21.551 -2.3 Td (better, or mentored better, but I just find that when I look at some of \ my physician )Tj T* (colleagues as they come in, they are just loaded down with clinical time\ \224 \(Senior Women )Tj T* (FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Several participants pointed to women\222s own rol)Tj (e in not receiving the advantages )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (of side deals, )Tj /TT1 1 Tf (viz)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (., that women don\222t negotiate effectively, and that women are neither\ )Tj T* (taught nor mentored about how to successfully negotiate for better deals\ . \223Women )Tj T* (typically are not taught the art of negotiating. Yo)Tj 19.828 0 Td (u don\222t learn it through childhood, and )Tj -19.828 -2.3 Td (you don\222t necessarily have anybody teaching you how to do this \205 I\ think women often )Tj T* (feel uncomfortable doing it \205 I don\222t feel like I have the resourc\ es to necessarily do )Tj T* (something like that\224 \(Mixed Gender, Mixed Ra)Tj (nk FG\). One female participant said )Tj T* (\223Perhaps we are not as successful at negotiating and back off too soo\ n \205 I\222d say our hit )Tj T* (rate to being successful is nowhere near as good as the hit rate for men\ \224 \(Senior Women )Tj T* (FG\). Another noted that \223I think women, b)Tj (y nature, are less apt to negotiate. And having )Tj T* (less women around, you don\222t get feedback from what other women are d\ oing, that they )Tj T* (are negotiating, \205 and so I think that women are the last to think ab\ out negotiating, until )Tj T* (you really look at yourself in)Tj ( )Tj (a situation.\224 )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 35 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 36 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (19)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(U)-1(nequal)1( appl)1(i)1(cati)1(on of rul)1(es,)1( procedures,)1( and practi)1(ces)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 396.2236 707.76 Tm (: Several participants )Tj -25.519 -2.42 Td (observed that university procedures, rules, policies and practices are u\ nclear or not )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (applied with equity. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (One of the things that I hear all of us ... maybe I)Tj (\222m not supposed to say that as a )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (participant, but \205 is that there is a distinct lack of rules and guid\ elines that this )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (university has in effect. So there is no way of understanding how space\ is divvied )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (up. How resources divvy up. How do we make certain )Tj [(types of decisions?)1( )]TJ 0 -1.16 TD [(What\222s the rules for dealing with people in these situations?)1( There nothing. It\222s )]TJ 0 -1.14 TD (just catch as catch can. I feel that there\222s a certain level that th\ e administration )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (feels, that if everything is kind of amorphous, there\222s no actual )Tj 25.355 0 Td (rules that you can )Tj -25.355 -1.14 Td (put your finger on, then it gives them power, because everything becomes\ )Tj T* (mystified. So I feel that the sands are shifting beneath your feet, beca\ use there\222s )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (nothing to hold on to. It\222s like the rules for promotion and tenure.\ I think t)Tj 30.079 0 Td (hey are )Tj -30.079 -1.16 Td (very poorly laid out, at least in the ___, to manage. They say that we\222\ re trying to )Tj T* (be fair, so that we don\222t have these rigid standards. But you have t\ o have some )Tj T* (standards and some rules, so that people know what they are aiming at, s\ o that )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (whe)Tj (n they are denied, they can figure out what happened. If you don\222t h\ ave it, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (they can say, well but it was this case and that case, and you really ca\ n do )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (whatever you want. You can do whatever you want because there are no ru\ les. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (And I think that is what)Tj ( )Tj (goes on at this university. That\222s why this university is so )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (much worse than a lot of other universities. Because there are no rules\ \224\(Senior )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Additionally, participants referred to the existence of \223a double sta\ ndard\224 \(Senior )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (Women FG\). In )Tj (describing the qualifications necessary for promotion, one participant )Tj T* (remarked: \223And I think that speaks to what you were saying about prom\ otion ... I can see )Tj T* (the same qualifications for men and women, and yet somehow the man is vi\ ewed as )Tj T* (much more mature)Tj ( )Tj (and ready for promotion. Women are more [immature] in terms of )Tj T* (saying you\222re not quite ready yet. You don\222t have quite enough pu\ blications. You don\222t )Tj T* (have quite enough experience. And I think it is quite demoralizing\224 \ \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj 36.435 0 Td ( )Tj -33.435 -2.3 Td (One story re)Tj (vealed how normative practice sometimes supersedes written policy: )Tj 32.712 0 Td ( )Tj -32.712 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (I had a young woman faculty come to me and was very concerned, because, \ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (although there is a provision at the ____ school, that a woman can have \ a year\222s )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (extension, \(as also\) for the whole)Tj ( )Tj (university, when you had a baby. She felt the )Tj ET endstream endobj 37 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 38 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (20)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (environment was so non)Tj (-)Tj (accepting of that, that if she asked for the year\222s )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (extension, she would be viewed in a negative way. And so, just because \ )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (something is on the books, doesn\222t mean that the environment )Tj 25.079 0 Td (supports using that. )Tj -25.079 -1.14 Td (And I think that\222s real important. Just because it\222s on the books\ , doesn\222t mean it\222s )Tj T* (used in the way it\222s supposed to be used. \(Senior Women FG\))Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 611.28 Tm [(Shi)1(f)1(t)1(i)1(ng Sands)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 170.5708 611.28 Tm (: In addition to rules and policies being negotiable, standards sometim\ e)Tj 28.716 0 Td (s )Tj -35.43 -2.42 Td (are perceived as changing as women advance. One participant said \223Th\ ere was one )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (particular directorship that I had been involved in starting the program\ , and really wanted )Tj T* (to move into the directorship. When I became associate professor, it be\ came open)Tj 32.961 0 Td (, so I )Tj -32.961 -2.3 Td [(applied for it. And all of a sudden they said, no that\222s only for fu\ ll prof)-1(essors. So )]TJ T* (everything that used to be open to associate professors with tenure, now\ are only open to )Tj T* (full professors with tenure, because there was one woman with tenure wh)Tj 29.381 0 Td (o was an )Tj -29.381 -2.3 Td (associate\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.003 Tc -0.002 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 359.52 Tm [(I)1(s)1(s)1(ue)1(s)1( of)2( M)-2(e)1(nt)2(or)1(i)2(ng and Pr)1(of)2(e)1(s)1(s)1(i)2(onal)2( D)-1(e)1(ve)1(l)2(opm)-1(e)1(nt)2( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.014 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 357.36 302.88 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 345.36 Tm ( )Tj T* (Focus group participants spoke about the lack of mentoring and professio\ nal )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (development received by women faculty members on the ǿմý campus, and th\ e nature )Tj T* (of the)Tj ( )Tj (complex mentoring relationship among junior women and senior women facul\ ty. )Tj 35.243 0 Td ( )Tj -35.243 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 206.4 Tm [(In)-1(ad)-1(eq)-1(u)-1(ate S)-1(oci)1(al)1(i)1(zati)1(on)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 226.8745 206.4 Tm (: As discussed earlier, women participants at all levels )Tj -11.406 -2.42 Td (addressed the lack of mentoring and socialization with respect to receiv\ ing inadequate )Tj T* (informati)Tj (on about unspoken rules, not being taught how to negotiate or engage in \ self)Tj 34.271 0 Td (-)Tj -34.271 -2.3 Td (promotion, and the lack of awareness of or being excluded from side deal\ s. \223I feel like )Tj T* (there\222s this system that is more likely to take these men under their\ wings. I\222ve seen it)Tj 34.603 0 Td (. )Tj ET endstream endobj 39 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 40 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (21)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (They take men under their wings, and they give them the inside scoop, an\ d they \221Mentor )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (them\222, tell them what they need to have to do or put you on this pape\ r, and I just don\222t see )Tj T* (that happening with the women\224 \(Junior Women FG\). Additionally, so\ me par)Tj 31.355 0 Td (ticipants )Tj -31.355 -2.3 Td (felt that the different styles that men and women have of relating to ot\ hers can serve as an )Tj T* (obstacle to mentoring and learning \(Admin. FG\).)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 542.16 Tm [(R)-1(ol)1(e E)-1(x)1(pectati)1(ons of Seni)1(or W)-2(om)-1(en Facul)1(ty)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 335.1655 542.16 Tm (: The role expectations held of senior )Tj -20.43 -2.42 Td (women faculty to serve a)Tj (s mentors to junior women, and the complex relationship )Tj T* (between senior and junior women, was brought up in multiple focus groups\ . Junior )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (women faculty commented on the lack of women in senior positions to serv\ e as mentors )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (for juniors. Others viewed senio)Tj (r faculty women as \223anti)Tj (-)Tj (role models \205 women who )Tj T* (had survived such a brutalizing system that they \205 were crusty. They\ had war scars\224 )Tj T* (\(Junior Women FG\). One junior woman, referred to senior women as bein\ g completely )Tj T* (overworked and overwhelmed by service a)Tj (nd teaching responsibilities after receiving )Tj T* (tenure, and hence, that they were not positive role models for a balance\ d life: )Tj 31.1 0 Td ( )Tj -28.1 -2.3 Td (But the other comment I would like to make about the few full professor \ women )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (that I know, and one of my colleagues is one of them)Tj (, and she\222s wonderful, is I )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (think they get terribly overwhelmed and it scares the heck out of me bec\ ause I )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (look at what I do now as an assistant professor and I think, God, if I d\ o get tenure, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (look at all the extra work that you then have to take on. And )Tj 24.549 0 Td (maybe at the full )Tj -24.549 -1.16 Td (level, especially because there are so few women at the full level, I th\ ink they )Tj T* (need a representative, and if you\222re a minority, you know for God\222\ s sakes, you\222re )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (going to end up on every single one where they need a minority perspecti\ ve )Tj 30.546 0 Td (at a )Tj -30.546 -1.14 Td (full professor level. I worry about that )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (that the workload gets just astronomical )Tj T* (\205 And maybe that\222s why they don\222t reach back and make common ca\ use with )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (other women because they\222re just so freaking overwhelmed by all of th\ e other )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (responsibilities.)Tj ( )Tj (\(Junior Women FG\) )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 41 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 42 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (22)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(T)-1(h)-1(e E)-1(xp)-1(erien)-1(ce of S)-1(en)-1(ior W)-3(om)-2(en)-1( F)-1(acu)-1(lty A)-1(s M)-2(en)-1(tors)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 390.0346 707.76 Tm (: While senior women in )Tj -25.003 -2.42 Td (the administrative focus group and in both senior women focus groups rep\ orted that they )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (feel overloaded and overburdened with service responsibilities, they rev\ e)Tj 29.24 0 Td (aled that they )Tj -29.24 -2.3 Td (feel an obligation to serve as mentors to junior women, )Tj 22.301 0 Td ( )Tj -19.301 -2.3 Td (I\222ve been around the university quite a few years, and when I started\ there were )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (very few women to mentor me. And I really feel like the male faculty ha\ d )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (opportunities to talk about h)Tj (ow to plan their life. What issues would come up. I )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (think that for women the issues are very different, and even though I ma\ y have )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (had some \205 there may have been some men who could have some of that, \ they )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (could not be helpful. And some of the men didn\222t )Tj (even know how to be helpful. )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (They didn\222t know how to begin some conversation. So you must have se\ nior )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (women in order to mentor junior women. \(Senior Women FG\))Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (One senior woman said that, \223junior women in my field are mentored ma\ inly by other )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (women, alt)Tj (hough there are some men who reach out to them\224 \(Senior Women FG\). \ )Tj 33.852 0 Td ( )Tj -30.852 -2.3 Td (Senior women also pointed to their own lack of mentors: \223As we said b\ efore, we )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (don\222t have a lot of senior mentors, and some of us who are now senior\ , didn\222t have )Tj T* (female mentors. Or just d)Tj (idn\222t even have mentors\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj 29.243 0 Td ( )Tj -29.243 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 290.64 Tm [(H)-2(i)1(era)-1(rch)-1(i)1(ca)-1(l)1(,)1( E)-1(l)1(i)1(ti)1(st S)-1(tru)-1(ctu)-1(re)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.876 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 288.48 179.28 0.24 re f BT /TT1 1 Tf 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 274.32 Tm ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 260.16 Tm (Focus group participants described ǿմý as a hierarchy)Tj 23.021 0 Td (-)Tj (driven and elitist )Tj -26.021 -2.3 Td (institution. The elitist nature of the institution was brought out by p\ articipants in the )Tj T* (following wa)Tj (ys: the existence of a pervasive deference to rank within the hierarchy;\ too )Tj T* (few women faculty members at the full professor rank and in high level a\ dministrative )Tj T* (positions; rank privilege accrues to male faculty but not to female facu\ lty; and diversity is)Tj 35.936 0 Td ( )Tj -35.936 -2.3 Td (not valued. )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 43 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 44 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (23)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(R)-1(ank Pri)1(vi)1(l)1(ege)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 172.6846 707.76 Tm (: Participants referred to the deference given to high)Tj 20.826 0 Td (-)Tj (ranking members: )Tj -27.716 -2.42 Td (full professors have inordinate power and influence. Rank was determined\ to be more \(or )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (as\) important a factor as gender in faculty)Tj 16.688 0 Td (-)Tj (staff interactions and)Tj ( )Tj (other university practices )Tj -16.688 -2.3 Td (\(Admin. FG\). The university was described as a \223star system\224 wi\ th privileges being )Tj T* (lavished on \223senior stars\224 \(Junior Women FG\). Adjuncts and non)Tj (-)Tj (tenure)Tj (-)Tj (track )Tj T* (instructors, who are often women, are treated as a secondary facult)Tj 26.712 0 Td (y group: \223I think there )Tj -26.712 -2.3 Td (is also a use of instructors \205 an instructor kind of no)Tj (-)Tj (movement job, and those tend to be )Tj T* (women. My experience is that they tend to be women, and so there is not\ opportunity for )Tj T* (promotion, unless of course you would compete for a )Tj (tenure track job\224 \(Senior Women )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 402 Tm [(T)-1(oo F)-1(ew)-2( W)-3(om)-2(en)-1( in)-1( T)-1(op)-1( A)-1(cad)-1(em)-2(ic an)-1(d)-1( A)-1(d)-1(m)-2(in)-1(istrative P)-1(osition)-1(s)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 446.7954 402 Tm (: Participants )Tj -29.733 -2.42 Td (in almost every focus group pointed to the lack of senior women and the \ consequences of )Tj T* (this dearth. \223The senior woman faculty person is a rar)Tj 21.744 0 Td (e animal. We know particularly in )Tj -21.744 -2.3 Td (our university we have more women as a percentage, but over the years th\ e percentage of )Tj T* (senior faculty persons, women, has decreased. So they\222re rare\224 \(\ Junior Women FG\). )Tj T* (Another participant described her school as havin)Tj 19.827 0 Td (g \223zero full women\224 \(Junior Women )Tj -19.827 -2.3 Td (FG\). In one interchange, junior women professors were asked, \223How d\ o you see senior )Tj T* [(women?)1( Do you see them as mentors?)1(\224 Their responses to this question were, \223Do you )]TJ T* [(see them at all?)1(\224 and \223We saw them at lunchtime for )]TJ 21.353 0 Td (a little while, if only at a table next )Tj -21.353 -2.3 Td (to us\224 \(Junior Women FG\).)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (The university itself was described as follows \223This is a gendered hi\ erarchy. The )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (bottom of the hierarchy is more heavily feminine and the top of the hier\ archy is much )Tj ET endstream endobj 45 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 46 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (24)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (more masculine. And w)Tj (hat happens is the benefits and resources accrue to those who )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (have the quote/unquote real positions\224 \(Junior Women FG\). A senior\ woman faculty )Tj T* (member said, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (In my department, we have a number of women at the associate level, and \ very )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (few at the full profe)Tj (ssor, so I think you get stuck in a way, at the associate level. )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (And part of that is that they could be worn out from getting to that poi\ nt for a year )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (or two. I think that it also, then, is that you end up having more resp\ onsibilities )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (\205 Many more things t)Tj (hat come to your plate. You don\222t have that same type of )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (support structure, or review structure, or mentorship structure. And I \ thought that )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (was very helpful. But very few women get promoted to full professor, in\ my )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (experience, in my department. Maybe )Tj 15.661 0 Td (it\222s more amorphous. It\222s vaguer, it\222s )Tj -15.661 -1.16 Td (more vague as to what you need to do to get to that [full professor] poi\ nt. \(Senior )Tj T* (Women FG\) )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (The struggle to find senior women mentors and senior women to serve on c\ ommittees, )Tj T* (particularly \223senior committees\224 suc)Tj (h as promotion and tenure committees, was also )Tj T* (noted in the Administrative FG. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Additionally, participants pointed to the dearth of women in senior admi\ nistrative )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (positions within the university. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (It feels just a little bit intimidating to go to a meetin)Tj 20.636 0 Td (g and look around, and on the )Tj -20.636 -1.14 Td (walls there is not one woman\222s picture. When you look at all the hig\ h)Tj 28.077 0 Td (-)Tj (ranking )Tj -28.077 -1.16 Td (people who have been in this room before. Then you wonder, what am I do\ ing )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (here, and will there ever be a picture up there of somebody who looks l)Tj 28.463 0 Td (ike me, )Tj -28.463 -1.16 Td [(and represents my gender?)1( And it doesn\222t look like it, the way I look at this )]TJ T* (university. \(Senior Women FG\))Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Another participant explicitly referred to the lack of women in top admi\ nistrative )Tj T* (positions as follows, \223We need more female administrato)Tj 22.939 0 Td (rs, We need deans that are )Tj -22.939 -2.3 Td (women. We need [a female] administrative provost\224 \(Senior Women FG\)\ . )Tj 30.435 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 47 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 48 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (25)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.002 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(I)1(nt)1(e)1(r)1(a)1(c)1(t)1(i)2(o)1(n o)1(f)1( Ra)1(nk a)1(nd Ge)1(nde)1(r)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 269.1182 707.76 Tm (: Participants indicated that the intersection between )Tj -14.927 -2.42 Td (gender and rank magnifies inequalities \(Admin. FG\). One junior woman \ )Tj 29.466 0 Td (faculty member )Tj -29.466 -2.3 Td (said, \223It\222s hard for me to separate gender and position except tha\ t a male colleague who )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (came in with very similar credentials to mine in terms of experience in \ the community )Tj T* (has been treated very differently\224 \(Junior Women FG\). There is a )Tj 26.685 0 Td (disproportionate )Tj -26.685 -2.3 Td (segregation of women in instructor positions \(Junior Women FG, Senior W\ omen FG\). )Tj T* (Women faculty members also referred to the conflation of status and gend\ er when they )Tj T* (described frequent attributions being made of their looking too young, o\ )Tj 28.855 0 Td (r being mistaken )Tj -28.855 -2.3 Td (for students \(Junior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.28 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.002 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 429.6 Tm [(I)1(nt)1(e)1(r)1(l)2(o)1(c)1(ki)2(ng)1( I)1(ne)1(qua)1(l)2(i)2(t)1(i)2(e)1(s)1(:)1( The)1( I)1(nt)1(e)1(r)1(a)1(c)1(t)1(i)2(o)1(n o)1(f)1( Ge)1(nde)1(r)1( w)-1(i)2(t)1(h Ra)1(c)1(e)1(,)2( Se)1(x)2(ua)1(l)2( )]TJ 0.001 Tc 0 Tw 0 -2.315 TD [(O)-1(ri)1(en)-1(tati)1(on)-1(, an)-1(d)-1( S)-1(oci)1(oecon)-1(om)-1(i)1(c S)-1(tatu)-1(s)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 305.2236 399.6 Tm (: ǿմý was described by some participants )Tj -17.935 -2.42 Td (as an academic environment characterized by pervasive )Tj 22.516 0 Td (racism, heterosexism, and class)Tj 12.58 0 Td (-)Tj -35.096 -2.3 Td (ism. ǿմý\222s historical pattern of not being open to studies of equit\ y was noted in the )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Administrative FG. The lack of formal organizational mechanisms for sen\ sitivity )Tj T* (training of faculty members and top administrators was )Tj 22.384 0 Td (remarked on in the Senior )Tj -22.384 -2.3 Td (Women FG. Other participants expressed dissatisfaction with the lack of\ diversity at the )Tj T* (university, and the lack of appreciation of diversity, on many fronts. \ \223There is just a lack )Tj T* (of diversity on the campus as a whole and amon)Tj (g the faculty, and there is just no feeling )Tj T* (that it needs to be addressed. It\222s the same)Tj (-)Tj (old, same)Tj (-)Tj (old all of the time \(Senior Women )Tj T* (FG\). \223I think there is rampant racism on campus, subtle and unsubtl\ e, and it takes many )Tj T* (forms. Actual differences by rac)Tj (e, ethnic background, whether you are an immigrant or )Tj ET endstream endobj 49 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 50 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (26)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (not. If you are an oriental or not, and these things are felt in blatan\ t ways, in subtle ways. )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (They\222re very debilitating as well\224 \(Senior Women FG\).)Tj 22.215 0 Td ( )Tj -19.215 -2.3 Td (One faculty member spoke to the issue of racism, \223I)Tj 20.828 0 Td ( )Tj (feel that I\222m one of the )Tj -23.828 -2.3 Td (oppressed by virtue of not only my sex but my race here at the universit\ y. And that\222s not )Tj T* (been my experience in all the other places that I\222ve ever lived \205 \ Maybe my style of )Tj T* (communicating isn\222t as respected across the university\224)Tj 22.271 0 Td ( )Tj (\(Junior Women FG\). The )Tj -22.271 -2.3 Td (pervasive heterosexism at ǿմý was brought out by a focus group particip\ ant who )Tj T* (pointed to the ongoing situation and demands facing lesbian faculty memb\ ers )Tj 31.244 0 Td ( )Tj -28.244 -2.3 Td (I\222m lesbian and one of the things I feel very clearly here is that it\ \222s no)Tj 27.908 0 Td (t a safe )Tj -27.908 -1.14 Td (place for lesbians to talk about being lesbian and to me that when you a\ sk about )Tj 0 -1.16 TD [(questions of \223is gender noticed?)1(\224 for me it is about both those things. It\222s about )]TJ 0 -1.14 TD (being a woman and being lesbian and what that means. And in my own scho\ ol I )Tj 0 -1.16 TD [(fe)1(e)1(l)1( )]TJ 1.749 0 Td (there\222s some flexibility around that but even there I\222m the design\ ated lesbian )Tj -1.749 -1.14 Td (which means that if somebody needs to hear from lesbians, they call on m\ e. \(___ )Tj T* (FG\))Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td (Finally, the university was described as having a distinct )Tj 22.884 0 Td ( )Tj -19.884 -2.3 Td (class)Tj 1.944 0 Td (-)Tj (orientation, very stratif)Tj 9.525 0 Td (ied. I don\222t know if it\222s because Case Western )Tj -11.469 -1.14 Td (Reserve University has a huge endowment and a huge dependency on its )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (development, but I\222ve always felt that, and maybe it\222s that I\222m\ in the area I\222m in. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Also that there\222s a weight given to status, a weight gi)Tj (ven to money, a weight )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (given to those kinds of power that sometimes good hard work and intellig\ ence )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (can\222t balance out. And I think women are often hard to come to that,\ unless you )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (are born to it or married into it, you have to work twice as hard someti\ mes)Tj 29.714 0 Td ( )Tj (to )Tj -29.714 -1.14 Td (obtain it. \(___ FG\) )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.003 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 210 Tm [(E)-1(x)1(peri)1(ence of)1( F)-1(acul)1(t)1(y D)-2(i)1(f)1(f)1(erent)1(i)1(at)1(ed by G)-2(ender)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 20.472 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 207.84 284.88 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 195.84 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Focus group participants were candid in sharing that their everyday expe\ riences at )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (ǿմý were influenced by their gender, as follows. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 51 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 52 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (27)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(W)-2(om)-1(en Facul)1(t)1(y\222)1(s Form)-1(al)1( and Inf)1(orm)-1(al)1( Int)1(eract)1(i)]TJ 0.001 Tc (ons)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 379.9546 707.76 Tm (: In general, women faculty )Tj -24.163 -2.42 Td (reported that they felt an ongoing burden \223to be more, maybe, care ta\ king in your )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (relationships with your colleagues or your staff or your students\224 \(\ Junior Women FG\).)Tj 34.633 0 Td ( )Tj -31.633 -2.3 Td (With Male Faculty)Tj (: Women focus group participants reporte)Tj (d feeling excluded )Tj ET 126 621.6 90.72 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 595.92 Tm (from the professional and social community of male academic members at C\ WRU. )Tj 33.825 0 Td ( )Tj -30.825 -2.3 Td (You don\222t know the ground rules. You can\222t play in the game until\ you know )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (them. And that\222s a lack across all these that I think women don\222t\ have the same )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (a)Tj (ccess to the mentoring as someone to give them the heads up and to say, \ you )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (know, This is our system, sister. Don\222t rock it or do rock it. If y\ ou rock it, rock it )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (in this way. And so it puts us at a disadvantage in a lot of circumstan\ ces. \(Junior )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Women )Tj (FG\) )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (One female participant addressed the insidious nature of exclusion in th\ e )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (following story, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (I\222m the only woman in the department, and I have several times found \ out, it )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (sounds sort of paranoid, that my male colleagues will go out to lunch to\ gether, )Tj 31.661 0 Td (or )Tj -31.661 -1.14 Td (they have all had dinner together. Which they have every right to do, b\ ut that )Tj T* (means that the [number deleted] of them have gone out and I haven\222t, \ and the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (only reason I hear about it is that, in another meeting they\222ll say, \ We decided that )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (you\222re gonn)Tj (a do this, and you\222re gonna \205 Not about me, but about each other. \ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (They\222ve cut up the pie already, and there\222s none left. I say, Guy\ s, maybe )Tj 0 -1.16 TD [(sometime when you have lunch, I could come?)1( They say, Oh sure. We didn\222t )]TJ 0 -1.14 TD (know you wanted to have lunch. But the)Tj (n they never ask, and I really hate to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (creep around the halls to look and see who\222s going out. You can legi\ slate who )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (people have lunch with, but there\222s a lot of pal)Tj (-)Tj (ing, or you know strengthening \205 )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (male bonding that goes on without [women]. \(Senior Women)Tj 24.579 0 Td ( )Tj (FG\) )Tj ( )Tj -24.579 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (With regard to exclusion from the social community, a participant said, \ \223I know )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (of at least two women who have left the university because it was like a\ monastery, )Tj T* (because it was so unfriendly, and the environment \205 they didn\222t fa\ ncy wanting to be i)Tj 34.603 0 Td (n a )Tj -34.603 -2.3 Td (job where it was so completely unsocial. They were so completely uninvi\ ted\224 \(Junior )Tj T* (Women FG\). Going on to describe the situation of another woman faculty\ member, who )Tj ET endstream endobj 53 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 54 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (28)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (on first being in the job held a couple of dinner parties at her home an\ d invited a)Tj 32.131 0 Td (ll the )Tj -32.131 -2.3 Td (male faculty, this participant said, )Tj 14.052 0 Td ( )Tj -11.052 -2.3 Td (after that, the men just didn\222t know how to deal with that. Some of \ them didn\222t )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (show, of course, to the parties. She had a couple of parties that they \ just didn\222t )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (show, men didn\222t show to, of course, right fr)Tj (om the beginning. And she wasn\222t )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (subsequently invited to parties that the men, you know dinner parties, t\ hey would )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (invite the assistant professor males to dinner parties with their wives,\ you know, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (but she was never invited \205 There was no sense of communi)Tj (ty whatsoever. And )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (I think that part of that is because it\222s so male. You don\222t neces\ sarily get invited )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (into the male community. \(Junior Women FG\))Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (In describing their daily interactions with male colleagues, women facul\ ty )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (members described an environment)Tj ( )Tj (where they were afraid to speak out until they )Tj T* (received tenure, for fear of being \223viewed as ungrateful\224 or \223l\ abeled as troublemakers\224 )Tj T* (by their male colleagues \(Senior Women FG\). Additionally, they report\ ed their )Tj T* (interactions with male faculty as being c)Tj (haracterized by \223very discounting behavior\224 and )Tj T* (\223intentional exclusion\224 \(Senior Women FG\), \223male unreasonable\ ness wins\224 \(Senior )Tj T* (Women FG\), incivility, lack of respect, and rudeness by male faculty to\ ward women )Tj T* (faculty, including \223pitch fits, screaming and )Tj 17.83 0 Td (yelling\224 \(Senior Women FG\).)Tj ( )Tj -16.33 -2.3 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td (With Students)Tj (: Women faculty members reported feeling differentially treated by )Tj ET 126 292.8 68.4 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 267.12 Tm (students as compared to their male colleagues. Many reported that male \ faculty members )Tj T* (get instant respect from students, whereas female faculty )Tj 22.965 0 Td (members don\222t. As one )Tj -22.965 -2.3 Td (participant said, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (It never fails to surprise me how often the residents will say to a male\ faculty )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (member, Doctor, to a female faculty, first name. I think there\222s som\ ething very )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (telling in that. Now, when I called out a resident )Tj 19.8 0 Td (on that once, using my first )Tj -19.8 -1.14 Td (name, he said, \223But, I think of you not just as a faculty, but a frie\ nd. Well, yeah, )Tj T* (but I don\222t think so.\224 I think [he was] much quicker to feel that\ the male has a )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (little bit more authority, or just wouldn\222t presume to call)Tj 22.552 0 Td ( )Tj (that male by his first )Tj -22.552 -1.16 Td (name\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -1.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 55 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 56 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (29)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (These feelings of differential expectations from students were supported\ by a member of )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (the Administrative FG, \223I\222ve read course evaluations in which, for\ the women, they )Tj T* (would put \221she shouldn\222t wear sle)Tj (eveless dresses,\222 and I\222ve never seen somebody make a )Tj T* (comment on attire to a male, even some of the more slovenly dressed of o\ ur male )Tj T* (colleagues.\224 )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women faculty recognized that students expect nurturance from women facu\ lty )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (and are upset when they don\222t r)Tj (eceive it, resent high standards from women faculty, )Tj T* (subject women faculty members to more criticism, from grades issued to c\ lothes worn, )Tj T* (and are more aggressively confrontational toward women faculty than towa\ rd male )Tj T* (faculty. One participant said, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (What )Tj (I find is that if I treat them in a nurturing way, they respond to me be\ tter. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (And it undermines the sort of professional things. You know, I was worki\ ng with )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (another woman in my department, and she wasn\222t willing to play the ga\ me. She )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (insisted they call h)Tj (er Professor X. I let them call me F, by my first name and it )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (created a whole different dynamic. And yet, they respond very well to m\ e and not )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (so well to her. And it was huge, well, that\222s all I have to say. Bu\ t I saw right in )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (front of my eyes what dem)Tj (anding respect from men could do. It was a huge )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (lesson for me in my first years here )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (that if you just would be like them, buddy)Tj (-)Tj 0 -1.16 TD (buddy, you could get along, but if you demanded respect, demanded that y\ ou be )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (called Professor F, demanded high standards, et)Tj (c., etc., like I feel the men can do )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (\205\224 \(Junior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (One participant said, \223If you don\222t play into it [a nurturing role\ ], you\222re a bitch\224 \(Junior )Tj T* (Women FG\), while another noted that \223Students are far less challengi\ ng of senior faculty, )Tj T* (particularl)Tj (y male senior faculty, who speak with louder voices \205\224 \(Junior Wo\ men FG\). )Tj T* (Still another participant acknowledged, )Tj 15.967 0 Td ( )Tj -12.967 -2.3 Td (I feel like students treat me differently, and it took me a while to fig\ ure out the )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (role that I was supposed to play in the classroom, how I)Tj ( )Tj (was going to get the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (teaching ratings that I knew that I had to get. I don\222t find that I \ have initial )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (respect right off the bat like I believe that I\222ve seen students trea\ t the male )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (assistant professors. And I think that they expect this nurturance. I \ )Tj 27.244 0 Td (have a lot of )Tj ET endstream endobj 57 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 58 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (30)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (students come to my office and argue with me about grades in a sort of )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (threatening manner. And I am certain that they\222re not doing that wit\ h the )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (assistant male professors. And if you\222re not willing to play that ro\ le, I don\222t know )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (how )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (my f)Tj (antasy is that post tenure I don\222t have to play that role any more. \ And )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (I look forward to that\224 \(Junior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Women students place a particular burden of expectations on women facult\ y members, )Tj T* (expecting them to be their confidants and champions. )Tj 21.883 0 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj -18.883 -2.3 Td (With Staff)Tj 4.194 0 Td (: Women faculty members reported preferential treatment of male )Tj ET 126 555.12 50.4 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 529.44 Tm (faculty by support staff. One participant shared a story of the unequal \ application of a )Tj T* (service offered to male and female faculty by departmental secretaries, \ )Tj 28.571 0 Td ( )Tj -25.571 -2.3 Td (\205 for example, we )Tj (were told we had to go to the bookstore ourselves to get our )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (materials, whereas the secretaries went for men. It wasn\222t until two\ years later )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (when we discovered that the secretaries were doing this, that we demande\ d this )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (power as well, and have to coach j)Tj 13.773 0 Td (unior women, because it\222s basically, not told to )Tj -13.773 -1.14 Td (them before, that they were doing that, and so there is this lack of com\ munication )Tj T* (of the norms. \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Another participant addressed this issue as \223I think female faculty o\ ften get )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (treated di)Tj (fferently by secretaries [than male faculty]. I\222ve seen secretaries \ [say], \221I\222m not )Tj T* (doing it for her\222. Her. It has something to do with women, I think,\ women being )Tj T* (competitive with women or something. They\222d be much happier doing it\ for him\224 )Tj T* (\(Senior Wo)Tj (men FG\). )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td (One participant also reported inappropriate treatment of staff by male f\ aculty, )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (including observing the \223abusive\224, \223trivializing\224 and \223de\ meaning\224 treatment of support )Tj T* (staff by male faculty members without any reprisals or sanctions for thi\ s una)Tj 30.661 0 Td (cceptable )Tj -30.661 -2.3 Td (behavior \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 59 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 60 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (31)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(E)-1(veryd)-1(ay, R)-1(ou)-1(tin)-1(e P)-1(roced)-1(u)-1(res th)-1(at A)-1(re D)-1(etrim)-2(en)-1(tal to W)-3(om)-2(en)-1(\222s )]TJ -0.001 Tw 0 -2.315 TD [(E)-1(xp)-1(erien)-1(ces)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 157.1392 677.76 Tm (: Focus group participants described the gender)Tj 19.189 0 Td (-)Tj (specific application of )Tj -24.784 -2.4 Td (routine procedures that were detrimental to their everyday experiences)Tj 28.209 0 Td ( )Tj (as women faculty )Tj -28.209 -2.3 Td (members. For example, gender)Tj (-)Tj (unfriendly scheduling of classes is problematic for )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (women with young families \(Junior Women FG\), women are frequently assi\ gned to )Tj T* (committees that are not helpful for tenure and promotion \(Junior Women \ FG\), an)Tj 32.52 0 Td (d )Tj -32.52 -2.3 Td (promotion and tenure rules are vaguely defined and poorly explained to w\ omen \(Junior )Tj T* (Women FG, Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf T* ( )Tj 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 453.84 Tm [(C)-2(W)-4(R)-2(U)-2( C)-2(u)-1(l)1(tu)-1(re E)-1(xp)-1(eri)1(en)-1(ced)-1( a)-1(s E)-1(xcl)1(u)-1(si)1(o)-1(n)-1(a)-1(ry)-1( T)-1(o)-1(w)-3(a)-1(rd)-1(s W)-4(o)-1(m)-3(en)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 27.099 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 451.68 377.28 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 439.68 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj T* (Focus group participants experienced the overall climate at ǿմý to be )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (exclusionar)Tj (y \(Junior Women FG, Senior Women FG\), unfriendly \(Senior Women FG\), \ )Tj T* (marginalizing \(Senior Women FG\), separated \(Senior Women FG\), tough \ and isolating )Tj T* (for women \(Admin. FG\), unwelcoming \(Junior Women FG\), silencing \(Se\ nior Women )Tj T* (FG\), insidious \(Senior Women)Tj ( )Tj (FG\), tense \(Men FG\), and psychologically debilitating )Tj T* (\(Senior Women FG\). They described the environment as one where women\222\ s issues are )Tj T* (invisible \(Senior Women FG\), where a double standard exists \(Junior W\ omen FG\), and )Tj T* (which is characterized by a pervasi)Tj (ve sense of fear \(Junior Women FG, Senior Women )Tj T* (FG\). The treatment of women was described as unintentional \(passive\)\ discrimination )Tj T* (and benign neglect \(Senior Women FG\). Women faculty described themsel\ ves as )Tj T* (disconnected \(Junior Women FG\), outsiders \(Jun)Tj (ior Women FG, Senior Women FG\), )Tj T* (and survivors \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 61 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 62 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (32)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 707.76 Tm [(U)-1(nw)-2(el)1(com)-1(i)1(ng C)-1(om)-1(m)-1(uni)1(ty for W)-2(om)-1(en)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 301.9673 707.76 Tm (: The university was described as a \223techie, )Tj -17.664 -2.42 Td (male)Tj (-)Tj (dominated, male)Tj (-)Tj (oriented, medical kind of place\224 \(Junior Women FG\). One )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (participant spoke about her treatm)Tj (ent vis)Tj (-)Tj (a)Tj (-)Tj (vis another male faculty member, \223what I see )Tj T* (right now is the image of a man who is my peer at our school who has kid\ s, whose wife is )Tj T* (a full)Tj (-)Tj (time homemaker. He, by the way, is in a department which has outright s\ aid, \(it\222s )Tj T* (not a million miles aw)Tj 8.943 0 Td (ay from my department\), outright said, \221We don\222t like women. We )Tj -8.943 -2.3 Td (don\222t like hiring women because it would bring the salary down\222\224\ \(Junior Women FG\). )Tj 35.492 0 Td ( )Tj -32.492 -2.3 Td (The championing of women\222s concerns by women faculty was seen to be )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (unfavorably regarded by those in autho)Tj (rity. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.28 Td (I really do think there is a need to be able to meet more women across t\ he )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (faculties, to learn more about the strategies that women use to be succe\ ssful. I\222ve )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (always felt that of all the institutions I\222ve been at, Case is a very\ , very difficult )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (one)Tj ( )Tj (to have that happen. There seems to be things that are said about not g\ etting )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (together with women. Messages that come from different departments, tha\ t I\222ve )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (heard people say \205 the lack of encouragement of women to women dialog\ ue, I )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (think, gets in the way)Tj (. )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (This same person gave the following story about her participation on wom\ en)Tj 30.743 0 Td (-)Tj -33.743 -2.3 Td (related university committees, )Tj 12.33 0 Td ( )Tj -9.33 -2.3 Td (You just reminded me that back in 1990, I was appointed to the President\ \222s )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Commission on the Status of Women, and I did that, and was active on )Tj 28.663 0 Td (the )Tj -28.663 -1.16 Td (Women\222s Faculty Association. And when I came up for my third year re\ view, my )Tj T* (department chair wrote in my letter that he was advising me that I shoul\ d remove )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (myself from those kinds of activities on campus, because it\222s creatin\ g a )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (perception of the ki)Tj (nd of woman I was, that would not fit well in the image of the )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (others in the school, and he didn\222t see where that was in my best car\ eer interest. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (He was really saying, in a way, he was trying to help me hear what he fe\ lt I )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (needed to do, because he was a su)Tj (pporter of mine. It was just sad that I was being )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (told that if I keep being labeled as being involved with things about wo\ men, that )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (in fact, it would have a detrimental effect on my being able to get tenu\ re. And I )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (did withdraw from those things until I g)Tj (ot tenure, and then getting back to them )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (again, after. But unfortunately, I had to lose my sole feeling of being \ understood )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (and social support through connection with very interesting women from t\ he )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (medical school, from history, from theater, from wherever)Tj 23.327 0 Td (, that made me feel \205 )Tj ET endstream endobj 63 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 64 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (33)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (not about activism or radicalism, but being a human being with a differe\ nt set of )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (life circumstances. But I was only in my third year, and I really did w\ ant to stay, )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (and so I did what it took to be able to stay. \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj 26.218 0 Td ( )Tj -26.218 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Sometimes women faculty are slapped down for standing up for themselves:\ )Tj 30.855 0 Td ( )Tj -30.855 -2.3 Td (At a departmental Christmas party, they put up a cartoon of me as Lucy V\ an Pelt, )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (and I think that was sort of a classic caricature of, you know, a female\ coming to )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (an all)Tj (-)Tj (male depar)Tj (tment, and kind of standing up for themselves, voicing their )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (opinions, and in my case, perceived that way. Whereas for a male, that \ might be )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (the normal way to be, so to speak. I think it\222s changed in the time \ I\222ve been there. )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (We have a lot of women in m)Tj (y department, actually. I think we\222ve seen it a lot in )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (the university environment. Females who sort of just stand up for thems\ elves )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (sometimes also get slapped down for that. \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 473.28 Tm [(M)-1(ar)1(gi)1(nal)1(i)1(z)1(i)1(ng and D)-1(i)1(sc)1(ount)1(i)1(ng of)1( W)-2(om)-1(e)1(n)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 323.3018 473.28 Tm (: Women faculty repo)Tj (rted that their )Tj -19.442 -2.42 Td (voices are not heard or valued by their male colleagues. One junior wom\ an described her )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (experience in faculty research forums as follows, )Tj 19.882 0 Td ( )Tj -16.882 -2.3 Td (And I was treated very differently [than a male junior faculty member wh\ o joined )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (the university at t)Tj (he same time]. But in faculty forums or in meetings where )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (research was being discussed, there were at least differences I experien\ ced in the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (receptivity of other faculty to the kinds of things that he would talk a\ bout versus )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (what I had talked about and we)Tj ( )Tj (both do qualitative research so it\222s not about that. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (It\222s just \205 my experience is really a perception of difference. W\ hether it was a )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (real difference, I don\222t know, but it felt real to me. \(Junior Women\ FG\). )Tj 29.242 0 Td ( )Tj -32.242 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Another participant commented, )Tj 13.218 0 Td ( )Tj -10.218 -2.3 Td (I think wo)Tj (men are marginalized. Our contributions are not given as much weight. \ )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (This can be subtle and very unsubtle in faculty meetings, women are not \ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (recognized to speak as much as men. This can be in public seminars, in \ front of )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (students, or if the woman says )Tj (something, there isn\222t a [response] or a comment )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (made back, so in a sense it is ignored. Anything we do somehow doesn\222\ t weigh )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (as much as what men do, and I think that can be very psychologically deb\ ilitating )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (for women. \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Yet another no)Tj (ted that the situation in some areas is extremely difficult for women at\ )Tj T* (ǿմý: )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 65 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 66 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (34)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (I\222m glad that Participant H is here as a representative of a continge\ nt of our )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (university where there are particular problems for women. ___ is a par\ ticular )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (department or sch)Tj (ool where women have over the years told very frightening, I )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (hate to say, tales, recounts of things that have happened to them. Ther\ e\222s a )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (faculty woman there now, another [___ scientist], who has been treated t\ ruly )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (disrespectfully, and she\222s not alone. S)Tj (he\222s just an example. \(Junior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (A senior woman participant said, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Sometimes it is difficult to be that token woman on a committee. It is \ easy to )Tj T* (discount one voice. It\222s often easier to discount a woman\222s voice\ . I think many )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (of us have had )Tj (the experience where we may make a statement, and then a few )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (minutes later, a male on that committee will make that same statement, a\ nd that )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (time it gets picked up. Now, very few other comments need to be made tw\ ice, but )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (oftentimes, it\222s the female commen)Tj 14.135 0 Td (t that doesn\222t get picked up the first time. So )Tj -14.135 -1.16 Td (when you are, or when I am the only woman on a large committee, it is I \ think, a )Tj T* (little more difficult. So I often feel as if I\222m representing myself\ , I\222m representing )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (women. \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 418.08 Tm [(In)-1(vi)1(si)1(b)-1(l)1(e )]TJ 0.002 Tc [(a)1(n)1(d)1( )1(Ba)1(c)1(k)1(s)1(t)2(a)1(g)1(e)1( )1(W)-1(o)1(r)1(k)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 257.229 418.08 Tm (: Women faculty are called on to undertake work that )Tj -13.936 -2.42 Td (is largely invisible and unrewarded, including mentoring of students and\ junior faculty )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (and certain service assignments such as attending open houses and servin\ g on student )Tj T* (committees.)Tj ( )Tj (Women faculty were described as back stage, behind the scene, players )Tj T* (\(Mixed Gender, Mixed Rank FG\). One participant said, \223I think wome\ n do a lot more )Tj T* (nurturing labor, a lot more behind the scenes, invisible work. Sometime\ s that\222s little stuff )Tj T* (that no)Tj (body else wants to do, and that takes up a lot of time, and it doesn\222\ t get very )Tj T* (rewarded\224 \(Junior Women FG\). Another participant said, )Tj 23.437 0 Td ( )Tj -20.437 -2.3 Td (I think women faculty are asked to do things that men are not asked to d\ o.)Tj 29.604 0 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj (And I )Tj -29.604 -1.14 Td (think that it is often times visible )Tj (verses invisible work.)Tj ( )Tj ( )Tj (I think that women are )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (asked to do a lot of invisible work that is crucial to the educational p\ rogram, but )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (results in nothing shiny that you can put in vita at the end of the year\ , for which )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (you are promoted.)Tj ( )Tj ( )Tj (And to me, that is one)Tj ( )Tj (of the big differences to being a women )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (faculty member than being a male faculty member.)Tj 20.437 0 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj (And they\222re often times small )Tj -20.437 -1.16 Td (things, but the small things add up.)Tj ( )Tj ( )Tj (So you find that you are chairing a lot of )Tj T* (committees that maybe are important to the educational)Tj 22.242 0 Td ( )Tj (program, but are not big )Tj -22.242 -1.16 Td (committees.)Tj ( )Tj ( )Tj [(They are not committees that will get you any kind of)-1( research )]TJ ET endstream endobj 67 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (35)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (opportunity, or result in a publication or anything that has any transfe\ rability for )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (tenure or promotion. [Senior Women])Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Explaining why service work is a)Tj (ttractive to her, one junior woman said, )Tj 29.326 0 Td ( )Tj -29.326 -2.3 Td (There is one time when you do get a pat on the back and a smile from tho\ se )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (people and that is when you take on this nurturing role and do the commi\ ttee )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (work. For example, I get huge strokes for taking on lots of do)Tj (ctoral students. My )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (letter every year says, \221And you\222re just way beyond your years in \ the number of )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (doctoral students you take on, the committees you\222re on, blah, blah, \ blah.\222 So )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (those are the noticeable strokes I get. I think that the men don\222t ne\ cessar)Tj 28.879 0 Td (ily get )Tj -28.879 -1.16 Td (stroked for the same things but they get stroked. So what happens is th\ at I tend to )Tj T* (move in the direction of the strokes that I\222m getting. You know, and\ I see this )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (happening to the senior women, that, you know, senior in this case is th\ e )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (associat)Tj (e. They continue to move in the direction of the strokes they\222re get\ ting, )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (so \221Oh, you developed that new course. You took on that course overl\ oad.\222 It\222s )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (the only time they get any pat on the back whatsoever, is when they\222r\ e doing )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (some service thing. So)Tj ( )Tj (now you could say well they should say no to that service )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (work. But then you\222re constantly not getting any strokes or any reco\ gnition for )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (anything. And then, you\222ll really feel like you\222re in a monastery\ alone. And I )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (know I\222m exaggerating slightly but )Tj (I\222m just tired of people saying, \221Why don\222t )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (you just say no to that\222 when you don\222t realize that it\222s such \ a lonely place and )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (you want some affirmation. I\222m a human being\224 \(Junior Women FG\)\ . )Tj 28.688 0 Td ( )Tj -31.688 -1.16 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 348.96 Tm [(A)-1( D)-1(oubl)1(e Standard For M)-1(al)1(e and Fem)-1(al)1(e Facul)1(ty)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 365.5137 348.96 Tm (: Participants d)Tj (escribed the )Tj -22.959 -2.4 Td (existence of double standards in the treatment of male and female facult\ y. Women )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (faculty report themselves as subjected to stereotyping. A pervasive ste\ reotype of women )Tj T* (faculty is the \223nurturer\224 stereotype, as described earlier. One w\ oman c)Tj 28.405 0 Td (ommented, \221they )Tj -28.405 -2.3 Td (asked me to bake cookies last week. Really. For a conference\222 \(Sen\ ior Women FG\). )Tj T* (Another said that being \223forthright, outspoken, asks the difficult qu\ estion\224 did not fulfill )Tj T* (gender expectations, and resulted in attributions of being \223too)Tj 24.688 0 Td ( )Tj (assertive and too )Tj -24.688 -2.3 Td (aggressive in my behavior\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Women faculty who don\222t fit a female stereotype are caricaturized, la\ beled, and )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (disrespected. They are pressured to conform to the stereotype. )Tj 25.575 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 69 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 70 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (36)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm [(Do people notice gender?)1( They \205 make comme)]TJ (nts about particular kinds of )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (women not being the right kinds of women. We don\222t smile enough, and\ usually )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (that is a gender comment, about not smiling enough. We\222re supposed t\ o smile, )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (and so I do think it makes a difference in very subtle ways, but ways )Tj 27.661 0 Td (that make )Tj -27.661 -1.16 Td (you feel marginalized outside. Invisible. Being seen as disagreeable, \ when we )Tj T* (are merely trying to give a perspective that might be different cause yo\ u see some )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (things that people don\222t see. So the ability to be heard, and have f\ ull voice, is )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (often tempered, because you don\222t want to be \205 you don\222t want t\ o cause another )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (problem\224 \(Senior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (Participants also commented on the negative attitudes of male faculty to\ ward working )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (women. One participant said, \223I\222ve heard comments. I\222ve he)Tj 24.686 0 Td (ard anecdotal stories of )Tj -24.686 -2.3 Td (things that male faculty have said to women faculty, about their lack of\ commitment. )Tj T* (Just having them [kids] is perceived as a lack of commitment\224 \(Senio\ r Women FG\). )Tj T* (Another participant shared a story of her experience at a dinne)Tj 24.934 0 Td (r with male faculty )Tj -24.934 -2.3 Td (members and their wives, where working women were constantly put down \(\ Senior )Tj T* (Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Participants also brought out the notion that at ǿմý, leadership seems \ naturally )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (male, and that masculinity appears to lead to power, manifeste)Tj 24.964 0 Td (d in conscious and )Tj -24.964 -2.3 Td (unconscious ways \(Admin. FG\). )Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 90 252.48 Tm [(W)-2(om)-1(en C)-1(onst)1(ant)1(l)1(y Seen as F)1(al)1(l)1(i)1(ng Sh)1(ort)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 317.8872 252.48 Tm (: Women faculty members are perceived )Tj -18.991 -2.42 Td (as being judged more rigorously than men faculty are, and are seen as fa\ lling short. )Tj T* (Women faculty members feel a general lack o)Tj 18.409 0 Td (f affirmation and acknowledgement that )Tj -18.409 -2.3 Td (they are progressing and that they have unique intellectual and other co\ ntributions to )Tj T* (make. Additionally, as described earlier, women faculty are not seen as\ authorities or )Tj T* (experts in their fields, by students or by)Tj ( )Tj (their male faculty colleagues. )Tj 28.104 0 Td ( )Tj -28.104 -2.3 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 71 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 72 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (37)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 706.8 Tm [(S)-1(tru)-1(ctu)-1(ra)-1(l)1(/)1(O)-2(rg)-1(a)-1(n)-1(i)1(za)-1(ti)1(o)-1(n)-1(a)-1(l)1( Issu)-1(es)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.053 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 704.64 195.6 0.24 re f BT 0 0 1 scn /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 126 693.6 Tm ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 12 0 0 12 126 667.44 Tm (Focus group participants also attributed the negative experiences of wom\ en )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (faculty to structural features of ǿմý as an organization that is charac\ terized by inertia )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (and is not open to cha)Tj (nge. Lack of organizational responsiveness is aggravated by a )Tj T* (salary and benefit structure that is below the national average of compa\ rable institutions. )Tj T* (As one participant warned, \223It\222s just a very unhappy atmosphere no\ w, and with a lot of )Tj T* (people it all)Tj ( )Tj (relates to bitterness about the salary\224 [Men\222s Focus Group] )Tj 28.881 0 Td ( )Tj -25.881 -2.3 Td (Unsupportive administrators were described as another source of frustrat\ ion, )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (although concerns focused more on administrative culture and procedures \ than on )Tj T* (characteristics of specific individua)Tj (ls. Some participants raised issues surrounding a lack )Tj T* (of leadership and accountability, aggravated by little opportunity for r\ edress when faculty )Tj T* (encountered unfair practices. A participant in a Senior Women Faculty F\ ocus Group )Tj T* (explained that when \223you )Tj (go and you speak with the administrators, they shrug their )Tj T* (shoulders, pat you on the back, and they do absolutely nothing. It real\ ly sends the )Tj T* (messages that your complaints are trivial )Tj 16.606 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (deal with it.\224 Others spoke of collusion and )Tj -16.606 -2.3 Td (information control am)Tj (ong administrators, with a tendency to silence dissenting voices )Tj T* (and unfavorable views. \223All I\222m told is well if you say somethin\ g you\222ll be out of a )Tj T* (job,\224 one participant in the Mixed Rank, Mixed Gender Focus Group rep\ orted. )Tj 31.993 0 Td ( )Tj -28.993 -2.3 Td (A number of participants b)Tj (elieve that too little attention is directed toward faculty )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (development. The administrative posture is described by a member of the \ Mixed Gender, )Tj T* [(Mixed Rank Focus Group as \223How little can we give?)1(\224 rather than \223What does this )]TJ T* (person need to be happy and su)Tj [(ccessful in their job?)1(\224 Some participants suggested that )]TJ T* (lack of administrative support might also reflect a lack of understandin\ g of the ways in )Tj ET endstream endobj 73 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 74 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (38)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (which gender structures everyday experiences and perceptions, a criticis\ m that applies to )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (some women well as )Tj (some men. As one faculty in the Male Faculty Focus Group said, in )Tj T* (describing a woman who chairs a ǿմý department, \223We have a leader wh\ o doesn\222t )Tj T* (think in those [gender] terms. I think there are some times where gende\ r )Tj 29.352 0 Td (does)Tj ( )Tj (matter, but )Tj ET 442.32 624 22.08 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 598.32 Tm (she just doesn\222t fr)Tj (ame things in that way.\224 )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Finally, the theme of secrecy within private institutions was raised aga\ in. Private )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (institutions are seen as tolerating more discriminatory behavior under t\ he guise of )Tj T* (academic freedom. Flexibility in responding to what adminis)Tj 24.634 0 Td (trators perceive as unique )Tj -24.634 -2.3 Td (situations is interpreted more negatively by some focus group participan\ ts as a lack of )Tj T* (procedures guaranteeing equal treatment. As one participant in a Senior\ Women Faculty )Tj T* (Focus Group put it, \223The only thing that bothers me is)Tj 21.692 0 Td ( )Tj (that the university has no rules and )Tj -21.692 -2.3 Td (regulations for people in power. They seem to be doing whatever they wa\ nt. Nobody )Tj T* (can stop them.\224 Several participants related incidents where faculty\ approached a )Tj T* (member of the administration with a concern but rep)Tj 21.049 0 Td (orted getting what a member of a )Tj -21.049 -2.3 Td (Senior Women Faculty Focus Group described as \223this blank look, \221O\ h, it\222s all )Tj T* (confidential.\222\224 Another member of the same focus group responded\ , \223It\222s the attitude, )Tj T* (that it doesn\222t matter what people do, it\222s just more tro)Tj 21.801 0 Td (uble to deal with it than not, so )Tj -21.801 -2.3 Td (let\222s not deal with it.\224 )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 182.4 Tm [(D)-2(i)1(m)-3(en)-1(si)1(o)-1(n)-1(s o)-1(f In)-1(eq)-1(u)-1(a)-1(l)1(i)1(ty)-1(: U)-2(n)-1(fa)-1(i)1(r/)1(U)-2(n)-1(eq)-1(u)-1(a)-1(l)1( A)-2(ccess to)-1(/)1(A)-2(l)1(l)1(o)-1(ca)-1(ti)1(o)-1(n)-1( o)-1(f )]TJ ET 90 180.24 390.48 0.24 re f BT /TT1 1 Tf -0.002 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 166.32 Tm [(R)-2(eso)-1(u)-1(rces)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET 90 164.16 60.72 0.24 re f BT /TT2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 152.16 Tm ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf T* (An important dimension of inequality that emerged across the focus group\ s was )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (unequal and unfair access to and allocat)Tj (ion of resources. A key aspect of resource )Tj ET endstream endobj 75 0 obj <>stream H\U XTϹ `0bTPb[1h)!'iԪOSj-QkKTԨ1,hŹ=|mws;,Y^ɼWKb#KC0 3Pj>|9|}0 ޭFܞ*lG0Waw;'o\=V|A/r0ppFdR=b>/1 @D4 E(;X+w .Ԣɠ2w,1' [pX 6ztx(grX*5GAuQSS[~Fȸh6m.6W;NwJ0%I,X"\b}. B7pS#P2i6)|NzN26$Qz/|Oۀ8j#^cKi-cUF$j J7Q8֩|WrT->y܉7S4\LZ }O0̧c!4LphB7-#ٱ܋I5<]AeQ ޢގF5rI MTkeB}o}]`-uPGq[ԛkeF:=^6,t?ǧhTKn?BCy!h#q(P>4!"}3/^|_W4kv^2O*Eh0MN_.]Q2Y\~'m(^FCe9'*̩z;\)4܎dA1؃tfhgX%,Ca/''%0xޱ1ѽzwu{khHA;thקw/4bRi6WdˈǶN9p e˸l1ۏ%ErI&?L$ۆ`Hl-ns}h,t'\w< &lrm+Rsw=ewl j V8WpP8bw:-TD3ϕ9.+6!6E)SS\wE{D1㲤3-`&UugsNr)ŮTz#[Q!%aꂛYy׆E2`l \m%X t1ũSO M! HL;d@Lh5?NPHҗv[NU] t:}C>9瞵=GP<橍'X _R'B0 U_,%^oh1Aċq8 ui|R}3%p5@KRדؽ_unKw%u Q\Dzee^-pZ[(?`.0>! n*sMzvP̃i݃qWb& cK&a92=o|*XԶܛ[D<-me$sQKDmB7RϲoKV*-2]ѴJ})l[&L7W7?A!`i9 G&9sl!x$!''^˛t2-DNjЉ,bnJPpԋnѮqT>G#QFK<U bHddgh^ $l "Ykp1Iˢd~F:@r*HǑ!ِ< ڙG ed doF)V,8BP4e@)Oed 0Y vG"}{~sp ]zB.#(YlB@h/׻* a~!@%~PK쇖n=c?BJݙڑ y|O<^5 5O*  @ :t HJЙj9_t0˫ V  yAm`FO ce7sD I5K^zS&㩃 Ư[X\3āvQ<D x˖*&rEP=Y 3׳ZD`BtK촖dXmޅDmxX|Hg"{ſ w%Ny֣cq'G0Q ؑm]I9kXD\ ڴ2,htf g*V|`;DP+ᒮpnlA2T2~M$ 7k*iy\*{>stream h,͊@_.zc Q6 *!6q`&շ7vZ_Uw?Ar뾢Ɓ/7ݑ8- Eu3۸47fGw4J'2CNpF6p,~F4̆'ri,^29^jcVou'3Rt+'Bh]7&X82硙::k.V}VG endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 78 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (39)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (inequality involves salaries and compensation, but participants also des\ cribed other areas )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (in which resources were unfairly distributed, including purchase of libr\ ary materials, )Tj T* (assistance from teaching assistant)Tj (s, access to services from support staff, travel money, )Tj T* (and \223protected time.\224 Given the greater intrusion of family deman\ ds on women\222s time, )Tj T* (the lack of \223protected time\224 within the university context is part\ icularly problematic. )Tj T* (\223Men definitely get more )Tj (protected time,\224 a participant in a Senior Women Faculty Focus )Tj T* (Group insisted. \223They come in with more protected time. I don\222t \ know if they know )Tj T* (how to negotiate better than women do, or they\222re coached better, or \ mentored better.\224 )Tj 35.153 0 Td ( )Tj -32.153 -2.3 Td (Women faculty also d)Tj (escribed heavier workloads, including responsibilities that )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (impinge on research time. A number of participants commented on teachin\ g )Tj T* (responsibilities. One senior woman faculty member described allocation \ of teaching )Tj T* (responsibilities in her department in )Tj (the following manner: \223Women tend to do most of )Tj T* (the teaching, especially a lot of the core courses. There are many stud\ ents in these )Tj T* (courses and they take a lot of hand holding, and it takes an incredible \ amount of your )Tj T* (time.\224 In departments with gradua)Tj (te programs, male faculty often have greater )Tj T* (responsibility for graduate courses, while female faculty \223specialize\ \224 in undergraduate )Tj T* (teaching. \(Admin. FG\))Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Expectations of informal advice from both undergraduate and graduate stu\ dents )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (produce an advising ove)Tj (rload for women faculty. In part, this situation reflects the fact )Tj T* (that the number of women is \223so critically low.\224 In addition, wom\ en feel that they carry )Tj T* (a disproportionate share of the committee work, although committee assig\ nments reflect )Tj T* (a gendered )Tj (process in which women are assigned to less powerful and less visible )Tj T* (committees. Untenured women in particular find it difficult to refuse a\ dministrative and )Tj ET endstream endobj 79 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 80 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (40)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (service responsibilities when asked by senior faculty or administrators,\ even when they )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (realize )Tj (that accepting these responsibilities will detract from the time availab\ le for their )Tj T* (research. \223Women do the skut work,\224 several participants observed\ , further describing )Tj T* (their service responsibilities as invisible and undervalued \(Junior Wom\ en FG\). In )Tj T* (r)Tj (esponse to a request to summarize her experience at ǿմý in one word, on\ e participant )Tj T* (in the Junior Women Focus Group responded: \223You asked us to summariz\ e in one word )Tj T* (\226)Tj ( )Tj (overworked, overworked and underpaid, maybe uninvited, maybe unwelcome.\224\ )Tj 33.156 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 1 scn 10.8 0 0 10.8 126 516.48 Tm ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn /TT1 1 Tf 0.003 Tc -0.003 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 488.4 Tm [(W)-3(or)1(k/)2(Fam)-2(i)]TJ -0.002 Tw 5.029 0 Td [(l)2(y I)1(nt)1(e)1(gr)1(at)1(i)2(on)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.895 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 486.24 152.16 0.24 re f BT 0 0 1 scn /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 126 475.2 Tm ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 12 0 0 12 126 448.8 Tm (Questions about integrating work and family responsibilities generated a\ number )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (of concerns among focus group participants. Some issues surrounded resp\ onses by )Tj T* (colleagues, but discussions of work)Tj (-)Tj (family conflict most often emphasized unive)Tj (rsity )Tj T* (policies and academic culture. A number of participants argued that fam\ ily )Tj T* (responsibilities undermined their academic careers. As one Senior Facul\ ty Woman Focus )Tj T* (Group participant observed, \223The whole tenure clock is developed with\ male careers in )Tj T* (m)Tj (ind. It has nothing to do with women." Or, in the words of a participa\ nt in the Mixed )Tj T* (Rank)Tj (-)Tj (Mixed Gender Focus Group, \223the system doesn\222t allow you to take ti\ me off to have )Tj T* (children\205 and then come back.\224 This situation applies to fathers \ who wish to be )Tj T* (i)Tj (nvolved with their families as well as to mothers, although women more o\ ften assume )Tj T* (primary responsibility for the work of caring for young children, spouse\ s and elderly )Tj T* (parents. Men \223help,\224 but women are responsible for seeing that th\ e work of maintainin)Tj 34.936 0 Td (g )Tj -34.936 -2.3 Td (the household and caring for dependent family members gets done \(Senior\ Women FG\). )Tj T* (Although family responsibilities are most prevalent in the early \(pre)Tj 27.187 0 Td (-)Tj (tenure\) years of an )Tj ET endstream endobj 81 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 82 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (41)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (academic career, when families are most likely to be caring for very you\ ng child)Tj 32.21 0 Td (ren, )Tj -32.21 -2.3 Td (demands for care continue across women\222s lives.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Family responsibilities pull from the time available to build a research\ career, at )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (least a research career modeled after the \223ideal worker\224 described\ by Joan Williams)Tj 7.92 0 0 7.92 492.48 631.44 Tm (1)Tj 12 0 0 12 496.4746 625.92 Tm ( )Tj -33.873 -2.3 Td (\(2000:1\). She argues that profess)Tj (ional careers implicitly assume a worker \223who works )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (full time and overtime and takes little or no time off for childbearing \ or child rearing.\224 )Tj T* (Competing with faculty who have no external demands on their time puts m\ any women )Tj T* (at a disadvantage relative to )Tj 11.412 0 Td (men whose partners manage family responsibilities, a )Tj -11.412 -2.3 Td (disadvantage that slows women\222s productivity during key points in the\ ir career. As one )Tj T* (participant observed that \223If you decide to have other responsibiliti\ es and have children\205 )Tj T* (you really get penalized)Tj ( )Tj (from Day 1 because you\222ve taken time out from your tracking )Tj T* (for awhile.\224 \(Mixed Rank, Mixed Gender Focus Group])Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (As a result, women are selected out prior to tenure or, if granted tenur\ e, miss out )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (on early salary increases that accumulate across a career o)Tj 23.237 0 Td (f percentage raises. Focus )Tj -23.237 -2.3 Td (group participants reported that time spent with family is viewed as tim\ e away from )Tj T* (research, and that pre)Tj (-)Tj (tenure women who have children are viewed as \223not dedicated,\224 )Tj T* (and \223lacking in commitment,\224 or as \223risk takers\224 [Junior Fa)Tj 23.883 0 Td (culty Women\222s Focus Group )Tj -23.883 -2.3 Td (& Senior Faculty Women\222s Focus Group] A participant in the Junior Fac\ ulty Women\222s )Tj T* (focus group responded to such views in the following way: \223It\222s n\ ot about commitment, )Tj T* (it\222s not about personal motivation. I\222m committed, I\222m motiv)Tj 24.746 0 Td (ated, I\222m talented, I think )Tj -24.746 -2.3 Td (I\222m pretty good. But you really have to have unlimited time [to be s\ uccessful in this )Tj T* (career.]\224)Tj ( )Tj 0 -2.64 TD ( )Tj 10.4 0 Td ( )Tj 1.6 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 100.08 144 0.48 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 6.48 0 0 6.48 90 90.24 Tm (1)Tj 9.84 0 0 9.84 93.25 85.68 Tm ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(J)3(o)1(a)2(n)1( )1(W)-6(i)5(l)5(l)5(i)5(a)2(m)-3(s)3( )1(\()4(2)1(0)1(0)1(0)1(\))4(.)5( )1( )]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 0.008 Tc 9.568 0 Td [(U)-4(nbe)1(ndi)4(ng G)-4(e)1(nde)1(r)1(:)2( W)-6(hy)1( F)-2(am)-4(i)3(l)3(y)1( and W)-6(or)1(k)1( C)-3(onf)3(l)3(i)4(c)1(t)3( and W)-6(hat)3( t)4(o D)-4(o A)-2(bout)3( I)2(t)4(.)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.004 Tw ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw -10.152 -1.171 Td [(N)-4(e)1(w)-4( Y)-4(or)2(k,)4( N)-4(Y)-4(:)3( O)-4(xf)2(or)2(d U)-4(ni)3(ve)1(r)2(s)1(i)3(t)3(y )]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 14.508 0 Td [(P)-3(r)1(e)-1(ss.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.4 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 83 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 84 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (42)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (Participants acknowledged the availability of parental leave and delays \ on the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (tenure clock, although these benefits were cited as )Tj 20.354 0 Td (another area in which policies differed )Tj -20.354 -2.3 Td (across management centers and across departments within the same school.\ Despite )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (official sanction, many participants still believed that taking advantag\ e of parental leave )Tj T* (signaled lack of commitment to one\222s caree)Tj 17.438 0 Td (r. One participant in the Male Faculty Focus )Tj -17.438 -2.3 Td (Group admitted that he would never consider asking for a parental childb\ irth leave. )Tj T* (\223Asking for a leave, I guess men are allowed, I wouldn\222t do it. E\ ven if she were working. )Tj T* (Because of the stigma, and the kin)Tj (d of signal it sends\205. A signal of lack of seriousness, )Tj T* (which is a dangerous signal to send.\224 Several respondents observed t\ hat successful )Tj T* (academic women are disproportionately single and childless or are more l\ ikely to have )Tj T* (husbands who place their wives)Tj (\222 careers first. In general, parenthood is viewed )Tj T* (positively for male faculty but negatively for women faculty: )Tj 24.689 0 Td ( )Tj -21.689 -2.3 Td (\223When a woman\222s not here, because she had to take a child to the h\ ospital )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (because he broke a leg, they\222ll say something like, \221She\222s not \ setti)Tj 26.41 0 Td (ng her priorities right.\222\224 )Tj -26.41 -2.3 Td ([Senior Women Faculty Focus Group])Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Or, \223 \221If she\222s going to be a mother, then she should make a ch\ oice. Is she a )Tj -3 -2.3 Td [(mother or is she a professional?)1(\222\224 And I\222ve heard over and over again, where \221men are )]TJ T* (so wonderful because they\222r)Tj (e babysitting. They\222re helping their wife.\222\224 [Senior Women )Tj T* (Faculty Focus Group])Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Managing work and family responsibilities is framed as women\222s respon\ sibilities )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (but also as individual choice. But, as one participant asks, what are t\ he constraints within )Tj T* (w)Tj [(hich women make these choices?)1( Family responsibilities not only impede women\222s )]TJ T* (career progress; but work demands, particularly during the pre)Tj 24.963 0 Td (-)Tj (tenure years, can strain )Tj ET endstream endobj 85 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (43)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (family relationships. \223Almost everybody comes in at a junior level m\ arried,\224 observed )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (o)Tj (ne participant in the Administrators Focus Group. \223The question is h\ ow many people at )Tj T* [(an associate level are still married?)1( That number\222s a lot less.\224)]TJ 24.823 0 Td ( )Tj -21.823 -2.3 Td (Still, one participant did find some positive elements arising from comp\ eting )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (work)Tj (-)Tj (family demands. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (I )Tj (will say, though, that my experience was that in having those [family] l\ imits, it )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (did make me focus my day in a much different way. And I knew that the d\ ay )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (ended at five. And I knew that I had x number of things to do, so it wa\ s a positive )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (thing, in many)Tj ( )Tj (ways, in having multiple roles. I think it did mitigate some stress, )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (but it still, there were a lot of times, when I thought if I had another\ hour, I could )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (really get this paper finished. \(Senior Women focus group\))Tj 23.828 0 Td ( )Tj -23.828 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Participants often pointed out that i)Tj (t is women who most often have to make )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (choices between work and family demands. Many participants believed tha\ t ǿմý )Tj T* (reinforces this notion that family is an individual or private responsib\ ility by framing )Tj T* (family policies as \223for women only.\224 Some women )Tj 21.052 0 Td (reported that asking for a year\222s )Tj -21.052 -2.3 Td (extension on the tenure clock because of childbirth was looked at negati\ vely. Others feel )Tj T* (that women whose tenure is reviewed at the end of seven rather than six \ years are )Tj T* (expected to have an additional year\222s worth of re)Tj 19.548 0 Td (search productivity. \223That extra year is )Tj -19.548 -2.3 Td (counted, sort of, as extra time, and there\222s more expectation,\224 a \ member of the Senior )Tj T* (Faculty Women\222s Focus Group explained. Furthermore, current family p\ olicies are )Tj T* (viewed as inadequate, failing to address issue)Tj (s of equitable family care leaves, affordable )Tj T* (childcare, improved family health benefits, and employment options for t\ railing spouses. )Tj T* (Supporting faculty efforts to integrate work and family responsibilities\ has multiple )Tj T* (benefits, as one participant expla)Tj (ined, )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (I found myself in a situation of some family stresses and my department \ has )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (responded admirably. I think they did it for the best of reasons and no\ t just )Tj ET endstream endobj 87 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 88 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (44)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (humanitarian, but also because my department regarded me as an investmen\ t, and )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (this was the be)Tj (st protection of their resources, with that investment in mind, so it )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (can be done. But that was done on the department level, with a Chair wh\ o was )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (sensitive to the issues. I think that is rare, unfortunately. [Senior W\ omen\222s )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Faculty Group])Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Although most)Tj ( )Tj (primary parents are women and most department chairs are men, it )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (is important to emphasize that awareness of the impact of gendered famil\ y )Tj T* (responsibilities on career advancement is not a product of male administ\ rators\222 failing to )Tj T* (appreciate women\222s experi)Tj (ences. Men who are primary parents face the same career )Tj T* (constraints as their female counterparts. And not all unsupportive admi\ nistrators are )Tj T* (men. One participant in the Male Faculty Focus Group facetiously sugges\ ted the )Tj T* (university could endow a \223Claren)Tj (ce Thomas Chair\224 for woman department chairs who )Tj T* (argue that gender had no impact on academic career advancement. To assu\ me that all )Tj T* (women are supportive and all men lack sensitivity to work/family issues \ is to fall prey to )Tj T* (what the sociologist Cynthia Fuc)Tj (hs Epstein refers to as a deceptive distinction, a )Tj T* (difference that appears to be based on gender but is actually based on s\ omething else.)Tj 7.92 0 0 7.92 500.16 341.76 Tm (2)Tj 12 0 0 12 504.2031 336.24 Tm ( )Tj ( )Tj -34.517 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.002 Tc -0.002 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 279.12 Tm [(O)-2(u)-1(tco)-1(m)-3(es)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.301 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 276.96 59.76 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 264.96 Tm ( )Tj T* (Respondents believe that the issues they raised produced three broad cat\ egories of )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (outcomes for women fac)Tj (ulty: \(1\) Negative Everyday Feelings and Experiences; \(2\) a )Tj T* (Leaky Pipeline at ǿմý; and \(3\) Multiple Dimensions of Resource Inequi\ ty.)Tj 31.244 0 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 126 153.6 Tm [(E)-1(veryd)-1(ay E)-1(xp)-1(erien)-1(ce)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 244.771 153.6 Tm (. Focus group participants described the cumulative )Tj -12.898 -2.42 Td (effects of everyday experiences, sometimes episo)Tj 19.771 0 Td (des of major discrimination but more )Tj -19.771 -3.22 Td ( )Tj 10.4 0 Td ( )Tj 1.6 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 88.56 144 0.48 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 6.48 0 0 6.48 90 78.72 Tm (2)Tj 9.84 0 0 9.84 93.25 74.16 Tm ( )Tj 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(C)-7(F)-5(E)-6(, )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 2.372 0 Td [(D)-5(ecep)-1(t)3(i)3(ve D)-5(i)3(st)3(i)3(n)-1(ct)2(i)2(o)-1(n)-1(s)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 9.228 0 Td [(,)4( 1988,)4( N)-4(e)1(w)-4( H)-4(a)1(ve)1(n:)4( Y)-4(a)1(l)4(e)1( U)-4(ni)4(ve)1(r)3(s)2(i)4(t)4(y P)-1(r)3(e)1(s)2(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 89 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 90 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (45)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (often the subtle, routine behaviors that sociologists describe as \223mi\ croinequalities,\224 )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (produces negative outcomes for many women faculty. Focus group particip\ ants spoke )Tj T* (about feeling \223isolated,\224 \223unwelcome,\224 \223belittled)Tj 19.716 0 Td (,\224 \223marginalized,\224 and \223demoralized.\224 )Tj -19.716 -2.3 Td (\(Junior Women FG & Senior Women FG\). They feel like outsiders looking \ in, )Tj T* (disconnected to the everyday life of their departments and the universit\ y. )Tj 29.686 0 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc 12.96 0 0 12.96 126 569.76 Tm [(L)-1(eak)-1(y P)-1(ip)-1(elin)-1(e)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 208.6973 569.76 Tm (:)Tj ( )Tj (Several participants reported hearing that the sh)Tj 19.882 0 Td (ortage of )Tj ET 208.8 567.84 3.36 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 540.72 Tm (women in the senior ranks of ǿմý faculty was a pipeline issue )Tj 26.384 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (that we need to wait )Tj -26.384 -2.3 Td (for recently hired women to move through the pipeline to full professor \ rank. Several )Tj T* (Senior Faculty Women responded that they had been hearing the same argum\ e)Tj 31.462 0 Td (nt for over )Tj -31.462 -2.28 Td (a decade, sufficient time to swell the ranks of senior positions. \223W\ here did we lose )Tj T* [(them?)1(\224 one senior woman asked. \223Where have all the women gone?)1(\224 Participants )]TJ T* (offered several explanations of the leaky pipeline: \(a\) difficulties \ in recrui)Tj 29.795 0 Td (ting qualified )Tj -29.795 -2.3 Td (women into the current campus climate, \(b\) problems with retaining wom\ en who are )Tj T* (hired; and \(c\) slow promotion, with women faculty members often stuck \ at the rank of )Tj T* (associate professor.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Poor retention was mentioned most frequently. Women l)Tj (eave ǿմý, the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (committee was told )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (both junior and senior women. And this situation is likely to )Tj T* (continue in what one senior woman described as a \223yucky environment f\ or women.\224 As )Tj T* (another Senior Woman predicted, \223If this university doesn\222t create\ a bett)Tj 29.074 0 Td (er climate for )Tj -29.074 -2.3 Td (women, than women will leave. They will just leave.\224 )Tj 22.383 0 Td ( )Tj -19.383 -2.3 Td (Several participants believe that women are slower to be promoted to Ful\ l )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (Professor than are men. One participant in the Senior Women\222s Focus \ Group observed, )Tj T* (\223For some women, I can see)Tj ( )Tj [(the same qualifications f)-1(or men and women, and yet )]TJ ET endstream endobj 91 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 92 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (46)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (somehow the man is viewed as much more mature and ready for promotion.\224\ Other )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (participants in the same focus group characterized promotion criteria as\ a Double )Tj T* (Standard. One added that women are not con)Tj (sidered experts in their field and are still )Tj T* (expected to show deference to male colleagues, a pattern that underplays\ women\222s )Tj T* (achievements. As she explained, \223If you come into the situation with\ credentials as an )Tj T* (authority, you\222re still expected to make t)Tj (he guy think it\222s his idea. That absolutely blows )Tj T* (my mind.\224 )Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 126 514.56 Tm [(R)-1(esource Inequi)1(ti)1(es)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 235.4082 514.56 Tm (. Participants identified multiple dimensions of resource )Tj -12.117 -2.42 Td (inequities that they had observed at ǿմý. Most agreed that women earn \ lower salaries )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (than male colleagues with )Tj (comparable records and levels of performance. Women more )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (often have heavier teaching loads, heavier student advising responsibili\ ties, and are )Tj T* (assigned to more but less powerful committees. [Mixed Gender, Mixed Ran\ k Focus )Tj T* (Group] They are offered administ)Tj (rative opportunities that don\222t lead to advancement: )Tj 34.656 0 Td ( )Tj -31.656 -2.3 Td (A very interesting thing I notice is that more women tend to have extra \ paying )Tj 0 -1.16 TD [(jobs during the summer. On the first blush that looked good. Here they\ ')-1(re having )]TJ 0 -1.14 TD (an opportunity to earn more money, but )Tj (if you think about it, this is the kind of )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (work that is scut work, administrative work that does not contribute to \ promotion )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (does not contribute to papers and research, and they saddle women with t\ hat kind )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (of work. Yes, they may earn a few more dollars, b)Tj (ut in the long run, they do not )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (have the opportunity to succeed the way that men do. So we may not be a\ sked to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (fix the coffee and tea in the department, but the equivalent of those th\ ings are )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (being asked of us. And it mounts up after time. [Senior Women )Tj 25.913 0 Td (Faculty FG])Tj ( )Tj -25.913 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Despite these heavier workloads, participants believe that women often r\ eceive )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (fewer benefits and support resources. Women tend to enter the universit\ y with more )Tj T* (limited start)Tj (-)Tj (up packages. [Mixed Gender Mixed Rank Focus Group] They receive le)Tj (ss )Tj T* (space, have less access to graduate student assistance, and get fewer se\ rvices from )Tj ET endstream endobj 93 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 94 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (47)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (support staff. When hired from outside rather than promoted through the\ ranks, women )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (are hired at lower rank and at lower salary than their accomplishments i\ ndicate.)Tj 31.793 0 Td ( )Tj -28.793 -2.3 Td (So)Tj (me participants argued that women faculty lack a sense of entitlement to\ )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (resources that men take for granted, that they don\222t get the same lev\ el of resources )Tj T* (because they don\222t ask or don\222t complain. But other women reporte\ d that they were )Tj T* (reluctant to as)Tj (k )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (that women lose if they ask for too much. \223If you fight, then you\222\ re )Tj T* (told to leave or your space is taken away,\224 one participant in the Mi\ xed Rank)Tj 30.907 0 Td (-)Tj (Mixed )Tj -30.907 -2.3 Td (Gender Focus Group explained. As discussed above, the secrecy character\ izing salary )Tj T* (and other res)Tj (ource negotiations at a private university also contributes to gender )Tj T* (inequities. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.003 Tc -0.002 Tw 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 403.2 Tm [(Sol)2(ut)1(i)2(ons)1( Sugge)1(s)1(t)1(e)1(d by Foc)1(us)1( G)-1(r)1(oup Par)1(t)1(i)2(c)1(i)2(pant)1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 21.208 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 401.04 295.2 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 389.04 Tm ( )Tj T* (Focus group participants offered a range of solutions to the concerns re\ garding )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (gender equity. Some were individual level)Tj ( )Tj (solutions, suggesting that women need to )Tj T* (change or adapt to the demands of academic careers and the organizationa\ l realities of a )Tj T* (research university like ǿմý. \223There are systems in which power isn\222\ t given, it\222s )Tj T* (taken, and we have to figure out how to ta)Tj (ke it \205 if people don\222t take responsibility for )Tj T* (their own careers and their own lives, nobody else is going to do it.\224\ [Mixed Gender )Tj T* (Mixed Rank.])Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td ( )Tj (Other solutions focused on changing ǿմý\222s organizational structure a\ nd )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (culture. Some problems are localized)Tj 15.105 0 Td ( )Tj (within a particular department or school, whereas )Tj -15.105 -2.3 Td (others permeate the culture of the entire university. Some of these sys\ tem)Tj 29.631 0 Td (-)Tj (level solutions )Tj -29.631 -2.3 Td (have already been implemented and others are recommendations for future \ change.)Tj 33.292 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 95 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 96 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (48)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 126 707.76 Tm [(In)-1(d)-1(i)1(vi)1(d)-1(u)-1(al)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.461 0 Td (-)Tj 0.001 Tc 0.334 0 Td [(L)-1(evel S)-1(olu)-1(tion)-1(s)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 273.0181 707.76 Tm (: Indi)Tj (vidual)Tj (-)Tj (level solutions identify the source of )Tj -15.252 -2.42 Td (gender inequality in the choices, skills, or other behaviors of ǿմý fac\ ulty. Most )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (participants offering individual)Tj (-)Tj (level solutions pointed to areas in which women faculty )Tj T* (need to change. )Tj ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf 4.5 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Participants recomm)Tj (ended that women need to become better at )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (networking and forging ties with other women. )Tj ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -1.5 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Women faculty are encouraged to become better at self)Tj 22.101 0 Td (-)Tj (promotion and to )Tj -22.101 -2.3 Td (learn not to internalize criticism. )Tj 13.523 0 Td ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -15.023 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (They also need to be better at negotiating and bargaining)Tj 22.742 0 Td ( )Tj (for resources, )Tj -22.742 -2.28 Td (both when they are hired and at key points in their careers. )Tj 23.936 0 Td ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -25.436 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Faculty need to realize when they come here that \223everything is )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (negotiable\205. It\222s just the way\205 it works. I think that most of\ ten women )Tj T* (don\222t come in with the idea that you hav)Tj 16.163 0 Td (e to be your own best advocate, )Tj -16.163 -2.3 Td (because if you don\222t ask for it, it\222s not going to be offered to y\ ou.\224 [Senior )Tj T* (Women Faculty Focus Group])Tj ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 12.96 0 0 12.96 126 288 Tm [(S)-1(y)-1(stem)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.065 0 Td (-)Tj 0.001 Tc 0.334 0 Td [(L)-1(evel S)-1(olu)-1(tion)-1(s)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 12 0 0 12 254.9209 288 Tm (. Participants suggested a range of organizational )Tj -13.743 -2.4 Td (changes that would enhance gender equity at )Tj 18.187 0 Td (ǿմý. )Tj ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -13.688 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (A major theme is the need to replace \223secret side deals\224 with open\ policies )Tj T* (that are applied uniformly. )Tj ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -1.5 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Another set of recommendations focused on resources )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (salaries that are )Tj T* (competitive nationally, improved health care benefits for faculty and )Tj 27.713 0 Td (their )Tj -27.713 -2.28 Td (families, and a tenure and reward system that incorporates family )Tj T* (trajectories. )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 97 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 98 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (49)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /C2_0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 144 707.76 Tm <0001>Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (A recommendation emerging from one focus group was to establish a )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (separate fund to address inequities in salaries and other resources.)Tj 26.325 0 Td ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -27.825 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Attention to the pipeline issues )Tj (described above would address the )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (reported need for more senior women to serve as mentors, more women in )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (administrative roles, and more women on the board of trustees. One )Tj T* (participant in a Senior Women\222s Faculty Focus Group suggested a )Tj T* (campaign urging alu)Tj (mnae to withhold contributions until some of these )Tj T* (goals were met. )Tj ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -1.5 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (All members of the ǿմý community need to make an effort to move )Tj T* (beyond the stereotype that maturity and authority are male characteristi\ cs.)Tj 29.6 0 Td ( )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf -31.1 -2.38 Td <0001>Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Mechanisms for addressing perceived inequities)Tj 19.272 0 Td ( )Tj (need to be instituted. )Tj -19.272 -2.28 Td (One participant in a Senior Women\222s Focus Group suggested an )Tj T* (\223ombudsperson,\224 whereas another called for an \223ethics officer w\ ith teeth.\224 )Tj 30.351 0 Td ( )Tj -33.351 -2.3 Td (In summary, administrators are encouraged to see faculty as an investmen\ t and to )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (embrace appr)Tj (oaches that value pluralism rather than force all faculty careers into a\ single )Tj T* (mold. Several participants emphasized the point that supportive work en\ vironments can )Tj T* (empower faculty to overcome obstacles to productivity: )Tj 22.577 0 Td ( )Tj -19.577 -2.3 Td (It\222s a general faculty developmen)Tj 13.383 0 Td (t issue\205. I mean there are a variety of reasons )Tj -13.383 -1.16 Td (why people stop being productive. We\222re as prone to marital problems\ , )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (alcoholism and other stresses of life as any other professions, but if y\ ou go to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Ford Motor Company, they have programs to deal with this)Tj 23.83 0 Td (\205. Very, very few )Tj -23.83 -1.14 Td (faculty will go to the employment assistance programs. It\222s not that\ we haven\222t )Tj T* (built it in as part of our culture, we haven\222t acknowledged it. \(Adm\ in. FG\))Tj 29.715 0 Td ( )Tj -29.715 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (Others also made the point that in many instances solutions should be fr\ amed as )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (an overall faculty development issue. For example, in response to the q\ uestion, \221If you )Tj ET endstream endobj 99 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 100 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (50)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (had one minute to talk to President Wagner about how to improve the situ\ ation for )Tj 0 -2.3 TD [(women faculty at ǿմý, what would you say?)1(\222 one participant said \223I would like the )]TJ T* (p)Tj (resident to focus on faculty development. I wouldn\222t focus on improv\ ing the lot of )Tj T* (women. I think really we have to improve the lot of all faculty on camp\ us, and the )Tj T* (factors that we\222ve identified that are hurting women, even if they do\ n\222t directly affect)Tj 34.211 0 Td ( )Tj -34.211 -2.3 Td (men, are affecting all faculty on campus.\224 \(Admin. FG\))Tj 22.244 0 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 13.92 0 0 13.92 90 541.2 Tm ( )Tj 0.002 Tc -0.001 Tw 0 -1.155 TD [(P)-1(osi)1(t)1(i)1(ve C)-2(om)-2(m)-2(en)-1(t)1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.24 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 522.96 114.72 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 510.96 Tm ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (While we attempted to frame the questions used to guide the focus groups\ in a )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (neutral fashion, the discussion in all focus groups was largely devoted \ to areas in which )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (ǿմý falls s)Tj (hort or needs improvement. One participant called attention to what she\ )Tj T* (perceived as a lack of balance in the discussion, saying )Tj 22.243 0 Td ( )Tj -19.243 -2.3 Td (I feel what has been missing is a positive note in here. I feel that I \ have been )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (bellyaching more than I do normally. And t)Tj (his discourse, this victim discourse, is )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (somewhat uncomfortable to me. At the same time, I know I\222m looking t\ o share )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (problems because that\222s what we can look at. So I would like to just\ have it be )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (noted that I feel more balanced, and I have a sense that )Tj 22.185 0 Td (that may be true of others, )Tj -22.185 -1.16 Td (too, than I\222ve been able to express. We\222ve gotten more into probl\ em mode. The )Tj T* (questions have fostered that.\224 \(Junior Women FG\). )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (This sentiment was not uniform, for this comment was immediately followe\ d by )Tj -3 -2.28 Td (another participan)Tj (t stating \223I think I possibly don\222t feel that way. Possibly becau\ se I live )Tj T* (with the exemplar of what I would love my professional life to be like, \ you know if I had )Tj T* (the resources that were available to my husband.\224)Tj 19.881 0 Td ( )Tj -16.881 -2.3 Td (And indeed, positive comments were made.)Tj 17.523 0 Td ( )Tj (For example, one participant noted )Tj -20.523 -2.3 Td (that \223My years really have been gratifying. And yet, we talked about \ a lot of negative )Tj T* (things. I feel I\222ve had a lot of blessings here.\224 \(Senior Women \ focus group\) Another )Tj ET endstream endobj 101 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 102 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (51)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (respondent agreed with the above comment and )Tj 19.354 0 Td (said that many things have been done )Tj -19.354 -2.3 Td (well and she believed that there have been attempts to make the ǿմý env\ ironment )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (\223more positive\224; eg, \223there are many wonderful things that have\ [happened in my career] )Tj T* (because of it [ǿմý environment]\224 \(Senior Women FG)Tj 22.855 0 Td (\))Tj ( )Tj -19.855 -2.3 Td (Another participant pointed out that it is important to distinguish betw\ een the )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (University as a whole and its various components: )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (My comment would probably be to look carefully at the culture within the\ various )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (departments on campus, because my feeling )Tj 17.911 0 Td (is that this university on a whole does )Tj -17.911 -1.16 Td (a very good job with issues that have to do with women\222s rights and b\ enefits and )Tj T* (that the problems that exist are localized in various problem cases. Th\ ose things )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (need to be identified and dealt with. How I don\222t k)Tj 20.495 0 Td (now.\(Admin. FG\))Tj ( )Tj -23.495 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (Other participants emphasized that the climate at ǿմý is not static, bu\ t is changing for )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (the better. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Looking back, I can say compared to 25 years ago at this university)Tj 27.02 0 Td (\227)Tj (just )Tj -27.02 -1.16 Td (comparing today\222s committee meetings with committee meetings )Tj 26.41 0 Td (25 years ago)Tj (\227)Tj -26.41 -1.14 Td (things are better. Twenty)Tj (-)Tj (five years ago, there were a lot of sexual jokes, )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (inappropriate comments, incredibly Neanderthal)Tj 19.382 0 Td (-)Tj (like behavior. It doesn\222t happen )Tj -19.382 -1.14 Td (today on university committees. I mean there are a lot of other problem\ s, but the )Tj T* (co)Tj (nsciousness is really been raised. And at least in committee meetings, \ things )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (are much different than they were, and so I think that should be recogni\ zed, too. )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (\(Admin. FG\))Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Changes for the better were also noted in regard to allocation of resour\ ces: )Tj 30.073 0 Td ( )Tj -30.073 -2.3 Td (My )Tj (observation today is that the junior faculty in our school get access to\ a lot of )Tj T* (research money that is internally generated. You know they get initiati\ on )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (grants\205.there are two or three different grants they can get within o\ ur school, and )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (actually more o)Tj (f the foundation money that\222s brought in is brought in by the )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (women junior faculty than even the women tenured faculty\205.I think the\ re\222s a lot )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (of push by the research structure within our school to try to help with \ that )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (\(research\) with junior faculty on the)Tj ( )Tj (whole. And we\222re nowhere near where we )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (should be, but, of course, we\222re a hell of lot further along than we \ were ten years )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (ago. But I think just mentoring and coaching really helps and it\222s h\ ard to create. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (\(Admin. FG\))Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 103 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 104 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (52)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(R)-2(e)1(c)1(om)-3(m)-3(e)1(nd)-1(at)2(i)3(ons)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.968 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 675.36 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 3 -1.16 Td (The data pre)Tj (sented in this report are rich in their implications for ǿմý as )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (community and as an institution. This is true at all levels, from that \ of the individual )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (faculty member to the central administration.)Tj 18.05 0 Td ( )Tj -15.05 -2.3 Td (As such, our first and major recommendation is for the )Tj (widest possible )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (dissemination and discussion of this report. Many of the negative exper\ iences reported )Tj T* (by focus group participants reflect lack of awareness rather than overt \ discrimination or )Tj T* (hostility towards women faculty. We believe that increased awa)Tj 25.575 0 Td (reness of the spectrum of )Tj -25.575 -2.3 Td (issues raised by the focus group participants will in itself result in a\ significant )Tj T* (improvement in ǿմý\222s environment. This will happen in several ways. \ First, even a )Tj T* (casual reading of the report makes it clear that many faculty)Tj 23.991 0 Td ( )Tj (members feel isolated and )Tj -23.991 -2.3 Td (marginalized. Wide dissemination of the report should make it clear to m\ any faculty )Tj T* (members that they are not alone, and that the challenges they perceive a\ re often generic, )Tj T* (not personal. Second, the discussions reported here pr)Tj (ovide important glimpses into the )Tj T* (way ǿմý functions as an institution. Widespread dissemination of the r\ eport will thus )Tj T* (empower individual faculty members by calling their attention to possibi\ lities that it is )Tj 0 -2.28 TD (clear many are unaware of.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (Dissemination and)Tj ( )Tj (individual reading of the report is not, however, sufficient. As )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (a second recommendation, we encourage the widespread discussion of the r\ eport at all )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (levels of the university. By promoting an atmosphere of awareness of ho\ w ǿմý )Tj T* (functions and is perceive)Tj (d to function, and an environment in which these issues can be )Tj T* (discussed and addressed, the likelihood of unconscious or inadvertent di\ scrimination, or )Tj ET endstream endobj 105 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 106 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (53)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (the appearance thereof, will be significantly diminished. Further, such\ discussion is )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (likely to lead to)Tj ( )Tj (additional concrete initiatives for improving the functioning of the )Tj T* (University. We recommend that every academic unit \(e.g. school, depart\ ment, division\) )Tj T* (discuss the report and formulate a response, with recommendations, to be\ submitted to )Tj T* (the Provost.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (ǿմý\222s response to this report needs, however, to go beyond dissemina\ tion and )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (discussion. Many of the issues raised here are symptomatic of what appe\ ars to be )Tj T* (significant under)Tj (-)Tj (investment in training both faculty and administrators for the positions\ )Tj T* (they )Tj (hold. Coaching and mentoring of all faculty, but particularly Chairs an\ d )Tj T* (Administrators, will improve ǿմý\222s performance across the board, and\ will in )Tj T* (particular provide increased sensitivity to and confrontation of the iss\ ues raised in this )Tj T* (report. At t)Tj (he same time, there is a need for developing systems for holding )Tj T* (administrators accountable for their actions.)Tj 17.578 0 Td ( )Tj -14.578 -2.3 Td (It will also be necessary to identify the resources to implement such ch\ anges, as )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (well as to support the various specific and systemic initiative)Tj 24.356 0 Td (s we expect to result from )Tj -24.356 -2.3 Td (the widespread discussion of this document.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (The focus groups reported reflect the perceptions of the participants, a\ nd many of )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (the recommendations outlined above most directly address these perceptio\ ns. But there )Tj T* (remains the ques)Tj (tion of to what extent these perceptions are rooted in reality. This can\ )Tj T* (only come from detailed analysis of specific issues, which in the end wi\ ll require both )Tj T* (resources and time. Some of these will be addressed in the second phase\ of the Resource )Tj T* (Equity)Tj ( )Tj (Study, but it is essential that these and related studies be adequately \ supported.)Tj 34.409 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 107 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 108 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (54)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm (We believe that this report provides a kind of snapshot of perceptions o\ f ǿմý )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (as an institution and as a community. As we move forward in addressing \ the problems )Tj 0 -2.3 TD (identifi)Tj (ed as a result of this report, it will be important to provide similar s\ tudies in the )Tj T* (future, benchmarking the progress we make. )Tj ( )Tj 3 -2.3 Td (In closing, we note that many of the issues raised in this study are lik\ ely to be )Tj -3 -2.3 Td (common to other major research universities.)Tj 18.106 0 Td ( )Tj (By responding to this report in a creative )Tj -18.106 -2.3 Td (and pro)Tj (-)Tj (active manner, ǿմý has the opportunity to take a leading role in creati\ ng an )Tj T* (environment that fosters the full development, professional advancement \ and recognition, )Tj T* (not only of all members of our own U)Tj (niversity community, but throughout academia.)Tj ET endstream endobj 109 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 110 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (55)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm (Appendix 1. Equity Study Committee Charge)Tj ( )Tj 0 -2.3 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 15.84 0 0 15.84 306 637.68 Tm ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw -7.085 -1.348 Td [(C)-2(W)-5(R)-2(U)-2( )1(E)-1(qui)3(t)2(y )1(St)2(udy )1(C)-2(om)-3(m)-3(i)3(t)2(t)2(e)1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.17 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw -8.684 -1.167 Td [(C)-2(har)1(ge)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.198 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 583.44 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (ǿմý seeks to foster the full development, pr\ ofessional )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (advancement and recognition of all members of)Tj 19.105 0 Td ( )Tj (our community. )Tj ( )Tj -19.105 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (The ǿմý Equity Study Committee will develop and implement methodologies\ for )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (determining the extent to which these goals are realized, and perceived \ to be realized. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (These methodologies and studies will address issues of resources, inclu\ )Tj 28.8 0 Td (ding salary as )Tj -28.8 -1.16 Td (well other factors such as teaching assignments, space allocations and o\ ther )Tj T* (environmental resources. The Committee\222s studies will also address o\ ther issues of )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (faculty structure, welfare and effectiveness such as professional activi\ ty, comm)Tj 31.74 0 Td (unity )Tj -31.74 -1.14 Td (service, diversity, recruitment and retention. While particular emphasi\ s will be given to )Tj T* (issues of possible gender bias at the faculty level, it is expected that\ the methodologies )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (and studies can be used as the basis for the analysis of other diver)Tj 26.244 0 Td (sity issues on campus. )Tj ( )Tj -26.244 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (In order to maximize the utility of the Committee\222s work, the ǿմý Eq\ uity Study )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Committee will report to the President, the Provost, the President\222s \ Advisory Council on )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Women in the University, and the Faculty Senate, and will con)Tj 25.161 0 Td (sult with other bodies as )Tj -25.161 -1.16 Td (appropriate.)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (1 February 2001)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 111 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 112 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (56)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 704.88 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 0 -1.924 TD [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(2.)2( )1( )1(C)-2(W)-5(R)-2(U)-2( )1(I)1(R)-2(B)-1( )1(A)-2(ppl)3(i)3(c)1(at)2(i)3(on:)2( )1(C)-2(W)-5(R)-2(U)-2( )1(G)-2(e)1(nde)1(r)1( )1(E)-1(qui)3(t)2(y )]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 0 -1.152 TD [(St)2(udy)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.527 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 638.64 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 184.3984 612 Tm [(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( I)3(R)-3(B)-3( A)-4(ppl)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(on:)4( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( G)-4(e)1(nde)1(r)3( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y S)-1(t)4(udy)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.519 0 Td ( )Tj -31.259 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(1)-5(. )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 1.019 0 Td [(I)3(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)2(i)4(c)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(on a)1(nd r)3(e)1(c)1(r)3(ui)4(t)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( of)2( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(s)]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 16.801 0 Td [(. T)-7(h)-5(is)-3( 2)]TJ 0 Tc 3.084 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(pa)1(r)3(t)4( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(s)2(s)2(i)]TJ 8.459 0 Td [(one)1(d by t)4(he)1( F)-1(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y )]TJ ET 101.04 584.64 181.44 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf -0.004 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 573.84 Tm [(S)-1(e)1(na)1(t)5(e)1(,)5( )1(w)-4(i)5(l)5(l)5( )1(i)5(nve)1(s)1(t)5(i)5(ga)1(t)5(e)1( )1(t)5(he)1( )1(a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)5(c)1( )1(r)3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1(s)2( )1(a)1(va)1(i)5(l)5(a)1(bl)5(e)1( )1(t)5(o )1(f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)5(t)5(y )1(on )1(t)5(he)1( )1(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( )1(c)1(a)1(m)-5(pus)2(.)5( )1(O)-4(ne)1( )]TJ 0.008 Tc 0 -1.156 TD [(ap)-1(p)-1(r)2(o)-1(ach)-1( i)3(n)-1(v)-1(o)-1(l)3(v)-1(es)1( an)-1(al)3(y)-1(zi)3(n)-1(g)-1( f)1(acu)-1(l)3(t)3(y)-1( s)1(al)3(ar)2(y)-1( d)-1(at)3(a t)3(o)-1( d)-1(es)1(cr)2(i)3(b)-1(e cu)-1(r)2(r)2(en)-1(t)3( ch)-1(ar)2(act)3(er)2(i)3(s)1(t)3(i)3(cs)1( an)-1(d)-1( d)-1(et)3(er)2(m)-6(i)3(n)-1(e )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(di)4(s)2(c)1(r)3(e)1(pa)1(nc)1(i)4(e)1(s)2( a)1(nd a)1(ny s)2(ys)2(t)4(e)1(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(c)1( bi)4(a)1(s)2(e)1(s)2( by ge)]TJ 18.723 0 Td [(nde)1(r)3(;)4( t)4(he)1( s)2(e)1(c)1(ond a)1(ppr)3(oa)1(c)1(h i)4(nvol)4(ve)1(s)2( i)4(nt)4(e)1(r)3(vi)4(e)1(w)-4(i)4(ng )]TJ 0.01 Tc -18.723 -1.178 Td [(f)3(a)2(c)2(ul)5(t)5(y a)2(bout)5( t)5(he)2(i)5(r)4( pe)2(r)4(c)2(e)2(pt)5(i)5(ons)2( of)3( \()4(a)2(\))4( t)5(he)2( di)5(s)2(t)5(r)4(i)5(but)5(i)5(on of)3( de)2(pa)2(r)4(t)5(m)-5(e)2(nt)5(a)2(l)5( a)2(nd uni)5(ve)2(r)4(s)2(i)5(t)5(y r)4(e)2(s)2(our)4(c)2(e)2(s)2( by )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0 -1.156 TD [(ge)1(nde)1(r)3( a)1(nd \()3(b\))3( ba)1(r)3(r)3(i)4(e)1(r)3(s)2(,)5( bot)4(h f)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(l)4( a)1(nd i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(l)4(,)5( t)4(ha)1(t)4( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y e)1(nc)1(ount)4(e)1(r)3( i)4(n t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( c)1(a)1(r)3(e)1(e)1(r)3(s)2( )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(a)1(s)2( t)4(he)1(y m)-5(ov)]TJ 4.922 0 Td [(e)1( t)4(hr)3(ough t)4(he)1( pr)3(of)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(or)3(i)4(a)1(l)4( r)3(a)1(nks)2(.)5( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.407 0 Td ( )Tj -18.329 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw T* [(E)-2(nr)3(ol)4(l)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( of)3( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(s)2( va)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(s)2( a)1(c)1(c)1(or)3(di)4(ng t)4(o t)4(he)1( t)4(w)-4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(s)2( of)3( t)4(he)1( s)2(t)4(udy:)4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 28.343 0 Td ( )Tj -28.343 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc 3.333 -1.178 Td [(P)-5(a)-3(r)-1(t)1( )1(1)-4(.)1( )1(S)-5(t)1(a)-3(t)1(i)1(s)-2(t)1(i)1(c)-3(a)-3(l)1( )1(a)-3(n)-4(a)-3(l)1(y)-4(s)-2(i)1(s)]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.467 0 Td [(.)5( F)-1(or)3( t)5(he)1( a)1(ppr)3(oa)1(c)1(h i)5(nvol)5(vi)5(ng t)5(he)1( s)2(t)5(a)1(t)5(i)5(s)2(t)5(i)5(c)1(a)1(l)5( a)1(na)1(l)5(ys)2(i)5(s)2( of)3( s)2(a)1(l)5(a)1(r)3(y )]TJ ET 126 458.16 113.04 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 447.36 Tm [(da)1(t)4(a)1(,)5( da)1(t)4(a)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( obt)4(a)1(i)4(ne)1(d f)3(or)3( )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 12.416 0 Td [(a)-3(l)1(l)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.075 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.003 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(f)1(acu)-2(l)3(t)3(y)-2( m)-7(em)-7(b)-2(er)2(s f)1(r)2(o)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 8.259 0 Td [(m)-5( t)4(he)1( P)-1(r)3(ovos)2(t)4(\222)3(s)2( of)3(f)3(i)4(c)1(e)1( w)-4(i)4(t)4(h t)4(he)1( he)1(l)4(p of)3( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -22.005 -1.156 Td [(Ph)1(i)6(l)6(l)6(i)6(p)1( B)-2(r)4(o)1(w)-3(n)1(,)6( )1(A)-3(s)3(s)3(i)6(s)3(t)5(a)2(n)1(t)6( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(Pr)4(o)1(v)1(o)1(s)2(t)6(.)6( )1(H)-3(e)2( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(e)2(n)1(s)3(ur)4(e)2( )1(t)6(h)1(a)2(t)6( )1(n)1(o)1( )1(n)1(a)2(m)-4(e)2(s)3( a)2(r)4(e)2( )1(a)2(t)6(t)6(a)2(c)2(h)1(e)2(d)1( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(t)6(he)2( )1(d)1(a)2(t)6(a)2(,)6( )1(b)1(u)1(t)6( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw T* [(t)4(he)1(y w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)2(i)4(e)1(d by s)2(c)1(hool)4(,)4( de)1(pa)1(r)3(t)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4(,)4( r)3(a)1(nk,)4( r)3(a)1(c)1(e)1(,)4( ge)1(nde)1(r)3(,)4( t)4(i)4(m)-5(e)1( of)2( s)2(e)1(r)3(vi)4(c)1(e)1(,)4( hi)4(ghe)1(s)2(t)4( de)1(gr)3(e)1(e)1(,)4( )]TJ 0.008 Tc T* [(an)-1(d)-1( y)-1(ear)2( o)-1(f)1( t)3(er)2(m)]TJ -0.003 Tw 6.702 0 Td [(i)3(n)-1(al)3( d)-1(eg)-1(r)2(ee.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.75 0 Td ( )Tj -8.12 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.255 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -0.255 -1.178 Td [(Pa)2(r)4(t)6( )1(2)1(.)6( )1(F)-1(o)1(c)1(u)1(s)3( )1(g)1(r)4(o)1(u)1(p)1(s)]TJ 8.374 0 Td [(.)5( F)-1(or)3( t)5(he)1( s)2(e)1(c)1(ond pa)1(r)3(t)5(,)5( i)5(n )1(a)1(n e)1(f)3(f)3(or)3(t)5( t)5(o e)1(xa)1(m)-5(i)5(ne)1( e)1(qui)5(t)5(y i)5(s)2(s)2(u)1(e)1(s)2( f)3(r)3(om)-5( a)1(n )]TJ ET 126 382.32 90.48 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 371.52 Tm (in)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.792 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(de)1(pt)4(h,)5( ye)1(t)4( va)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(d pe)1(r)3(s)2(pe)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(ve)1(,)5( t)4(he)1( c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( us)2(e)1( nonpr)3(oba)1(bi)4(l)4(i)4(t)4(y pur)3(pos)2(i)4(ve)1( s)2(a)1(m)-5(pl)4(i)4(ng )]TJ -1.131 -1.178 Td [(de)1(s)2(i)4(gne)1(d t)4(o s)2(e)1(l)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( ke)1(y i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(nt)4(s)2( \()3(f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2(\))3( w)-4(ho a)1(r)3(e)1( k)]TJ 25.653 0 Td [(now)-4(n t)4(o be)1( a)1(w)-4(a)1(r)3(e)1( of)3( a)1(nd/)4(or)3( )]TJ -0.004 Tw -25.653 -1.156 Td [(i)4(nt)4(e)1(r)3(e)1(s)2(t)4(e)1(d i)4(n ge)1(nde)1(r)3( e)1(qui)4(t)4(y i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( on t)4(he)1( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-5( c)1(a)1(m)-5(pus)2(.)4( E)-2(ve)1(r)3(y e)1(f)2(f)2(or)3(t)4(,)4( how)-5(e)1(ve)1(r)3(,)4( a)1(l)4(s)2(o w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( )]TJ -0.005 Tw T* [(m)-5(a)1(de)1( t)4(o i)4(nc)1(l)4(ude)1( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y f)3(r)3(om)-5( a)1(l)4(l)4( r)3(a)1(nks)2( a)1(nd a)1(l)4(l)4( m)-5(a)1(na)1(ge)1(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( c)1(e)1(nt)4(e)1(r)3(s)2( a)1(nd one)1( gr)3(oup w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( )]TJ T* [(c)1(om)-5(pos)2(e)1(d of)2( m)-5(i)4(nor)3(i)4(t)4(y f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y.)5( T)-2(he)1( c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)]TJ 22.317 0 Td [(s)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( ge)1(ne)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(e)1( a)1( l)4(i)4(s)2(t)4( of)3( ke)1(y f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y w)-4(i)4(t)4(h )]TJ -0.004 Tw -22.317 -1.156 Td [(i)4(nput)4( f)2(r)3(om)-5( M)-8(a)1(r)3(ga)1(r)3(e)1(t)4(m)-5(a)1(r)3(y D)-5(a)1(l)4(e)1(y,)4( C)-3(ha)1(i)4(r)3( of)2( t)4(he)1( F)-2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y S)-2(e)1(na)1(t)4(e)1( C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( on t)4(he)1( S)-2(t)4(a)1(t)4(us)2( of)2( W)-8(om)-5(e)1(n )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw T* [(Fa)2(c)2(u)1(l)6(t)6(y)1(.)6( )1(T)-1(he)2( )1(s)3(e)2(l)6(e)2(c)2(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(s)3(ub)1(j)5(e)2(c)2(t)6(s)3( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( c)2(o)1(n)1(t)6(a)2(c)2(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(b)1(y)1( )1(l)6(e)2(t)5(t)6(e)2(r)4(,)6( )1(w)-3(h)1(i)6(c)2(h)1( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(e)2(x)1(p)1(l)5(a)2(i)6(n)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(p)1(u)1(r)4(p)1(o)1(s)3(e)2( o)1(f)4( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc T* [(s)2(t)4(udy,)5( a)1(l)4(l)4( pr)3(oc)1(e)1(dur)3(e)1(s)2( o)]TJ 0.01 Tc 9.221 0 Td [(f)3( t)5(he)2( f)3(oc)2(us)2( gr)4(oup a)2(nd da)2(t)5(a)2( a)2(na)2(l)5(ys)2(i)5(s)2(,)5( t)5(he)2( r)4(i)5(s)2(ks)2( a)2(nd be)2(ne)2(f)3(i)5(t)5(s)2(,)5( a)2(nd t)5(he)2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -9.221 -1.156 Td [(vol)4(unt)4(a)1(r)3(y na)1(t)4(ur)3(e)1( of)3( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(i)4(on \()3(A)-4(ppe)1(ndi)4(x \))3(.)5( I)3(f)3( t)4(he)1( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( doe)1(s)2( not)4( r)3(e)1(s)2(pond t)4(o t)4(he)1( l)4(e)1(t)4(t)4(e)1(r)3(,)5( a)1( )]TJ 0.005 Tc T* [(f)-2(o)-5(llo)-5(w)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.66 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(up phone)1( c)1(a)1(l)4(l)4( a)1(nd/)4(or)3( e)1(m)-5(a)1(i)4(l)4( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( us)2(e)1(d t)4(o a)1(s)2(c)1(e)1(r)3(t)4(a)1(i)4(n t)4(he)1( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(\222)3(s)2( a)1(bi)4(l)4(i)4(t)4(y/)4( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4(i)4(ngn)]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 33.122 0 Td [(e)-1(ss t)2(o)-2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -36.121 -1.178 Td [(a)1(t)4(t)4(e)1(nd t)4(he)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup.)5( I)3(f)2( t)4(he)1( pot)4(e)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( de)1(c)1(l)4(i)4(ne)1(s)2( t)4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(e)1(,)5( \()3(s)2(\))3(he)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( a)1(s)2(ke)1(d t)4(o )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(pr)3(ovi)4(de)1( a)1(n e)1(xpl)4(a)1(na)1(t)4(i)4(on,)5( a)1(l)4(t)4(hough t)4(hi)4(s)2( i)4(s)2( not)4( m)-5(a)1(nda)1(t)4(or)3(y.)5( T)-2(hi)4(s)2( i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( i)4(nc)1(or)3(por)3(a)1(t)4(e)1(d i)4(nt)4(o )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(th)-4(e)-3( d)-4(e)-3(s)-2(ig)-4(n)-4( o)-4(f)-2( f)-2(u)-4(tu)-4(r)-1(e)-3( s)-2(tu)-4(d)-4(ie)-3(s)-2(. P)-6(a)-3(r)-1(tic)-3(ip)-4(a)-3(n)-4(ts)-2( w)-9(ill s)-2(ig)-4(n)-4( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 20.397 0 Td [(t)4(he)1( c)1(ons)2(e)1(nt)4( f)2(or)3(m)-5( pr)3(i)4(or)3( t)4(o t)4(he)1( be)1(gi)4(nni)4(ng of)2( t)4(he)1( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -20.397 -1.178 Td [(f)3(oc)2(us)2( gr)4(oup s)2(e)2(s)2(s)2(i)5(on.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.289 0 Td ( )Tj -8.289 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw T* [(2)-5(. )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 1.019 0 Td [(Sp)1(e)2(c)2(i)6(a)2(l)6( s)3(u)1(b)1(j)5(e)2(c)2(t)6( )1(p)1(o)1(p)1(u)1(l)6(a)2(t)6(i)6(on)1( t)6(o)1( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(u)1(s)3(e)2(d)]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 15.134 0 Td [(: C)-7(W)-12(R)-7(U)-9( F)-6(a)-3(c)-3(u)-4(lty)-4(.)]TJ 0 Tc 7.157 0 Td ( )Tj ET 101.04 180 163.44 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 169.2 Tm ( )Tj 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(3)-5(. )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 1.019 0 Td [(R)-3(a)1(t)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4(e)1( f)3(or)3( s)2(pe)1(c)1(i)4(a)1(l)4( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( popul)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(on)]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw 16.179 0 Td [(.)2( C)-6(W)-11(R)-6(U)-7( fa)-2(c)-2(u)-3(l)3(t)2(y)-2( m)-7(e)-2(m)-8(b)-3(e)-2(rs)-1( a)-2(re)-2( re)-2(q)-3(u)-3(i)2(re)-1(d)-3( s)-1(u)-3(b)-3(j)1(e)-2(c)-2(t)2(s)-1( fo)-3(r t)2(h)-3(i)2(s)-1( )]TJ ET 101.04 154.56 174.72 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 143.76 Tm [(s)2(t)4(udy.)5( A)-4(l)4(l)4( c)1(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.234 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tc 0.339 0 Td [(in)-4(v)-4(e)-3(s)-2(tig)-4(a)-3(to)-4(r)-1(s)-2( a)-3(r)-1(e)-3( c)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 7.41 0 Td [(ur)3(r)3(e)1(nt)4( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( a)1(nd a)1(l)4(l)4( a)1(r)3(e)1( s)2(e)1(ns)2(i)4(t)4(i)4(ve)1( t)4(o t)4(he)1( r)3(i)4(s)2(ks)2( t)4(o )]TJ -12.983 -1.156 Td [(s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(s)2( i)4(n t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(ul)4(a)1(r)3(l)4(y t)4(he)1( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(i)4(on i)4(n t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2(.)5( Y)-4(e)1(t)4( t)4(he)1( r)3(e)1(s)2(ul)4(t)4(s)2( of)3( t)4(he)1( )]TJ T* [(r)3(e)1(c)1(e)1(nt)4( M)-7(a)1(s)2(s)2(a)1(c)1(hus)2(e)1(t)4(t)4(s)2( I)3(ns)2(t)4(i)4(t)4(ut)4(e)1( of)2( T)-2(e)1(c)1(hnol)4(ogy \()3(M)-7(I)3(T)-2(\))3( s)2(t)4(udy \()3(A)-4(t)4(t)4(a)1(c)1(hm)-5(e)1(nt)4( C)-3(\))3( pr)3(ovi)4(de)1( a)1( c)1(om)-5(pe)1(l)4(l)4(i)4(n)]TJ -0.009 Tw 38.722 0 Td (g )Tj -0.005 Tw -38.722 -1.178 Td [(r)3(a)1(t)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4(e)1( f)2(or)3( us)2(i)4(ng f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup i)4(nt)4(e)1(r)3(vi)4(e)1(w)-4(s)2(.)5( M)-7(I)3(T)-2( f)2(ound t)4(ha)1(t)4( s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y da)1(t)4(a)1( f)2(a)1(i)4(l)4(e)1(d t)4(o a)1(de)1(qua)1(t)4(e)1(l)4(y )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(cap)-1(t)3(u)-1(r)2(e t)3(h)-1(e ex)-1(p)-1(er)2(i)3(en)-1(ces)1( o)-1(f)1( w)-5(o)-1(m)-6(en)-1( f)1(acu)-1(l)3(t)3(y)-1( m)-6(em)-6(b)-1(er)2(s)1(\222)2( acces)1(s)1( t)3(o)-1( acad)-1(em)-6(i)3(c r)2(es)1(o)-1(u)-1(r)2(ces)1(;)3( e.)4(g)-1(.)4(,)4( l)3(ab)-1( s)1(p)-1(ace,)4( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0 -1.178 TD [(t)4(r)3(a)1(ve)1(l)4( f)2(unds)2(,)4( a)1(nd gr)3(a)1(dua)1(t)4(e)1( s)2(t)4(ude)1(nt)4(s)2(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.425 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 114 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (57)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 709.68 Tm ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(4.)5( T)-2(he)1( s)2(t)4(udy doe)1(s)2( not)4( i)4(nvol)]TJ 11.09 0 Td [(ve)1( de)1(c)1(e)1(pt)4(i)4(on.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.43 0 Td ( )Tj -16.52 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(5)-5(. )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 1.019 0 Td [(C)-3(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y of)3( da)1(t)4(a)1( ga)1(t)4(he)1(r)3(e)1(d t)4(hr)3(ough s)2(ound)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.094 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(di)4(ng de)1(vi)4(c)1(e)1(s)]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 7.211 0 Td [(. C)-8(o)-5(n)-5(f)-2(id)-5(e)-4(n)-4(tia)-4(lity)-5( w)-9(ill b)-5(e)-4( )]TJ ET 101.04 669.84 287.76 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 659.04 Tm [(m)-5(a)1(i)4(nt)4(a)1(i)4(ne)1(d i)4(n t)4(he)1( f)3(ol)4(l)4(ow)-4(i)4(ng m)-5(a)1(nne)1(r)3(.)5( A)-4(l)4(l)4( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( t)4(a)1(pe)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 30.098 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(de)1(d a)1(nd pe)1(r)3(s)2(onne)1(l)4( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -30.437 -1.178 Td [(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(hi)6(r)4(e)2(d)1( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(t)6(r)4(a)2(n)1(s)3(c)2(r)4(i)6(b)1(e)2( t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(a)2(u)1(d)1(i)6(o)1( )1(d)1(a)2(t)6(a)2( t)6(o)1( )1(h)1(a)2(r)4(d)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 19.798 0 Td [(c)1(opy t)4(ype)1(d da)1(t)4(a)1(.)5( N)-4(o i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)2(yi)4(ng i)4(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( )]TJ -19.798 -1.156 Td [(be)1( i)4(nc)1(l)4(ude)1(d i)4(n t)4(he)1( a)1(udi)4(o r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(di)4(ngs)2(.)5( A)-4(f)3(t)4(e)1(r)3( t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(i)4(on i)4(s)2( c)1(om)-5(pl)4(e)1(t)4(e)1(d,)5( t)4(he)1( m)-5(ode)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3( a)1(nd )]TJ 0.01 Tc T* [(f)3(a)2(c)2(i)5(l)5(i)5(t)5(a)2(t)5(or)4(,)5( bot)5(h of)3( w)-4(hom)-5( a)2(r)4(e)2( m)-5(e)2(m)-5(be)2(r)4(s)2( of)3( t)5(he)2( G)-4(e)2(nde)2(r)4( E)-2(qui)5(t)5(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)5(t)5(t)5(e)2(e)2(,)5( w)-4(i)5(l)5(l)5( a)2(dd i)5(nf)3(or)4(m)-5(a)2(t)5(i)5(on )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0 -1.178 TD [(a)1(bout)4( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2(\222)3( s)2(c)1(hool)]TJ 10.522 0 Td [(s)2(,)5( di)4(vi)4(s)2(i)4(on,)5( a)1(nd r)3(a)1(nk.)5( N)-4(o ot)4(he)1(r)3( i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)3(yi)4(ng i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( i)4(nc)1(l)4(ude)1(d )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw -10.522 -1.156 Td [(in)-4( th)-4(e)-3( w)-9(r)-1(itte)-3(n)-4( tr)-1(a)-3(n)-4(s)-2(c)-3(r)-1(ip)-4(tio)-4(n)-4(s)-2(. M)-12(a)-3(in)-4(ta)-3(in)-4(in)-4(g)-4( c)-3(o)-4(n)-4(f)-2(id)-4(e)-3(n)-4(tia)-3(lity)-4( o)-4(f)-2( th)-4(e)-3( d)-4(a)-3(ta)-3( w)-9(ill b)-4(e)-3( h)-4(a)-3(n)-4(d)-4(le)-3(d)-4( in)-4( th)-4(e)-3( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(f)3(ol)5(l)5(ow)-4(i)5(ng m)-5(a)2(nne)2(r)4(.)5( 1\))4( A)-4(f)3(t)5(e)2(r)4( c)2(ons)2(e)2(nt)5( i)5(s)2( obt)5(a)2(i)5(ne)2(d a)2(nd be)2(f)3(or)4(e)2( be)2(gi)5(nni)5(ng t)5(he)2( f)3(oc)2(us)2( gr)4(oup,)5( t)5(h)]TJ 0.009 Tc 35.895 0 Td [(e)1( gr)3(oup\222)3(s)2( )]TJ -0.004 Tw -35.895 -1.178 Td [(l)4(e)1(a)1(de)1(r)3( w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( i)4(ns)2(t)4(r)3(uc)1(t)4( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2( t)4(o a)1(voi)4(d i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)2(yi)4(ng t)4(he)1(m)-5(s)2(e)1(l)4(ve)1(s)2( or)3( ot)4(he)1(r)3( pe)1(r)3(s)2(ons)2( by na)1(m)-5(e)1( a)1(nd t)4(o )]TJ -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(a)1(voi)4(d ot)4(he)1(r)3( t)4(ype)1(s)2( of)2( s)2(e)1(l)4(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.844 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tc 0.339 0 Td [(id)-4(e)-3(n)-4(tif)-2(ic)-3(a)-3(tio)-4(n)-4( if)-2( a)-3(t a)-3(ll p)-4(o)-4(s)-2(s)-2(ib)-4(le)-3(. 2)-4(\))-1( R)-7(e)-3(s)-2(p)-4(o)-4(n)-4(d)-4(e)-3(n)-4(ts)-2( w)-9(ill b)-4(e)-3( in)-4(s)-2(tr)-1(u)-4(c)-3(te)-3(d)-4( to)-4( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -10.183 -1.178 Td [(ke)1(e)1(p c)1(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4( a)1(l)4(l)4( i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on t)4(ha)1(t)4( e)1(m)-5(e)1(r)3(ge)1(s)2( d)]TJ 19.572 0 Td [(ur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2(.)5( P)-1(r)3(oc)1(e)1(dur)3(e)1(s)2( f)3(or)3( )]TJ -19.572 -1.178 Td [(m)-5(a)1(i)4(nt)4(a)1(i)4(ni)4(ng c)1(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(i)4(on a)1(nd a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( pr)3(oc)1(e)1(s)2(s)2(e)1(s)2( a)1(r)3(e)1( de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1(d a)1(bove)1(.)]TJ 0 0 1 scn 0 Tc 0 Tw 38.89 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -38.89 -1.178 Td [(Fo)1(c)2(u)1(s)3( g)1(r)4(ou)1(p)1( )1(a)2(u)1(d)1(i)6(o)1( )1(t)6(a)2(p)1(e)2( )1(r)4(e)2(c)2(or)4(di)6(n)1(g)1(s)3( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(ke)2(p)1(t)6( )1(i)6(n)1( )1(a)2( )1(l)6(o)1(c)2(k)1(e)2(d)1( f)4(i)6(l)6(e)2( )1(c)2(a)2(b)1(i)6(n)1(e)2(t)6( )1(i)6(n)1( )1(t)5(h)1(e)2( )1(Pr)4(i)6(m)-4(a)2(r)4(y)1( )]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.002 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(In)-3(v)-3(e)-2(s)-1(t)1(i)1(g)-3(a)-2(t)1(o)-3(r\222s)-1( \(P)-4(I\) [P)-4(a)-2(t)]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw [(r)2(i)3(ci)3(a A)-5(.)4( H)-5(i)3(g)-1(g)-1(i)3(n)-1(s)1(])2( o)-1(f)1(f)1(i)3(ce u)-1(n)-1(t)3(i)3(l)3( t)3(h)-1(e r)2(es)1(ear)2(ch)-1( i)3(s)1( co)-1(m)-6(p)-1(l)3(et)3(ed)-1(.)4( T)-3(h)-1(e t)3(ap)-1(e )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(di)4(ngs)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( t)4(he)1(n be)1( de)1(s)2(t)4(r)3(oye)1(d.)]TJ 0 0 1 scn 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.831 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 12 0 0 12 90 480.96 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (6. )Tj (Confidentiality of consent forms and all data.)Tj 19.136 0 Td ( )Tj (The PI will be responsible for storing the )Tj ET 102 465.36 217.68 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 453.36 Tm (consent forms and all data. The signed consent forms and the)Tj ( )Tj (data will be stored in the )Tj T* (separate locked file cabinets. No personal identifiers will be included \ on the data files and )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (all electronic data will be maintained in a secure computer file. The PI\ will be in charge )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (of the electronic copies of both the quanti)Tj (tative \(salary\) data and the qualitative \(focus )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (group transcripts\) data. Committee members will have access to electron\ ic salary data )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (files for the purpose of quantitative analysis. The PI also will store a\ ll hard copies of the )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (qualitative data in a locked)Tj 10.773 0 Td ( )Tj (file in her office and REC members will have access to the )Tj -10.773 -1.14 Td (hard copies of transcripts only for coding and analyzing the data. )Tj 26.465 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 1 scn -26.465 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 330.24 Tm [(7)-5(. )]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 1.19 0 Td [(R)-6(i)1(s)-1(k)-3(s)]TJ 0.01 Tc 0.166 Tw 2.264 0 Td [(.)5( T)-2(he)1( pr)3(e)1(c)1(a)1(ut)5(i)5(ons)2( i)5(n t)5(hi)5(s)2( s)2(t)6(udy t)5(ha)1(t)5( w)-4(i)5(l)5(l)5( be)1( us)2(e)1(d t)5(o m)-5(i)5(ni)5(m)-5(i)5(z)1(e)1( r)3(i)5(s)2(k i)5(n t)5(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup )]TJ ET 102.96 328.32 24.48 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc 0.086 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 317.52 Tm [(s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2( a)1(r)3(e)1( de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1(d i)4(n t)4(he)1( pr)]TJ 13.097 0 Td [(ot)4(oc)1(ol)4( a)1(nd t)4(he)1( l)4(e)1(t)4(t)4(e)1(r)3( t)4(o t)4(he)1( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(s)2( \()3(A)-4(t)4(t)4(a)1(c)1(hm)-5(e)1(nt)4( C)-3(\))3(.)5( P)-1(a)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4( )]TJ 0.279 Tw -13.097 -1.178 Td [(c)1(onc)1(e)1(r)3(ns)2( a)1(bout)4( c)1(onf)2(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y of)2( t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( c)1(om)-5(m)-5(e)1(nt)4(s)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( m)-5(i)4(ni)4(m)-5(i)4(z)1(e)1(d by t)4(he)1( pr)3(oc)1(e)1(dur)3(e)1(s)2( f)2(or)3( )]TJ 0.079 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(m)-5(a)1(i)4(nt)4(a)1(i)4(ni)4(ng c)1(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1(d i)4(n t)4(hi)4(s)2( a)1(ppl)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(on.)5( T)-2(he)1( na)1(t)4(ur)3(e)1( of)3( t)4(he)1( pr)3(oj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( f)3(ul)4(l)4(y )]TJ 0.03 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(e)1(xpl)4(a)1(i)4(ne)1(d t)4(o a)1(l)4(l)4( i)4(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(a)1(nt)4(s)2( a)1(nd a)1(ny que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2( t)4(he)1(y ha)1(ve)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( f)2(ul)4(l)4(y a)1(ns)2(w)-4(e)1(r)3(e)1(d by t)4(he)1( m)-5(ode)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3(.)5( )35( )]TJ 0.01 Tc 0.073 Tw T* [(N)-3(o)1( )1(i)6(n)1(d)1(i)6(v)1(i)6(du)1(a)2(l)6( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(s)3(u)1(b)1(j)5(e)1(c)2(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(a)2(n)1(y)1( )1(p)1(r)4(e)2(s)2(s)3(u)1(r)4(e)2( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(p)1(a)2(r)4(t)6(i)6(c)2(i)6(p)1(a)2(t)6(e)2( i)6(n)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(r)4(e)2(s)3(e)2(a)2(r)4(c)2(h)1( )1(s)3(t)5(u)1(d)1(y)1( )1(o)1(r)4( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(a)2(n)1(s)3(w)-3(e)2(r)4( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.082 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(a)1(ny que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2( t)4(he)1(y m)-5(a)1(y not)4( w)-4(i)4(s)2(h t)4(o a)1(ns)2(w)-4(e)1(r)3(.)5( I)3(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(a)1(nt)4(s)2( m)-5(a)1(y l)]TJ 26.243 0 Td [(e)1(a)1(ve)1( t)4(he)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup a)1(t)4( a)1(ny t)4(i)4(m)-5(e)1( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -26.243 -1.178 Td [(w)-3(i)6(t)6(h)1(o)1(u)1(t)6( s)3(u)1(s)3(t)6(a)2(i)6(n)1(i)6(n)1(g)1( )1(a)2(n)1(y)1( a)2(d)1(v)1(e)2(r)4(s)3(e)2( )1(c)2(o)1(n)1(s)3(e)2(q)1(u)1(e)2(nc)2(e)2(s)3(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 18.696 0 Td ( )Tj -18.696 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 215.52 Tm (8. )Tj (Benefits)Tj (. Several benefits will accrue from participation in the focus groups. \ )Tj ET 102 213.6 40.08 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 201.6 Tm (Consistent with the results of the MIT study, we anticipate that partici\ pants who may )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (have enc)Tj (ountered gender)Tj (-)Tj (related barriers in their career development will benefit from )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (hearing insights and experiences of other ǿմý faculty. The opportunity\ to express any )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (concerns in a secure and supportive environment is also a benefit of par\ ticipation. )Tj 32.935 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 1 scn -32.935 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn T* (9. )Tj (Summary)Tj (. See Attachment B.)Tj ( )Tj ET 102 130.8 46.56 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 118.8 Tm ( )Tj T* (10. Written consent will be obtained from all focus group participants.)Tj 28.16 0 Td ( )Tj -28.16 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (11. Consent will not be obtained from non)Tj (-)Tj (English speaking subjects.)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 115 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 116 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (58)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (12. Responsible Investigator: Patricia Higgins, RN, PhD; Co)Tj (-)Tj (Investigators: Sara )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Deban)Tj (ne, PhD; Eleanor Stoller, PhD; Cyrus Taylor, PhD; Kathy Wisner, MD. A 5t\ h )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (committee member will be named to replace Kathy Wisner when her resignat\ ion )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (becomes effective Spring, 2001.)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (13. )Tj (Written consent form)Tj (. See Attachment D.)Tj 0 0 1 scn 10.8 0 0 10.8 307.6113 625.92 Tm ( )Tj 0.255 0 Td ( )Tj ET 0 0 0 scn 108 624 102.72 0.24 re f BT 0 0 1 scn /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 613.2 Tm ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 599.52 Tm ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 117 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 118 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (59)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(3.)2( )1( )1(C)-2(W)-5(R)-2(U)-2( )1(I)1(R)-2(B)-1( )1(A)-2(pp)]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.003 Tw 13.078 0 Td [(l)3(i)3(c)1(at)2(i)3(on:)2( Sum)-3(m)-3(ar)1(y o)1(f)2( t)2(h)1(e)1( St)2(udy)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.777 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 675.36 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 256.3469 648.72 Tm [(Su)1(m)-4(m)-4(a)2(r)4(y)1( )1(o)1(f)4( t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(St)6(u)1(d)1(y)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.195 0 Td ( )Tj -4.598 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -20 -1.178 Td [(I)3(nt)4(r)3(oduc)1(t)4(i)4(on)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET 90 621.36 54.48 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 610.8 Tm ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 3.333 0 Td [(T)-2(he)1( pur)3(pos)2(e)1( of)3( t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy i)4(s)2( t)4(o de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1( t)4(he)1( e)1(xpe)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1(s)2( of)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y r)3(e)1(l)4(a)1(t)4(e)1(d t)4(o )]TJ -3.333 -1.178 Td [(di)4(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(m)-5(i)4(na)1(t)4(i)4(on on t)4(he)1( C)-3(a)1(s)2(e)1( W)-8(e)1(s)2(t)4(e)1(r)3(n R)-3(e)1(s)2(e)1(r)3(ve)1( U)-4(ni)4(ve)1(r)3(s)2(i)4(t)4(y \()3(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4(\))3( c)1(a)1(m)-5(pus)2(.)5( T)-2(hi)4(s)2( 2)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 33.066 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(pa)1(r)3(t)4( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( )]TJ -0.009 Tw -33.405 -1.178 Td [(c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(s)2(s)2(i)4(one)1(d )]TJ -0.005 Tw 6.139 0 Td [(by t)4(he)1( F)-1(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y S)-1(e)1(na)1(t)4(e)1(,)5( i)4(nvol)4(ve)1(s)2( 1\))3( a)1(n a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( of)3( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y da)1(t)4(a)1( i)4(n or)3(de)1(r)3( t)4(o )]TJ -6.139 -1.156 Td [(de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1( c)1(ur)3(r)3(e)1(nt)4( c)1(ha)1(r)3(a)1(c)1(t)4(e)1(r)3(i)4(s)2(t)4(i)4(c)1(s)2(,)5( di)4(s)2(c)1(r)3(e)1(pa)1(nc)1(i)4(e)1(s)2( a)1(nd a)1(ny s)2(ys)2(t)4(e)1(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(c)1( bi)4(a)1(s)2(e)1(s)2(;)4( a)1(nd 2\))3( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(i)4(nt)4(e)1(r)3(vi)4(e)1(w)-5(s)2( of)2( f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( a)1(bout)4( t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( pe)1(r)3(c)1(e)1(pt)4(i)4(ons)2( of)2( t)4(he)1( e)1(nvi)4(r)3(onm)-5(e)1(nt)4( f)2(or)3( w)-5(om)]TJ -0.005 Tw 33.744 0 Td [(e)1(n on t)4(he)1( )]TJ -33.744 -1.178 Td [(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( c)1(a)1(m)-5(pus)2(.)5( A)-4(l)4(t)4(hough C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( gr)3(a)1(dua)1(t)4(e)1( a)1(nd unde)1(r)3(gr)3(a)1(dua)1(t)4(e)1( s)2(t)4(ude)1(nt)4( popul)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(ons)2( i)4(nc)1(l)4(ude)1( )]TJ 0 -1.156 TD [(s)2(ubs)2(t)4(a)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4( num)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( of)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n,)5( a)1(nd s)2(i)4(nc)1(e)1( 1987 r)3(e)1(c)1(r)3(ui)4(t)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( of)3( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y ha)1(s)2( e)1(m)-5(pha)1(s)2(i)4(z)1(e)1(d )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(a)1(f)2(f)2(i)4(r)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(ve)1( a)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(on e)1(f)2(f)2(or)3(t)4(s)2(,)5( a)1(n a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( of)2( t)4(he)1( ge)1(nde)1(r)3( c)1(om)-5(pos)2(i)4(t)4(i)4(on of)2( t)4(he)1( f)2(a)1(c)]TJ 30.208 0 Td [(ul)4(t)4(y s)2(how)-4(s)2( t)4(ha)1(t)4( t)4(he)1( )]TJ -30.208 -1.178 Td [(pe)1(r)3(c)1(e)1(nt)4( of)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n on f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y r)3(e)1(m)-5(a)1(i)4(ns)2( r)3(e)1(l)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(ve)1(l)4(y f)3(l)4(a)1(t)4( or)3( f)3(i)4(xe)1(d \()3(J)2(e)1(nt)4(of)3(f)3(,)5( 2000\))3(.)5( F)-1(or)3( t)4(he)1( a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)4(c)1( )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(ye)1(a)1(r)3( be)1(gi)4(nni)4(ng i)4(n F)-1(a)1(l)4(l)4( 2000,)5( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n r)3(e)1(pr)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(nt)4(e)1(d 29%)-6( of)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y,)5( a)1( pe)1(r)3(c)1(e)1(nt)4(a)1(ge)1( t)4(ha)1(t)4( i)4(s)2( )]TJ 0 -1.156 TD [(unc)1(ha)1(nge)1(d f)3(r)3(om)-5( 1998)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 9.278 0 Td [(99.)5( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.528 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw -7.472 -1.178 Td [(T)-6(h)-4(e)-3(r)-1(e)-3( is)-2( little)-3( p)-4(u)-4(b)-4(lis)-2(h)-4(e)-3(d)-4( in)]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.692 0 Td [(f)3(or)4(m)-5(a)2(t)5(i)5(on a)2(bout)5( t)5(he)2( di)5(s)2(c)2(r)4(i)5(m)-5(i)5(na)2(t)5(i)5(on of)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)2(n i)5(n a)2(c)2(a)2(de)2(m)-5(i)5(a)2(.)5( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -14.026 -1.178 Td [(T)-2(hus)2(,)5( t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy i)4(s)2( a)1(nc)1(hor)3(e)1(d i)4(n t)4(he)1( f)3(i)4(ndi)4(ngs)2( of)3( a)1( pr)3(e)1(vi)4(ous)2( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( \221)3(A)-4( S)-1(t)4(udy on t)4(he)1( S)-1(t)4(a)1(t)4(us)2( of)3( W)-8(om)-5(e)1(n )]TJ 0.01 Tc T* [(Fa)2(c)2(u)1(l)6(t)6(y)1( i)6(n )1(Sc)2(i)6(e)2(n)1(c)2(e)2( )1(a)2(t)6( )1(M)-7(I)4(T)-1(,)5(\222)4( c)2(o)1(n)1(d)1(u)1(c)2(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(a)2(t)6( )1(t)6(he)2( )1(M)-6(a)2(s)3(s)3(a)2(c)2(h)1(u)1(s)2(e)2(t)6(t)6(s)3( )1(I)4(n)1(s)3(t)6(i)6(t)6(u)1(t)6(e)2( )1(o)1(f)4( T)-1(e)1(c)2(h)1(n)1(o)1(l)6(o)1(g)1(y)1( )1(\()4(M)-6(I)4(T)-1(\))4(,)6( )1(1)1(9)1(9)1(5)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 39.458 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -39.458 -1.178 Td [(1999.)5( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 2.546 0 Td [(D)-3(r)4(.)6( )1(N)-3(a)2(n)1(c)2(y)1( )1(H)-4(o)1(p)1(k)1(i)6(n)1(s)3(,)6( )1(Pr)4(o)1(f)4(e)2(s)3(s)3(or)4( )1(a)2(n)1(d)1( )1(c)2(h)1(a)2(i)6(r)4( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(t)6(h)1(e)1( )1(f)4(i)6(r)4(s)3(t)6( )1(M)-6(I)4(T)-1( )1(c)2(o)1(m)-4(m)-4(i)6(t)6(t)6(e)2(e)1( )1(\()4(1)1(9)1(9)1(5)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 30.125 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(1997\))3(,)5( w)-4(a)1(s)2( )]TJ -33.011 -1.178 Td [(r)3(e)1(s)2(pons)2(i)4(bl)4(e)1( f)2(or)3( m)-5(uc)1(h of)2( t)4(he)1( da)1(t)4(a)1( c)1(ol)4(l)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(on a)1(nd a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( a)1(nd t)4(he)1( f)2(i)4(na)1(l)4( r)3(e)1(por)3(t)4(.)5( I)3(n he)1(r)3( vi)4(s)2(i)4(t)4( t)4(o C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(i)4(n S)-2(e)1(pt)4(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(,)4( 2000,)4( s)2(he)1( m)-5(e)1(t)4( w)-5(i)4(t)4(h num)-5(e)1(r)3(ous)2( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-5( gr)3(oups)2(,)4( i)4(nc)1(l)4(udi)4(ng t)4(he)1( R)-3(e)1(s)2(o)]TJ -0.005 Tw 32.419 0 Td [(ur)3(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y )]TJ -32.419 -1.156 Td [(C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( \()3(R)-3(E)-2(C)-3(\))3(.)5( T)-2(he)1( gi)4(s)2(t)4( of)3( he)1(r)3( f)3(i)4(ndi)4(ngs)2( a)1(r)3(e)1( i)4(nc)1(l)4(ude)1(d t)4(he)1( f)3(ol)4(l)4(ow)-4(i)4(ng poi)4(nt)4(s)2( a)1(bout)4( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n )]TJ 0.01 Tc T* [(f)3(a)2(c)2(ul)5(t)5(y i)5(n s)2(c)2(i)5(e)2(nc)2(e)2( \()4(M)-7(I)4(T)-2(,)5( 1999,)5( p.)5( 4\))4(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.793 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -11.46 -1.178 Td (1.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(J)2(uni)4(or)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(e)1(l)4(t)4( w)-4(e)1(l)4(l)4( s)2(uppor)3(t)4(e)1(d w)-4(i)4(t)4(hi)4(n t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( de)1(pa)1(r)3(t)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( a)1(nd m)-5(os)2(t)4( do not)4( be)1(l)4(i)4(e)1(ve)1( )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(th)-4(a)-3(t g)-4(e)-3(n)-4(d)-4(e)-3(r)-1( b)-4(ia)-3(s)-2( w)-9(ill im)-9(p)-4(a)-3(c)-3(t th)-4(e)-3(ir)-1( c)-3(a)]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 14.593 0 Td [(re)-2(e)-2(rs)-1(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.233 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -18.494 -1.178 Td (2.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(I)3(n c)1(ont)4(r)3(a)1(s)2(t)4( t)4(o j)4(uni)4(or)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n,)5( s)2(e)1(ni)4(or)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)2(e)1(e)1(l)4( m)-5(a)1(r)3(gi)4(na)1(l)4(i)4(z)1(e)1(d a)1(nd e)1(xc)1(l)4(ude)1(d f)2(r)3(om)-5( a)1( )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(s)2(i)4(gni)4(f)3(i)4(c)1(a)1(nt)4( r)3(ol)4(e)1( i)4(n t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( de)1(pa)1(r)3(t)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4(s)2(.)5( M)-7(a)1(r)3(gi)4(na)1(l)4(i)4(z)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(on i)4(nc)1(r)3(e)1(a)1(s)2(e)1(s)2( a)1(s)2( t)4(he)1(y pr)3(ogr)3(e)1(s)2(s)2( )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(t)4(hr)3(ough t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( c)1(a)1(r)3(e)1(e)1(r)3(s)2(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.682 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -10.348 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 0.903 0 Td [(D)-8(i)1(s)-2(c)-3(r)-1(i)1(m)-9(i)1(n)-4(a)-3(ti)1(o)-4(n)-4( )1(a)-3(g)-4(a)-3(i)1(n)-4(s)-2(t)1( )1(w)-8(o)-4(m)-9(e)-3(n)-4( )1(s)-2(c)-3(i)1(e)-4(n)-4(t)1(i)1(s)-2(t)1(s)-2( )1(e)-3(x)-4(i)1(s)-2(t)1(e)-3(d)-4( )1(o)-4(n)-4( )1(m)-9(a)-3(n)-4(y)-4( )1(l)1(e)-3(v)-4(e)-3(l)1(s)-2(,)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 26.562 0 Td [(i)4(nc)1(l)4(udi)4(ng s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y a)1(nd )]TJ 0.008 Tc -26.562 -1.178 Td [(acces)1(s)1( t)3(o)-1( r)2(es)1(o)-1(u)-1(r)2(ces)1( \()2(eg)-1(.)4(,)4( s)1(p)-1(ace,)4( r)2(es)1(o)-1(u)-1(r)2(ces)1( f)1(o)-1(r)2( r)2(es)1(ear)2(ch)-1(,)4( t)3(each)-1(i)3(n)-1(g)-1( o)-1(b)-1(l)3(i)3(g)-1(at)3(i)3(o)-1(n)-1(s)1(\))2(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 31.108 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -32.775 -1.178 Td (4.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(T)-2(he)1( di)4(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(m)-5(i)4(na)1(t)4(i)4(on i)4(s)2( bot)4(h c)1(ons)2(c)1(i)4(ous)2( a)1(nd unc)1(ons)2(c)1(i)4(ous)2(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.263 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -23.929 -1.156 Td (5.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(T)-3(h)-1(es)1(e p)-1(at)3(t)3(er)2(n)-1(s)1( o)-1(f)2( m)-6(ar)2(g)-1(i)3(n)-1(al)3(i)3(zat)3(i)3(o)-1(n)-1( an)-1(d)-1( d)-1(i)3(s)1(cr)2(i)3(m)-6(i)3(n)-1(at)3(i)3(o)-1(n)-1( r)2(ep)-1(eat)3( t)3(h)-1(em)-6(s)1(el)3(v)-1(es)1( i)3(n)-1( s)1(u)-1(cces)1(s)1(i)3(v)-1(e )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(ge)1(ne)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(i)4(ons)2( of)3( w)]TJ 6.788 0 Td [(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.6 0 Td ( )Tj -17.389 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(T)-2(he)1( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2( f)3(or)3( t)4(he)1( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( s)2(t)4(udy a)1(r)3(e)1(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.827 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -16.494 -1.178 Td (1.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(I)3(s)2( t)4(he)1(r)3(e)1( s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y e)1(qui)4(t)4(y f)2(or)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n a)1(t)4( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 17.96 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -19.627 -1.178 Td (2.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(A)-4(r)3(e)1( )1(t)5(he)1(r)3(e)1( di)5(s)2(cr)3(e)1(pa)1(nc)1(i)5(e)1(s)2( )1(be)1(t)5(w)-4(e)1(e)1(n )1(m)-5(e)1(n )1(a)1(nd )1(w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n )1(f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)5(t)5(y )1(a)1(nd )1(t)5(he)1(i)5(r)3( )1(a)1(c)1(c)1(e)1(s)2(s)2( )1(t)5(o )]TJ 0.008 Tc T* [(acad)-1(em)-6(i)3(c r)2(es)1(o)-1(u)-1(r)2(ces)1(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.397 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -10.063 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(A)-4(r)3(e)1( )1(t)5(he)1(r)3(e)1( pe)1(r)3(c)1(e)1(i)5(ve)1(d )1(ba)1(r)3(r)3(i)5(e)1(r)3(s)2( )1(t)5(ha)1(t)5( )1(a)1(r)3(e)1( )1(e)1(m)-5(be)1(dde)1(d )1(i)5(n )1(t)5(he)1( )1(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 24.971 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(or)3(ga)1(ni)4(z)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4( c)1(ul)4(t)4(ur)3(e)1( )]TJ 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw -25.225 -1.178 Td [(a)-3(n)-4(d)-4(/o)-4(r)-1( in)-4(s)-2(titu)-4(tio)-4(n)-4(a)-3(l p)-4(r)-1(a)-3(c)-3(tic)-3(e)-3(s)-2(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.048 0 Td ( )Tj -17.048 -1.178 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(R)-3(e)2(s)3(e)2(a)1(r)2(c)2(h)-1( )1(D)-3(e)2(s)3(i)6(g)1(n )1(a)1(nd )1(Su)-1(bj)3(e)2(c)2(t)4(s)3(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.382 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -13.382 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw 3.333 0 Td [(A)-6( )1(c)-1(r)1(o)-2(ss)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.083 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(s)2(e)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4(,)5( m)-5(ul)4(t)4(i)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.28 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(m)-5(e)1(t)4(hod de)1(s)2(i)4(gn w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( us)2(e)1(d f)3(or)3( t)4(hi)4(s)2( t)4(w)-4(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 16.097 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(pa)1(r)3(t)4( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( i)4(n w)-4(hi)4(c)1(h 1\))3( )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.003 Tw -29.811 -1.178 Td [(t)3(h)-1(e m)-6(o)-1(s)1(t)3( r)2(ecen)-1(t)3( s)1(al)3(ar)2(y)-1( d)-1(at)3(a f)1(r)2(o)-1(m)-6( )]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 13.349 0 Td [(a)-3(l)1(l)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.075 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.003 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(f)1(acu)-2(l)3(t)3(y)-2( w)-6(i)3(l)3(l)3( b)-2(e co)-2(l)3(l)3(ect)3(ed)-2( an)-2(d)-2( an)-2(al)3(y)-2(zed)-2( an)-2(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 17.138 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(2\))3( f)3(or)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( )]TJ -32.071 -1.156 Td [(gr)3(oups)2(,)5( pur)3(pos)2(i)4(ve)1( s)2(a)1(m)-5(pl)4(i)4(ng w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( us)2(e)1(d t)4(o s)2(e)1(l)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(s)2( f)3(or)3( one)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 26.789 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(t)4(i)4(m)-5(e)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2(.)4( I)3(n or)3(de)1(r)3( t)4(o )]TJ -0.005 Tw -27.128 -1.178 Td [(m)-5(a)1(xi)4(m)-5(i)4(z)1(e)1( di)4(s)2(c)1(us)2(s)2(i)4(on,)5( but)4( a)1(l)4(s)2(o r)3(e)1(pr)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(nt)4( a)1( r)3(a)1(nge)1( of)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y,)5( t)4(he)1( c)1(om)-5(pos)2(i)4(t)4(i)4(on of)3( e)1(a)1(c)1(h of)3( t)4(he)1( 5 )]TJ 0.01 Tc 0 -1.178 TD [(f)3(oc)2(us)2( gr)4(oups)2( w)-4(i)5(l)5(l)5( be)2( de)2(t)5(e)2(r)4(m)-5(i)5(ne)2(d by r)4(a)2(nk a)2(nd)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 18.188 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(ge)1(nde)1(r)3(:)4( 1\))3( t)4(e)1(nur)3(e)1(d w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y \()]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.396 0 Td (>)Tj 0.574 0 Td ( )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(ra)-2(n)-3(k)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.81 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(A)-4(s)2(s)2(oc)1(i)5(a)1(t)5(e)1( )]TJ ET 444.72 77.52 6.24 0.24 re f 473.04 77.52 2.64 0.24 re f endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 120 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (60)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 709.68 Tm [(P)-3(r)1(o)-2(f)1(e)-1(sso)-2(r)1(\))1(;)3( )1(2)-2(\))1( )1(p)-2(r)1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.128 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(t)4(e)1(nur)3(e)1( w)-5(om)-5(e)1(n f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y \()]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.475 0 Td (<)Tj 0.574 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(r)3(a)1(nk of)2( A)-4(s)2(s)2(i)4(s)2(t)4(a)1(nt)4( P)-1(r)3(of)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(or)3(\))3(;)4( 3\))3( m)-5(i)4(xe)1(d r)3(a)1(nk,)5( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n )]TJ ET 272.88 707.76 6.24 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 696.96 Tm [(f)3(a)2(c)2(ul)5(t)5(y;)5( 4\))4( m)-5(i)5(xe)2(d r)4(a)2(nk,)5( m)-5(a)2(l)5(e)2( f)3(a)2(c)2(ul)5(t)5(y;)5( 5\))4( m)-5(i)5(xe)2(d ge)2(nde)2(r)4(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.117 0 Td ( )Tj -22.117 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.255 0 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw -0.255 -1.178 Td [(P)-3(ro)-1(ced)-2(u)-2(re)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 3.333 0 Td [(Pa)2(r)4(t)6( )1(1)1(.)6( )1(S)-1(a)2(l)6(a)2(r)4(y)1( )1(d)1(a)2(t)6(a)]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 7.467 0 Td [(. S)-6(a)-4(la)-4(r)-2(y)-5( )1(d)-5(a)-4(ta)-4( w)-9(ill b)-5(e)-4( a)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 8.824 0 Td [(bs)2(t)4(r)3(a)1(c)1(t)4(e)1(d f)3(r)3(om)-5( uni)4(ve)1(r)3(s)2(i)4(t)4(y r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(ds)2( f)3(or)3( a)1(l)4(l)4( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y.)5( )]TJ ET 126 657.12 80.64 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 646.32 Tm [(T)-2(o pr)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(r)3(ve)1( c)1(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y,)5( R)-3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( \()3(R)-3(E)-2(C)-3(\))3( m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( not)4( di)4(r)3(e)1(c)1(t)4(l)4(y ve)1(r)3(i)4(f)3(y )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(an)-1(y)-1( o)-1(f)1( t)3(h)-1(e s)1(al)3(ar)2(y)-1( d)-1(at)3(a \()2(i)3(.)4(e.)4(,)4( t)3(h)-1(ey)-1( w)-5(i)3(l)3(l)3( o)-1(n)-1(l)3(y)-1( h)-1(av)-1(e acces)1(s)1( t)3(o)-1( co)-1(d)-1(ed)-1( d)-1(at)3(a\))2(.)4( D)-5(at)3(a co)-1(l)3(l)3(ect)3(ed)-1( f)1(r)2(o)-1(m)-6( t)3(h)-1(i)3(s)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(s)2(t)4(udy c)1(om)-5(pr)3(i)4(s)]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 5.743 0 Td [(e v)-1(ar)2(i)3(ab)-1(l)3(es)1( m)-6(eas)1(u)-1(r)2(ed)-1( o)-1(n)-1( co)-1(n)-1(t)3(i)3(n)-1(u)-1(o)-1(u)-1(s)1(,)4( o)-1(r)2(d)-1(i)3(n)-1(al)3( an)-1(d)-1( cat)3(eg)-1(o)-1(r)2(i)3(cal)3( s)1(cal)3(es)1(.)4( U)-5(n)-1(i)3(v)-1(ar)2(i)3(at)3(e \()2(e.)4(g)-1(.)4(,)4( )]TJ -0.003 Tw -5.743 -1.178 Td [(f)1(r)2(eq)-2(u)-2(en)-2(ci)3(es,)3( m)-7(ean)-2(s,)3( st)3(an)-2(d)-2(ar)2(d)-2( d)-2(ev)-2(i)3(at)3(i)3(o)-2(n)-2(s\))2( an)-2(al)3(y)-2(ses w)-6(i)3(l)3(l)3( b)-2(e co)-2(n)-2(d)-2(u)-2(ct)3(ed)-2( f)1(o)-2(r)2( d)-2(escr)2(i)3(p)-2(t)3(i)3(v)-2(e p)-2(u)-2(r)2(p)-2(o)-2(ses an)-2(d)-2( )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(to)-4( v)-4(e)-3(r)-1(if)-2(y)-4( a)-3(c)-3(c)-3(u)-4(r)-1(a)-3(c)-3(y)-4( o)-4(f)-2( th)-4(e)-3( d)-4(a)-3(ta)-3( s)-2(e)-3(t. O)-9(u)-4(r)-1( m)-9(u)-4(ltiv)-4(a)-3(r)-1(ia)-3(te)-3( s)-2(ta)-3(tis)-2(tic)-3(a)-3(l a)-3(n)-4(a)-3(ly)-4(s)-2(is)]TJ 0 Tc 28.198 0 Td ( )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.002 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(o)-3(f t)1(h)-3(i)1(s)-1( d)-3(a)-2(t)1(a)-2( s)-1(e)-2(t)1( w)-7(i)1(l)1(l)1( fo)-3(l)1(l)1(o)-3(w)-7( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -28.452 -1.178 Td [(s)2(ugge)1(s)2(t)4(e)1(d gui)4(de)1(l)4(i)4(ne)1(s)2( i)4(n t)4(he)1( )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc 11.258 0 Td [(H)-3(i)6(g)1(h)1(e)2(r)3( )1(E)-1(du)1(c)2(a)1(t)6(i)6(o)1(n)1( )1(S)1(a)1(l)6(a)1(r)3(y)2( E)-1(v)2(a)1(l)6(u)1(a)1(t)6(i)6(o)1(n)1( )1(K)-2(i)6(t)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 16.464 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(pr)3(e)1(pa)1(r)3(e)1(d by t)4(he)1( A)-4(m)-5(e)1(r)3(i)4(c)1(a)1(n )]TJ 0.01 Tc -27.977 -1.178 Td [(A)-3(s)3(s)3(o)1(c)2(i)6(a)2(t)5(i)6(o)1(n)1( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(U)-3(n)1(i)6(v)1(e)2(r)4(s)3(i)6(t)6(y)1( Pr)4(o)1(f)4(e)2(s)3(s)3(o)1(r)4(s)3(.)6( )1( )1(R)-2(e)1(s)3(u)1(l)6(t)6(s)3( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( r)4(e)2(p)1(o)1(r)4(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(i)6(n)1( )1(a)2(g)1(g)1(r)4(e)2(g)1(a)2(t)5(e)2( )1(f)4(o)1(r)4(m)-4( )1(o)1(n)1(l)6(y)1(,)6( )1(i)6(n)1( )1(a)2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc T* [(m)-5(a)1(nne)1(r)3( t)4(ha)1(t)4( pr)3(e)1(c)1(l)4(ude)1(s)2( i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)3(i)4(c)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(on of)3( i)]TJ 16.32 0 Td [(ndi)4(vi)4(dua)1(l)4( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y,)5( e)1(.)5(g.)5(,)5( w)-4(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( not)4( r)3(e)1(por)3(t)4( t)4(he)1( s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y of)3( a)1( )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.003 Tw -16.32 -1.178 Td [(f)1(em)-7(al)3(e assi)3(st)3(an)-2(t)3( p)-2(r)2(o)-2(f)1(esso)-2(r)2( i)3(n)-2( a d)-2(ep)-2(ar)2(t)3(m)-7(en)-2(t)3( t)3(h)-2(at)3( i)3(n)-2(cl)3(u)-2(d)-2(es o)-2(n)-2(l)3(y)-2( o)-2(n)-2(e w)-6(o)-2(m)-7(an)-2( at)3( t)3(h)-2(at)3( r)2(an)-2(k)-2(.)]TJ 0 0 1 scn 0 Tc 0 Tw 34.677 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 0.255 0 Td ( )Tj -34.932 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 3.333 0 Td [(Pa)2(r)4(t)6( )1(2)1(.)6( )1(F)-1(o)1(c)1(u)1(s)3( )1(g)1(r)4(o)1(u)1(p)1(s)]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 8.374 0 Td [(. E)-7(a)-4(c)-4(h)-5( f)-1(o)-5(c)-4(u)-5(s)-3( g)-5(r)-2(o)-5(u)-5(p)-5( w)-9(ill c)-4(o)-5(n)-5(s)-2(is)-3(t o)-5(f)-2( s)-3(ix)-5( to)-5( e)-4(ig)-5(h)-5(t p)-5(a)-3(r)-2(tic)-4(ip)-5(a)-4(n)-5(ts)-3(, s)-3(m)-10(a)-4(ll )]TJ ET 126 530.64 90.48 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf -0.001 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 519.84 Tm [(e)-3(n)-4(o)-4(u)-4(g)-4(h)-4( to)-4( f)-2(a)-3(c)-3(ilita)-3(te)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.863 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(f)3(ul)5(l)5( pa)2(r)4(t)5(i)5(c)2(i)5(pa)2(t)5(i)5(on but)5( l)5(a)2(r)4(ge)2( e)2(nough t)5(o pr)4(ovi)5(de)2( di)5(ve)2(r)4(s)2(i)5(t)5(y of)3( pe)2(r)4(s)2(pe)2(c)2(t)5(i)5(ve)2(s)2(.)5( F)-1(oc)2(us)2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -8.117 -1.156 Td [(gr)3(oup c)1(onve)1(r)3(s)2(a)1(t)4(i)4(ons)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( a)1(udi)4(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.804 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(de)1(d.)5( P)-1(a)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2( i)4(n t)4(he)1(s)2(e)1( gr)3(oups)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( e)1(nc)1(our)3(a)1(ge)1(d t)4(o )]TJ -14.143 -1.178 Td [(a)1(c)1(t)4( a)1(s)2( K)-4(e)1(y I)3(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(a)1(nt)4(s)2(,)5( r)3(e)1(l)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(ng not)4( onl)4(y t)4(he)1(i)4(r)3( ow)-4(n e)1(xpe)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1( but)4( a)1(l)4(s)2(o t)4(ha)1(t)4( of)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 31.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(co)-1(l)3(l)3(eag)-1(u)-1(es)1( at)3( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -31.593 -1.178 Td [(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4(.)5( T)-2(he)1( goa)1(l)4( of)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2( i)4(s)2( t)4(o i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)3(y t)4(he)1( r)3(a)1(nge)1( of)3( e)1(xpe)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1(s)2( r)3(a)1(t)4(he)1(r)3( t)4(ha)1(n doc)1(um)-5(e)1(nt)4( )]TJ -0.004 Tw T* [(t)4(he)1( pr)3(e)1(va)1(l)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1( of)2( di)4(s)2(t)4(r)3(i)4(but)4(i)4(on of)2( a)1(ny pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(ul)4(a)1(r)3( e)1(xpe)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1(.)4( M)-8(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( of)2( t)4(he)1( R)-3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y )]TJ -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( m)-5(ode)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(e)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2(.)5( R)-3(E)-2(C)-3( m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 22.885 0 Td [(w)-8(i)1(l)1(l)1( )1(b)-4(e)-3( )1(t)1(r)-1(a)-3(i)1(n)-4(e)-3(d)-4( )1(i)1(n)-4( )1(t)1(h)-4(e)-3( )1(f)-1(a)-3(c)-3(i)1(l)1(i)1(t)1(a)-3(t)1(i)1(o)-4(n)-4( )1(o)-4(f)-1( )1(f)-1(o)-4(c)-3(u)-5(s)-2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -22.885 -1.178 Td [(gr)3(oups)2( by E)-2(l)4(e)1(a)1(nor)3( S)-1(t)4(ol)4(l)4(e)1(r)3(,)5( P)-1(h.)5(D)-4(.)5(,)5( a)1( c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3( w)-4(ho ha)1(s)2( c)1(onduc)1(t)4(e)1(d f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2( i)4(n )]TJ 0 -1.156 TD [(pr)3(e)1(vi)4(ous)2( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h i)4(nve)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ga)1(t)4(i)4(ons)2(.)5( T)-2(he)1( f)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( f)3(ol)4(l)4(ow)-4( t)4(ha)1(t)4( of)3( K)-4(r)3(ue)1(ge)1(r)3( a)1(nd K)-4(i)4(ng \()3(1997\))3(.)5( F)-1(or)3( )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(e)1(a)1(c)1(h gr)3(oup,)5( a)1( s)2(e)1(c)1(ond c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(m)-9(e)-3(m)-9(b)-4(e)-3(r)-1( w)-8(ill s)-2(e)-3(r)-1(v)-4(e)-3( a)-3(s)-2( a)-3( f)-1(a)-3(c)-3(ilita)-3(to)-4(r)-1(,)1( w)-8(h)-4(o)-4( w)-8(ill r)-1(e)-3(c)-3(o)-4(r)-1(d)-4( o)-4(b)-4(s)-2(e)-3(r)-1(v)-4(a)-3(tio)-4(n)-4(s)-2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -13.349 -1.178 Td [(r)3(e)1(ga)1(r)3(di)4(ng gr)3(oup dyna)1(m)-5(i)4(c)1(s)2( a)1(nd m)-5(oni)4(t)4(or)3( r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(di)4(ng e)1(qui)4(pm)-5(e)1(nt)4(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 24.862 0 Td ( )Tj -24.862 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 3.333 -1.156 Td [(T)-2(he)1( i)4(nt)4(e)1(r)3(vi)4(e)1(w)-4( gui)4(de)1( f)3(or)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2( c)1(ons)2(i)4(s)2(t)4(s)2( of)3( f)3(i)4(ve)1( que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2(:)4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 31.146 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 367.2 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 140.3999 354.48 Tm [(1.)5( H)-4(ow)-4( do you t)4(hi)4(nk t)4(he)1( e)1(xpe)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1( of)3( be)1(i)4(ng a)1( f)3(a)1(c)]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.002 Tw [(u)-3(l)1(t)1(y)-3( m)-8(e)-2(m)-8(b)-3(e)-2(r a)-2(t)1( C)-6(W)-11(R)-6(U)-7( i)1(s)-1( d)-3(i)1(ffe)-2(re)-2(n)-3(t)1( )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw T* [(f)3(or)4( w)-4(om)-5(e)2(n t)5(ha)2(n i)5(t)5( i)5(s)2( f)3(or)4( m)-5(e)2(n?)2( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.616 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -12.616 -1.733 Td [(2.)5( D)-4(oe)1(s)2( ge)1(nde)1(r)3( m)-5(a)1(ke)1( a)1(ny di)4(f)3(f)3(e)1(r)3(e)1(nc)1(e)1( i)4(n a)1(c)1(c)1(e)1(s)2(s)2( t)4(o r)3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1(s)2( f)3(or)3( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(t)4( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (\226)Tj 33.6 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -33.6 -1.178 Td [(th)-4(in)-4(g)-4(s)-2( lik)-4(e)-3( s)-2(a)-3(la)-3(r)-1(y)-4(, tr)-1(a)-3(v)-4(e)-3(l m)-9(o)-4(n)-4(e)-3(y)-4(, te)-3(a)-3(c)-3(h)-4(in)-4(g)-4( lo)-4(a)-3(d)-4(s)-2(, c)-3(o)-4(m)-9(m)-9(itte)-3(e)-3( a)-3(s)-2(s)-2(ig)-4(n)-4(m)-9(e)-3(n)-4(ts)-2(, la)-3(b)-4( s)-2(p)-4(a)-3(c)-3(e)-3(, )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(acces)1(s)1( t)3(o)-1( cl)3(er)2(i)3(cal)3( o)-1(r)2( o)-1(t)3(h)-1(e)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.01 0 Td [(r)3( s)2(uppor)3(t)4(,)5( i)4(ns)2(t)4(i)4(t)4(ut)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h f)2(unds)2(,)5( s)2(a)1(bba)1(t)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(l)4( or)3( ot)4(he)1(r)3( )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw -10.01 -1.178 Td [(l)3(eav)-1(es)1(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.733 TD [(3.)5( D)-4(o you t)4(hi)4(nk ge)1(nde)1(r)3( m)-5(a)1(ke)1(s)2( a)1(ny di)4(f)3(f)3(e)1(r)3(e)1(nc)1(e)1( i)4(n e)1(ve)1(r)3(yda)1(y i)4(nt)4(e)1(r)3(a)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(on a)1(m)-5(ong f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y,)5( )]TJ 0 -1.156 TD [(be)1(t)4(w)-4(e)1(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(nd a)1(dm)-5(i)4(ni)4(s)2(t)4(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3(s)2(,)5( or)3( be)1(t)4(w)-4(e)1(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(nd s)2(t)4(a)1(f)3(f)3(?)2( D)-4(o pe)1(opl)4(e)1( not)4(i)4(c)1(e)1( )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(ge)1(nde)1(r)3( w)-4(he)1(n t)4(he)1(y t)4(a)]TJ -0.004 Tw 8.23 0 Td [(l)4(k w)-5(i)4(t)4(h one)1( a)1(not)4(he)1(r)3(?)1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -8.23 -1.733 Td [(4.)5( D)-4(oe)1(s)2( t)4(he)1( i)4(m)-5(pa)1(c)1(t)4( of)3( f)3(a)1(m)-5(i)4(l)4(y l)4(i)4(f)3(e)1( di)4(f)3(f)3(e)1(r)3( f)3(or)3( m)-5(e)1(n a)1(nd w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y?)2( D)-4(o w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n a)1(nd )]TJ T* [(m)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(e)1( di)4(f)3(f)3(e)1(r)3(e)1(nt)4( i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( i)4(n ba)1(l)4(a)1(nc)1(i)4(ng w)-4(or)3(k a)1(nd f)3(a)1(m)-5(i)4(l)4(y de)1(m)-5(a)1(nds)2(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 26.728 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -26.728 -1.711 Td [(5.)5( D)-4(o you t)4(hi)4(nk t)4(he)1( i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( f)3(a)1(c)1(i)4(ng w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y c)1(ha)1(nge)1( a)1(c)1(r)3(os)2(s)2( t)4(he)1( a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)4(c)1( c)1(a)1(r)3(e)1(e)1(r)3( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 34.504 0 Td (\226)Tj 0.509 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw -35.014 -1.178 Td (as)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.848 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(w)-6(e)-1(/)3(t)3(h)-2(e)-1(y)-2( )1(m)-7(o)-2(v)-2(e)-1( )1(f)1(r)1(o)-2(m)-7( )1(a)-1(ssi)3(st)3(a)-1(n)-2(t)3( )1(p)-2(r)1(o)-2(f)1(e)-1(sso)-2(r)1( )1(t)3(o)-2( )1(f)1(u)-2(l)3(l)3( )1(p)-2(r)1(o)-2(f)1(e)-1(sso)-2(r)1(? )1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 23.45 0 Td ( )Tj -25.887 -1.733 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(A)-3(f)4(t)6(e)2(r)4( )1(c)2(o)1(m)-4(p)1(l)6(e)1(t)6(i)6(n)1(g)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(i)6(n)1(t)6(e)2(r)4(v)1(i)6(e)2(w)-4( )1(g)1(u)1(i)6(d)1(e)2(,)6( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(m)-4(o)1(d)1(e)1(r)4(a)2(t)5(o)1(r)4( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(c)2(o)1(n)1(c)2(l)6(u)1(d)1(e)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(s)3(e)2(s)3(s)3(i)6(o)1(n)1( w)-3(i)6(t)6(h)1( )1(t)6(w)-3(o)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -3.333 -1.178 Td [(c)1(onc)1(l)4(udi)4(ng que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2(,)5( e)1(a)1(c)1(h of)2( w)-4(hi)4(c)1(h w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( a)1(s)2(ke)1(d i)4(n a)1( r)3(ound)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 24.863 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(r)3(obi)4(n m)-5(a)1(nne)1(r)3(.)5( \()3(1\))3( S)-1(uppos)2(e)1( you ha)1(d )]TJ -25.202 -1.178 Td [(one)1( m)-5(i)4(nut)4(e)1( t)]TJ 5.092 0 Td [(o t)4(a)1(l)4(k t)4(o P)-1(r)3(e)1(s)2(i)4(de)1(nt)4( A)-4(us)2(t)4(on a)1(bout)4( how)-4( t)4(o i)4(m)-5(pr)3(ove)1( t)4(he)1( s)2(i)4(t)4(ua)1(t)4(i)4(on f)3(or)3( w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(t)4( )]TJ -5.092 -1.156 Td [(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4(.)5( W)-8(ha)1(t)4( w)-4(oul)4(d you s)2(a)1(y?)2( a)1(nd \()3(2\))3( H)-4(a)1(ve)1( w)-4(e)1( m)-5(i)4(s)2(s)2(e)1(d a)1(nyt)4(hi)4(ng?)2( I)3(s)2( t)4(he)1(r)3(e)1( a)1(nyt)4(hi)4(ng w)-4(e)1( s)2(houl)4(d )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(ha)1(ve)1( a)1(s)2(ke)1(d but)4( di)4(dn')5(t)4(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.036 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 121 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 122 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (61)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 126 709.68 Tm [(A)-3(f)4(t)6(e)2(r)4( )1(c)2(o)1(n)1(v)1(e)2(ni)6(n)1(g)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(f)4(o)1(c)2(u)1(s)3( )1(gr)4(ou)1(p)1( )1(a)2(n)1(d)1( )1(o)1(b)1(t)6(a)2(i)6(n)1(i)6(n)1(g)1( c)2(o)1(n)1(s)3(e)2(n)1(t)6(,)6( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(g)1(r)]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.002 Tw 25.287 0 Td [(o)-3(u)-3(p)-3(\222s)-1( l)1(e)-2(a)-2(d)-3(e)-2(r w)-7(i)1(l)1(l)1( i)1(n)-3(s)-1(t)1(ru)-3(c)-2(t)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -28.621 -1.178 Td [(pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2( t)4(o a)1(voi)4(d i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)3(i)4(c)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(on of)3( s)2(e)1(l)4(f)3( or)3( ot)4(he)1(r)3(s)2( dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( di)4(s)2(c)1(us)2(s)2(i)4(on.)5( I)3(f)3( a)1( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4( )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)2(i)4(e)1(s)2( he)1(r)3(/)4(hi)4(m)-5(s)2(e)1(l)4(f)2( or)3( a)1(not)4(he)1(r)3( f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3( dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( gr)3(oup,)4( t)4(he)1( gr)3(oup l)4(e)1(a)1(de)1(r)3( w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( r)3(e)1(m)-5(i)4(nd )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(t)4(he)1( gr)3(oup of)2( t)4(he)1( ne)1(e)1(d f)2(or)3( c)1(onf)2(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 15.217 0 Td [(ity)-4( a)-3(n)-4(d)-4( th)-4(e)-3( ty)-4(p)-4(is)-2(t w)-9(ill b)-4(e)-3( in)-4(s)-2(tr)-1(u)-4(c)-3(te)-3(d)-4( to)-4( d)-4(e)-3(le)-3(te)-3( n)-4(a)-3(m)-9(e)-3(s)-2( w)-9(h)-4(e)-3(n)-4( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -15.217 -1.178 Td [(pr)3(e)1(pa)1(r)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(s)2(.)5( T)-2(r)3(a)1(i)4(ne)1(d pe)1(r)3(s)2(onne)1(l)4( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( hi)4(r)3(e)1(d t)4(o t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1( t)4(he)1( t)4(a)1(pe)1( r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(di)4(ngs)2( \()3(a)1(udi)4(o )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(da)1(t)4(a)1(\))3( t)4(o pr)3(i)4(nt)4( da)1(t)4(a)1(.)5( T)-2(he)1( P)-1(r)3(i)4(m)-5(a)1(r)3(y I)3(nve)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ga)1(t)4(or)3( \()3(P)-1(I)3(\))3( or)3( one)1( of)3( t)4(he)1( C)-3(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 26.672 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(I)-1(n)-4(v)-4(e)-3(s)-2(tig)-4(a)-3(to)-4(r)-1(s)-2( w)-8(ill s)-2(u)-4(p)-4(e)-3(r)-1(v)-4(is)-2(e)-3( )]TJ 0 Tw -27.012 -1.156 Td [(tr)-1(a)-3(n)-4(s)-2(c)-3(r)-1(ip)-4(tio)-4(n)-4(. T)-6(h)-4(e)-3( P)-6(I)-1( w)-9(ill s)-2(a)-3(v)-4(e)-3( a)-3(ll c)-3(o)-4(n)-4(s)-2(e)-3(n)-4(t f)-2(o)-4(r)-1(m)-9(s)-2( f)-2(o)-4(r)-1( th)-4(r)-1(e)-3(e)-3( y)-4(e)-3(a)-3(r)-1(s)-2(; a)-3(f)-2(te)-3(r)-1( w)-9(h)-4(ic)-3(h)-4( tim)-9(e)-3( th)-4(e)-3(y)-4( w)-9(ill b)-4(e)-3( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(de)1(s)2(t)4(r)3(oye)1(d.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.214 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -0.881 -1.178 Td [(A)-3(u)1(d)1(i)6(o)1( )1(r)4(e)2(c)2(or)4(di)6(n)1(g)1(s)3( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(s)2(e)2(s)3(s)3(i)6(o)1(n)1(s)3( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)6(l)6( )1(be)2( )1(m)-4(a)2(d)1(e)2(,)6( )1(w)-3(i)6(t)6(h)1( )1(t)5(h)1(e)1( )1(i)6(n)1(f)4(o)1(r)4(m)-4(e)2(d)1( )1(c)2(o)1(n)1(s)3(e)2(n)1(t)6( o)1(f)4( t)6(h)1(e)2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -3.333 -1.156 Td [(pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2(.)5( A)-4( de)1(br)3(i)4(e)1(f)3(i)4(ng s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(on be)1(t)4(w)-4(e)1(e)1(n t)4(he)1( m)-5(ode)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3( a)1(nd f)3(a)1(c)1(i)4(l)4(i)]TJ -0.004 Tw 27.548 0 Td [(t)4(a)1(t)4(or)3(,)4( a)1(f)2(t)4(e)1(r)3( e)1(a)1(c)1(h f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup )]TJ -0.005 Tw -27.548 -1.178 Td [(s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(on,)5( pr)3(ovi)4(de)1(s)2( a)1(n oppor)3(t)4(uni)4(t)4(y f)3(or)3( t)4(he)1( m)-5(ode)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3( a)1(nd f)3(a)1(c)1(i)4(l)4(i)4(t)4(a)1(t)4(or)3( t)4(o s)2(ha)1(r)3(e)1( f)3(i)4(r)3(s)2(t)4( i)4(m)-5(pr)3(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2(,)5( )]TJ T* [(s)2(um)-5(m)-5(a)1(r)3(i)4(z)1(e)1( ke)1(y f)3(i)4(ndi)4(ngs)2(,)5( a)1(nd c)1(om)-5(pa)1(r)3(e)1( e)1(a)1(c)1(h s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(on w)-4(i)4(t)4(h pr)3(e)1(vi)4(ous)2( s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2(.)5( T)-2(a)1(pe)1(s)2( of)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( )]TJ 0 -1.156 TD [(gr)3(oup a)1(nd de)1(br)3(i)4(e)1(f)3(i)4(ng s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( )]TJ -0.004 Tw 15.445 0 Td [(t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1(d.)4( A)-5(l)4(l)4( na)1(m)-5(e)1(s)2(,)4( bot)4(h of)2( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2( a)1(nd ot)4(he)1(r)3( )]TJ -0.005 Tw -15.445 -1.178 Td [(pe)1(opl)4(e)1( m)-5(e)1(nt)4(i)4(one)1(d dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2(,)5( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( de)1(l)4(e)1(t)4(e)1(d f)3(r)3(om)-5( t)4(he)1( t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(s)2(.)5( T)-2(a)1(pe)1(s)2( a)1(nd )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(tr)-1(a)-3(n)-4(s)-2(c)-3(r)-1(ip)-4(ts)-2( w)-9(ill b)-4(e)-3( s)-2(to)-4(r)-1(e)-3(d)-4( in)-4( a)-3( lo)-4(c)-3(k)-4(e)-3(d)-4( f)-2(ile)-3( c)-3(a)-3(b)-4(in)-4(e)-3(t in)-4( th)-4(e)-3( o)-4(f)-2(f)-2(ic)-3(e)-3( o)-4(f)-2( th)-4(e)-3( P)-5(.I)-1(., w)-9(h)-4(o)-4( is)-2( a)-3(ls)-2(o)-4( th)-4(e)-3( c)-3(h)-4(a)-3(ir)-1( o)-4(f)-2( )]TJ T* [(th)-4(e)-3( G)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 2.234 0 Td [(e)1(nde)1(r)3( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1(.)5( T)-2(a)1(pe)1(s)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( de)1(s)2(t)4(r)3(oye)1(d a)1(t)4( t)4(he)1( c)1(onc)1(l)4(us)2(i)4(on of)2( t)4(he)1( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 34.138 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -33.039 -1.156 Td [(St)6(a)2(n)1(d)1(a)2(r)4(d)1( )1(m)-5(e)2(t)6(h)1(o)1(d)1(s)3( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(c)2(o)1(n)1(t)6(e)2(nt)6( )1(a)2(n)1(a)2(l)6(y)1(s)3(i)6(s)3( )1(w)-3(i)6(l)5(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(a)2(p)1(p)1(l)6(i)6(e)2(d)1( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(t)5(h)1(e)2( )1(t)6(r)4(a)2(n)1(s)3(c)2(r)4(i)6(p)1(t)6(s)3( a)2(n)1(d )1(n)1(a)2(r)4(r)4(a)2(t)6(i)6(v)1(e)2(s)3(.)6( )1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -3.333 -1.178 Td [(C)-3(odi)4(ng w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( l)4(i)4(m)-5(i)4(t)4(e)1(d t)4(o m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)2( of)3( t)4(he)1( G)-4(e)1(nde)1(r)3( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1(;)4( no ot)4(he)1(r)3( pe)1(r)3(s)2(ons)2( )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0 Tw 35.36 0 Td [(w)-8(i)1(l)1(l)1( )1(b)-4(e)-3( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw -35.36 -1.178 Td [(gi)4(ve)1(n c)1(opi)4(e)1(s)2( of)3( t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(s)2(.)5( L)-2(i)4(ne)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.942 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.339 0 Td (by)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 0.005 Tc 1.358 0 Td [(lin)-4(e)-3( c)-3(o)-4(d)-4(in)-4(g)-4( w)-9(ill y)-4(ie)-3(ld)-4( a)-3( s)-2(e)-3(t o)-4(f)-2( d)-4(e)-3(s)-2(c)-3(r)-1(ip)-4(tiv)-4(e)-3( )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw -21.639 -1.156 Td [(co)-1(d)-1(es)1( r)2(ef)1(l)3(ect)3(i)3(n)-1(g)-1( at)3(t)3(i)3(t)3(u)-1(d)-1(es)1( an)-1(d)-1( ex)-1(p)-1(er)2(i)3(en)-1(ces)1( r)2(eg)-1(ar)2(d)-1(i)3(n)-1(g)-1( t)3(h)-1(e i)3(m)-6(p)-1(act)3( o)-1(f)1( g)-1(en)-1(d)-1(er)2( o)-1(n)-1( car)2(eer)2( ex)-1(p)-1(er)2(i)3(en)-1(ces)1( o)-1(f)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y.)5( W)-8(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( us)2(e)1( t)4(he)1( c)1(ons)2(t)4(a)1(nt)4( c)1(om)-5(pa)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(i)4(ve)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.203 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(m)-5(e)1(t)4(hod of)3( a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( t)4(o ge)1(ne)1(r)3(a)1(t)4(e)1( )]TJ -0.004 Tw -22.458 -1.178 Td [(t)4(he)1(or)3(e)1(t)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(l)4(l)4(y gr)3(ounde)1(d c)1(ons)2(t)4(r)3(uc)1(t)4(s)2( ba)1(s)2(e)1(d on t)4(he)1(s)2(e)1( c)1(ode)1(s)2(.)4( T)-2(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(i)4(ons)2( a)1(nd na)1(r)3(r)3(a)1(t)4(i)4(ve)1(s)2( w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( t)4(he)1(n )]TJ -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(be)1( r)3(e)1(c)1(ode)1(d a)1(nd s)2(um)-5(m)-5(a)1(r)3(i)4(z)1(e)1(d r)3(e)1(l)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(ve)1( t)4(o t)4(he)1(s)2(e)1( gr)3(ounde)1(d c)1(ons)2(t)4(r)3(uc)1(t)4(s)2( a)1(nd a)1(s)2(s)2(oc)1(i)4(a)1(t)4(e)1(d c)1(ode)1(s)2(.)5( )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(T)-3(h)-1(eo)-1(r)2(et)3(i)3(cal)3( m)-6(em)-6(o)-1(s)1( w)-5(i)3(l)3(l)3( b)-1(e g)-1(en)-1(er)2(at)3(ed)-1( as)1( i)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 16.742 0 Td [(ns)2(i)4(ght)4(s)2( r)3(e)1(ga)1(r)3(di)4(ng t)4(he)1( c)1(ons)2(t)4(r)3(uc)1(t)4(s)2( a)1(nd c)1(ode)1(s)2( a)1(r)3(e)1( )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw -16.742 -1.178 Td [(el)3(ab)-1(o)-1(r)2(at)3(ed)-1(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0.001 Tw 6.96 0 0 6.96 138.5547 411.12 Tm ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 142.0547 406.08 Tm [(I)2(l)3(l)3(u)-1(s)1(t)3(r)2(at)3(i)3(v)-1(e s)1(eg)-1(m)-6(en)-1(t)3(s)1( o)-1(f)1( t)3(ex)-1(t)3(u)-1(al)3( d)-1(at)3(a w)-5(i)3(l)3(l)3( b)-1(e at)3(t)3(ach)-1(ed)-1( t)3(o)-1( each)-1( co)-1(d)-1(e.)4( T)-3(h)-1(es)1(e \223ch)-1(u)-1(n)-1(k)-1(s)1(\224 o)-1(f)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -4.82 -1.178 Td [(t)4(e)1(xt)4(ua)1(l)4( da)1(t)4(a)1( w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( us)2(e)1(d t)4(o de)1(vi)4(s)2(e)1( que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(onna)1(i)4(r)3(e)1( i)4(t)4(e)1(m)-5(s)2( f)2(or)3( a)1( f)2(ut)4(ur)3(e)1( f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y s)2(ur)3(ve)1(y de)1(s)2(i)4(gne)1(d t)4(o )]TJ -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(de)1(t)4(e)1(r)3(m)-5(i)4(ne)1( t)4(he)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.571 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(pr)3(e)1(va)1(l)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1( a)1(nd di)4(s)2(t)4(r)3(i)4(but)4(i)4(on of)3( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(ul)4(a)1(r)3( a)1(t)4(t)4(i)4(t)4(ude)1(s)2( a)1(nd e)1(xpe)1(r)3(i)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1(s)2( i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)3(i)4(e)1(d )]TJ -0.004 Tw -5.826 -1.178 Td [(t)4(hr)3(ough t)4(he)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2(.)]TJ 0 0 1 scn 0 Tc 0.005 Tw 10.41 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -7.077 -1.178 Td [(A)-3(f)4(t)6(e)2(r)4( )1(a)2(l)6(l)6( d)1(a)2(t)6(a)2( )1(a)2(r)4(e)2( )1(a)2(n)1(a)2(l)6(y)1(z)2(e)2(d)1(,)5( )1(a)2( )1(f)4(i)6(n)1(a)2(l)6( )1(r)4(e)2(p)1(o)1(r)4(t)6( )1(w)-3(i)5(l)6(l)6( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(w)-3(r)4(i)6(t)6(t)6(e)2(n)1( )1(a)2(n)1(d)1( s)3(u)1(b)1(m)-4(i)6(t)6(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(t)6(o)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)1( )1(Pr)4(o)1(v)1(o)1(s)3(t)6( )1(a)2(n)1(d)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw -3.333 -1.156 Td [(t)4(he)1( F)-2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y S)-2(e)1(na)1(t)4(e)1(.)4( T)-2(he)1( r)3(e)1(por)3(t)4( w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( i)4(nc)1(l)4(ude)1( doc)1(um)-5(e)1(nt)4(a)1(t)4(i)]TJ -0.005 Tw 22.683 0 Td [(on of)3( a)1(l)4(l)4( f)3(i)4(ndi)4(ngs)2(,)5( s)2(ugge)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2( f)3(or)3( pol)4(i)4(c)1(y )]TJ -0.004 Tw -22.683 -1.178 Td [(i)4(m)-5(pl)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(t)4(i)4(ons)2(,)4( a)1(nd r)3(e)1(c)1(om)-5(m)-5(e)1(nda)1(t)4(i)4(ons)2( f)2(or)3( f)2(ut)4(ur)3(e)1( s)2(t)4(udi)4(e)1(s)2(.)4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.233 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 123 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 124 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (62)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 297.3486 708.72 Tm (References)Tj ( )Tj 2.221 -1.14 Td ( )Tj -16.5 -1.16 Td (American Association of University Professors. )Tj (Higher Education Salary )Tj ET 358.56 679.2 118.56 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 667.44 Tm (Evaluation Kit)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 90 665.52 70.32 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 653.52 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Krueger, R. A. & King, J. A. \(1997\). )Tj (Involving Community )Tj (Members in Focus )Tj ET 305.76 637.92 199.44 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 625.92 Tm (Groups)Tj (. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, Inc.)Tj ( )Tj ( )Tj ( )Tj ET 90 624 35.28 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 612.24 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Jentoff, J. \(October 25, 2000\). [ǿմý] Faculty Progress Report for Aff\ irmative )Tj -3 -1.14 Td (Action Programs for the 1999)Tj (-)Tj (2000 Academic Year.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Massachusetts Institute of Technology \(1999\). A Study on the )Tj (Status of Women )Tj -3 -1.16 Td (Faculty in Science at MIT.)Tj ( )Tj T* ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 125 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 126 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (63)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(4.)2( )1( )1(C)-2(W)-5(R)-2(U)-2( )1(I)1(R)-2(B)-1( )1(A)-2(ppl)3(i)3(c)1(at)2(i)3(on:)2( )1(D)-2(r)1(a)1(f)2(t)2( )1(L)-1(e)1(t)2(t)2(e)1(r)1( )1(t)2(o )]TJ 0.004 Tc -0.001 Tw 0 -1.167 TD [(p)-2(ro)-1(sp)-2(ecti)1(v)-1(e p)-2(a)-1(rti)1(ci)1(p)-2(a)-1(n)-2(ts)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.409 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 656.88 Tm ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 9.84 0 0 9.84 414 645.12 Tm [(J)3(a)2(n)1(u)1(a)2(r)4(y)1( )1(8)1(,)5( )1(2)1(0)1(0)1(1)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.463 0 Td ( )Tj -39.39 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw -21.951 -1.171 Td [(D)-5(ear)1( F)-2(acu)-1(l)3(t)3(y)-1( C)-4(o)-1(l)2(l)3(eag)-1(u)-1(e,)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.171 TD ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(T)-2(ha)1(nk you f)2(or)2( a)1(gr)2(e)1(e)1(i)3(ng t)3(o r)2(e)1(vi)3(e)1(w)-4( i)4(nf)2(or)2(m)-5(a)1(t)3(i)4(on a)1(bout)4( t)3(he)1( C)-3(W)-7(R)-3(U)-4( G)-4(e)1(nde)1(r)2( E)-2(qui)3(t)4(y s)1(t)3(udy.)4( T)-2(he)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 37.254 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(pur)3(pos)2(e)1( of)2( t)4(hi)4(s)2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -37.508 -1.171 Td [(s)3(t)5(u)1(d)1(y)1( )1(i)5(s)3( )1(t)5(o)1( )1(o)1(b)1(t)5(a)2(i)5(n)1( )1(y)1(o)1(u)1(r)4( )1(o)1(p)1(i)5(n)1(i)5(o)1(n)1(s)3( )1(a)2(b)1(o)1(u)1(t)5( )1(f)4(a)2(c)2(u)1(l)5(t)5(y)1( )1(r)4(e)2(s)3(o)1(u)1(r)4(c)1(e)2( )1(e)2(q)1(u)1(i)5(t)5(y)1( )1(i)5(s)3(s)3(u)1(e)2(s)3( )1(a)2(t)5( )1(C)-1(a)2(s)3(e)2( )1(W)-6(e)2(s)3(t)5(e)2(r)4(n)1( )1(R)-1(e)2(s)3(e)2(r)4(v)1(e)2( )1(U)-2(n)1(i)5(v)1(e)2(r)4(s)3(i)5(t)4(y)1( )]TJ 0.008 Tc T* [(\()3(C)-2(W)-7(R)-2(U)-3(\))3(.)4( W)-7(e)1( hope)1( t)4(hi)4(s)2( i)4(nf)2(or)3(m)-4(a)1(t)4(i)4(on w)-3(i)4(l)4(l)4( he)1(l)4(p you de)1(c)1(i)4(de)1( w)-3(he)1(t)4(he)1(r)3( or)3( not)4( t)4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(e)1( i)4(n a)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup.)4( )]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(A)-5(s a p)-1(ar)1(t)3(i)3(ci)3(p)-1(an)-1(t)3( i)3(n)-1( a f)1(o)-1(cu)-1(s g)-1(r)]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 11.74 0 Td [(oup,)4( you w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( a)1(s)2(ke)1(d t)4(o pr)3(ovi)4(de)1( your)3( opi)4(ni)4(on a)1(bout)4( s)2(uc)1(h i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( a)1(s)2( s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y )]TJ -11.74 -1.171 Td [(e)1(qui)4(t)4(y a)1(nd s)2(uppor)3(t)4( f)2(or)3( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h;)4( e)1(.)4(g.)4(,)4( l)4(a)1(bor)3(a)1(t)4(or)3(y s)2(pa)1(c)1(e)1(,)4( a)1(va)1(i)4(l)4(a)1(bi)4(l)4(i)4(t)4(y of)2( gr)3(a)1(dua)1(t)4(e)1( s)2(t)4(ude)1(nt)4(s)2(,)4( a)1(c)1(c)1(e)1(s)2(s)2( t)4(o t)4(r)3(a)1(ve)1(l)4( )]TJ T* [(f)2(unds)1(.)4( Y)-4(ou w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( a)1(l)4(s)1(o be)1( a)1(s)1(ke)1(d a)1(bout)4( t)4(he)1( i)4(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(a)1(l)4( c)1(a)1(m)-5(pus)1( c)1(ul)4(t)4(ur)3(e)1( a)1(nd t)4(he)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 29.691 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(i)1(m)-7(p)-3(a)-2(c)-2(t)1( o)-3(f)-1( f)-1(a)-2(m)-7(i)1(l)1(y)-3( l)1(i)1(f)-1(e)-2( o)-3(n)-3( c)-2(a)-2(re)-2(e)-2(r )]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw -29.945 -1.146 Td [(ad)-1(v)-1(an)-1(cem)-5(en)-1(t)3(.)3( )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.869 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -5.869 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw T* [(T)-2(he)1( R)-3(e)1(s)1(our)2(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)3(t)3(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)3(t)3(t)4(e)1(e)1( \()2(R)-3(E)-2(C)-3(\))2( i)3(s)1( c)1(onduc)1(t)3(i)3(ng t)3(hi)3(s)1( s)1(t)4(udy f)2(or)2( t)4(he)1( C)-3(W)-7(R)-3(U)-4( F)-1(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y S)-1(e)1(na)1(t)3(e)1(,)4( w)-4(hi)4(c)1(h )]TJ 0 -1.171 TD [(pa)1(s)2(s)2(e)1(d a)1( r)3(e)1(s)2(ol)4(ut)4(i)4(on t)4(o i)4(nve)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ga)1(t)4(e)1( s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y e)1(qui)4(t)4(y i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2(.)4( T)-2(he)1( R)-3(E)-2(C)-3( de)1(s)2(i)4(gne)1(d a)1( t)4(w)-4(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 32.26 0 Td (-)Tj 0.004 Tc 0.338 0 Td [(p)-4(a)-3(r)-1(t s)-2(tu)-4(d)-4(y)-4(. T)-6(h)-4(e)-3( f)-2(ir)-1(s)-2(t p)-4(a)-3(r)-1(t )]TJ 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw -32.598 -1.171 Td [(i)1(n)-3(c)-2(l)1(u)]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 2.032 0 Td [(de)1(s)2( s)2(t)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(s)2(t)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(l)4( a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( of)2( f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y s)2(a)1(l)4(a)1(r)3(y da)1(t)4(a)1( c)1(ode)1(d by t)4(he)1( P)-1(r)3(ovos)2(t)4(\222)3(s)2( of)2(f)2(i)4(c)1(e)1( t)4(o pr)3(ot)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( c)1(onf)2(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y;)4( )]TJ -2.032 -1.171 Td [(a)1(nd t)4(he)1( s)2(e)1(c)1(ond,)4( c)1(ol)4(l)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(on a)1(nd a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( of)2( da)1(t)4(a)1( obt)4(a)1(i)4(ne)1(d t)4(hr)3(ough f)2(i)4(ve)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2(.)4( T)-2(he)1( R)-3(E)-2(C)-3( m)-4(e)1(m)-4(be)1(r)3(s)2( )]TJ T* [(\()3(l)4(i)4(s)2(t)4(e)1(d be)1(l)4(ow)-3(\))3( w)-3(i)4(l)4(l)4( c)1(onduc)1(t)4( a)1(l)4(l)4( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2( a)1(nd d)]TJ 20.152 0 Td [(a)1(t)4(a)1( a)1(na)1(l)4(ys)2(i)4(s)2( f)2(or)3( bot)4(h pa)1(r)3(t)4(s)2( of)2( t)4(he)1( s)2(t)4(udy.)4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 16.004 0 Td ( )Tj -36.156 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw T* [(T)-2(he)1( f)2(oc)1(us)1( gr)2(oups)1( w)-4(i)4(l)3(l)3( m)-5(e)1(e)1(t)3( on c)1(a)1(m)-5(pus)1( a)1(t)3( a)1(n undi)3(s)1(c)1(l)4(os)1(e)1(d l)3(oc)1(a)1(t)3(i)4(on know)-4(n onl)3(y t)4(o t)4(he)1( gr)2(oup m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)2(s)1(.)4( W)-7(e)1( )]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw T* [(an)-1(t)3(i)3(ci)3(p)-1(at)3(e t)3(h)-1(at)3( each)-1( g)-1(r)2(o)-1(u)-1(p)-1( w)-5(i)3(l)3(l)3( h)-1(av)-1(e 6)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 15.238 0 Td (-)Tj 0.004 Tc 0.338 0 Td [(8)-4( p)-4(a)-3(r)-1(tic)-3(ip)-4(a)-3(n)-4(ts)-2( a)-3(n)-4(d)-4( th)-4(e)-3( m)-8(e)-3(e)-3(tin)-4(g)-4( w)-8(ill la)-3(s)-2(t a)-3(p)-4(p)-4(r)-1(o)-4(x)-4(im)-8(a)-3(te)-3(ly)-4( 1)]TJ 0 Tc 22.634 0 Td (-)Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.338 0 Td [(2 hour)3(s)2(.)4( )]TJ -0.008 Tw 3.529 0 Td [(T)-2(o )]TJ 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw -42.078 -1.171 Td [(t)1(h)-3(e)-2( )]TJ 0.004 Tc 0 Tw 1.496 0 Td [(e)-3(x)-4(te)-3(n)-4(t p)-4(o)-4(s)-2(s)-2(ib)-4(le)-3(, th)-4(e)-3( d)-4(is)-2(c)-3(u)-4(s)-2(s)-2(io)-4(n)-4(s)-2( w)-8(ill p)-4(r)-1(o)-4(c)-3(e)-3(e)-3(d)-4( s)-2(o)-4( a)-3(s)-2( to)-4( p)-4(e)-3(r)-1(m)-8(it th)-4(e)-3( p)-4(a)-3(r)-1(tic)-3(ip)-4(a)-3(n)-4(ts)-2( th)-4(e)-3(m)-8(s)-2(e)-3(lv)-4(e)-3(s)-2( to)-4( s)-2(e)-3(t th)-4(e)-3( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw -1.496 -1.146 Td [(s)3(t)5(r)4(u)1(c)2(t)5(u)1(r)4(e)2( )1(a)2(n)1(d)1( )1(c)1(o)1(nt)5(e)2(n)1(t)5( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(w)-2(h)1(a)2(t)5( )1(w)-2(i)5(l)5(l)5( )1(b)1(e)2( )1(d)1(i)5(s)3(c)2(u)1(s)3(s)3(e)2(d)1(.)5( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.559 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(A)-4(l)4(l)4( f)2(oc)1(us)1( gr)2(oup s)1(e)1(s)1(s)1(i)3(ons)1( w)-4(i)4(l)3(l)3( be)1( t)3(a)1(pe)1( r)2(e)1(c)1(or)2(de)1(d but)3( your)2( )]TJ -19.813 -1.171 Td [(na)1(m)-4(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( not)4( be)1( t)4(a)1(pe)1( r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(de)1(d a)1(nd w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( not)4( be)1( kn)]TJ 20.15 0 Td [(ow)-4(n t)4(o t)4(he)1( pe)1(r)3(s)2(on t)4(r)3(a)1(ns)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(bi)4(ng t)4(he)1( t)4(a)1(pe)1(s)2(.)4( Y)-4(ou w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( )]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw -20.15 -1.171 Td [(as)1(k)-1(ed)-1( )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 2.568 0 Td [(not)4( t)4(o us)2(e)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 4.206 0 Td [(e)1(i)4(t)4(he)1(r)3( your)3( ow)-4(n na)1(m)-4(e)1( or)3( t)4(he)1( na)1(m)-4(e)1(s)2( )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 14.59 0 Td [(of)4( any)1( ot)4(he)1(r)2(s)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.307 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( gr)3(oup s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2(.)4( Y)-4(our)3( na)1(m)-4(e)1( )]TJ -26.924 -1.171 Td [(w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( know)-4(n,)4( how)-4(e)1(ve)1(r)2(,)4( t)3(o t)4(he)1( pr)2(i)3(nc)1(i)3(pa)1(l)3( i)3(nve)1(s)1(t)3(i)3(ga)1(t)3(or)2( a)1(nd t)3(he)1( f)2(oc)1(us)1( gr)2(oup l)4(e)1(a)1(de)1(r)2( a)1(nd pos)1(s)1(i)4(bl)4(y,)4( t)3(o ot)]TJ 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 40.275 0 Td [(h)-3(e)-2(r )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw -40.275 -1.171 Td [(f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y w)-4(ho a)1(r)3(e)1( m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3(s)1( of)2( your)3( gr)3(oup.)4( Y)-4(ou m)-5(a)1(y de)1(c)1(i)4(de)1( not)4( t)4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(e)1( i)4(n pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(ul)4(a)1(r)3( por)3(t)4(i)4(ons)1( of)2( t)4(he)1( )]TJ 0 -1.171 TD [(di)4(s)2(c)1(us)2(s)2(i)4(on,)4( a)1(nd you m)-4(a)1(y)]TJ 0 0 1 scn 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.992 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(w)-4(i)4(t)4(hdr)2(a)1(w)-4( f)2(r)2(om)-5( pa)1(r)2(t)4(i)3(c)1(i)3(pa)1(t)3(i)4(on i)4(n t)3(he)1( gr)2(oup)]TJ 0 0 1 scn 0 Tc 0 Tw 16.623 0 Td ( )Tj 0 0 0 scn 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(a)1(t)4( a)1(ny t)4(i)4(m)-4(e)1( dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( s)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(on.)4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.87 0 Td ( )Tj -39.994 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(Y)-4(ou w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( a)1(s)1(ke)1(d t)3(o s)1(i)3(gn a)1( c)1(ons)1(e)1(nt)4( f)2(or)2(m)-5( a)1(nd c)1(om)-5(p)]TJ 20.886 0 Td [(l)4(e)1(t)4(e)1( a)1( de)1(m)-4(ogr)3(a)1(phi)4(c)1( s)2(he)1(e)1(t)4( a)1(bout)4( you a)1(nd your)3( )]TJ -20.886 -1.171 Td [(e)1(m)-4(pl)4(oym)-4(e)1(nt)4( s)2(t)4(a)1(t)4(us)2( a)1(t)4( C)-3(W)-7(R)-3(U)-4(.)4( C)-3(om)-4(pl)4(e)1(t)4(i)4(on of)2( t)4(he)1( de)1(m)-4(ogr)3(a)1(phi)4(c)1( i)4(nf)2(or)3(m)-4(a)1(t)4(i)4(on i)4(s)2( opt)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4( a)1(nd i)4(t)4( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( us)2(e)1(d i)4(n )]TJ T* [(t)4(he)1( f)2(i)4(na)1(l)4( r)3(e)1(por)3(t)4( t)4(o de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(be)1( t)4(he)1( c)1(om)-4(pos)2(i)4(t)4(i)4(on of)2( m)-4(e)1(m)-4(be)1(r)3(s)2( of)2( t)4(he)1( f)2(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oups)2( i)4(n ge)1(ne)1(r)3(a)1(l)4( t)4(e)1(r)3(m)-4(s)2(.)4( C)-3(ons)2(e)1(nt)4( )]TJ 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw T* [(f)-1(o)-3(rm)-8(s)-2( )]TJ 0.004 Tc 0 Tw 2.626 0 Td [(a)-3(n)-4(d)-4( d)-4(a)-3(ta)-3( w)-8(ill b)-4(e)-3( k)-4(e)-3(p)-4(t in)-4( lo)-4(c)-3(k)-4(e)-3(d)-4( f)-2(ile)-3( c)-3(a)-3(b)-4(in)-4(e)-3(ts)-2( in)-4( th)-4(e)-3( o)-4(f)-2(f)-2(ic)-3(e)-3( o)-4(f)-2( th)-4(e)-3( P)-5(r)-1(in)-4(c)-3(ip)-4(a)-3(l I)-1(n)-4(v)-4(e)-3(s)-2(tig)-4(a)-3(to)-4(r)-1(, P)-5(a)-3(tr)-1(ic)-3(ia)-3( A)-8(. )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw -2.626 -1.171 Td [(H)-4(i)4(ggi)4(ns)1(.)4( A)-4( c)1(opy of)2( t)3(he)1( c)1(ons)1(e)1(nt)4( f)2(or)2(m)-5( i)3(s)1( a)1(t)3(t)4(a)1(c)1(he)1(d.)4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.955 0 Td ( )Tj -19.955 -1.146 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw T* [(S)-2(i)3(n)-1(cer)2(el)3(y)-1(,)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.092 0 Td ( )Tj -4.092 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.171 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.171 TD ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw T* [(T)-2(he)1( C)-3(W)-7(R)-3(U)-4( R)-3(e)1(s)1(our)2(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)3(t)4(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)3(t)4(t)3(e)1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 16.652 0 Td ( )Tj -16.652 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.004 Tc 0 -1.171 TD [(P)-5(a)-3(tr)-1(ic)-3(ia)-3( A)-8(. H)-8(ig)-4(g)-4(in)-4(s)-2(, C)-7(h)-4(a)-3(ir)-1(, N)-8(u)-4(r)-1(s)-2(in)-4(g)]TJ 0 Tc 14.367 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw -14.367 -1.171 Td [(S)-2(ar)2(a M)-7(.)3( D)-5(eb)-1(an)-1(n)-1(e,)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.337 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.254 0 Td [(E)-2(pi)4(de)1(m)-5(i)4(ol)4(ogy a)1(nd B)-3(i)3(os)1(t)3(a)1(t)4(i)3(s)1(t)4(i)3(c)1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.702 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw -20.293 -1.171 Td [(E)-2(l)4(e)1(a)1(nor)2( P)-1(.)4( S)-1(t)4(ol)4(l)4(e)1(r)2(,)4( S)-1(oc)1(i)3(ol)3(ogy)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 11.827 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw -11.827 -1.171 Td [(C)-3(yr)2(us)1( C)-3(.)4( T)-2(a)1(yl)4(or)2(,)4( P)-1(hys)1(i)3(c)1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.191 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw -10.191 -1.146 Td [(K)-5(at)3(h)-1(er)1(i)3(n)-1(e L)-3(.)3( W)-8(i)3(sn)-1(er)1(,)3( M)-8(ed)-1(i)2(ci)2(n)-1(e )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.924 0 Td ( )Tj -12.924 -1.171 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 127 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 128 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (64)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(5.)2( )1( )1(C)-2(W)-5(R)-2(U)-2( )1(I)1(R)-2(B)-1( )1(A)-2(ppl)3(i)3(c)1(at)2(i)3(on:)2( )1(I)1(nf)2(or)1(m)-3(e)1(d )1(C)-2(o)1(ns)1(e)1(n)-1(t)2( )1(f)2(or)1(m)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 27.134 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 675.36 Tm ( )Tj 0.013 Tc -0.009 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 183.3215 662.4 Tm [(I)7(NF)3(OR)1(M)-3(E)2(D C)1(ONS)3(E)2(NT)2(:)8( C)1(W)-4(R)1(U Ge)5(n)4(d)4(e)5(r)7( E)2(q)4(u)4(i)8(t)8(y)4( S)3(t)8(u)4(d)4(y)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.718 0 Td ( )Tj -31.359 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(T)-2(o P)-1(r)3(os)2(pe)1(c)1(t)4(i)4(ve)1( F)-1(oc)1(us)2( G)-4(r)3(oup P)-1(a)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)]TJ -0.009 Tw 14.596 0 Td [(pa)1(nt)4(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.15 0 Td ( )Tj -16.746 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc 0.003 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(T)-2(he)1( de)1(c)1(i)4(s)2(i)4(on t)4(o t)4(a)1(ke)1( pa)1(r)3(t)4( i)4(n t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy i)4(s)2( e)1(nt)4(i)4(r)3(e)1(l)4(y up t)4(o you.)5( T)-2(he)1( f)3(ol)4(l)4(ow)-4(i)4(ng de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(i)4(on of)3( t)4(he)1( s)2(t)4(udy )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(i)4(s)2( i)4(nt)4(e)1(nde)1(d t)4(o gi)4(ve)1( you a)1( ba)1(s)2(i)4(s)2( f)2(or)3( m)-5(a)1(ki)4(ng your)3( de)1(c)1(i)4(s)2(i)4(on.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 23.054 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc 0.03 Tw -21.054 -1.556 Td [(T)-2(hi)4(s)2( i)4(s)2( a)1( s)2(t)4(udy c)1(onduc)1(t)4(e)1(d by t)4(he)1( R)-3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( a)1(nd c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(s)2(s)2(i)4(one)1(d by t)4(he)1( )]TJ -0.009 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(F)-1(a)1(c)1(ul)5(t)]TJ 0.031 Tw 2.546 0 Td [(y S)-1(e)1(na)1(t)4(e)1( C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1( on t)4(he)1( S)-1(t)4(a)1(t)4(us)2( of)3( W)-8(om)-5(e)1(n a)1(t)4( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4(.)5( W)-8(e)1( a)1(r)3(e)1( c)1(onduc)1(t)4(i)4(ng f)3(i)4(ve)1( )]TJ 0.01 Tc 0.126 Tw -2.546 -1.178 Td [(f)3(oc)2(us)2( gr)4(oups)2( f)3(oc)2(us)2(i)5(ng on t)5(he)2( i)5(m)-5(pa)2(c)2(t)5( of)3( ge)2(nde)2(r)4( on t)5(he)2( e)2(xpe)2(r)4(i)5(e)2(nc)2(e)2(s)2( of)3( be)2(i)5(ng a)2( f)3(a)2(c)2(ul)5(t)5(y )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.141 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(m)-5(e)1(m)-5(be)1(r)3( a)1(t)4( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4(.)5( T)-2(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup di)4(s)2(c)1(us)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( c)1(e)1(nt)4(e)1(r)3( on a)1(c)1(c)1(e)1(s)2(s)2( t)4(o r)3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1(s)2(;)4( )]TJ 0.005 Tc 0.15 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(in)-4(f)-2(o)-4(r)-1(m)-9(a)-3(l in)-4(te)-3(r)-1(a)-3(c)]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.146 Tw 6.683 0 Td [(t)4(i)4(on a)1(m)-5(ong f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y,)4( be)1(t)4(w)-5(e)1(e)1(n f)2(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(nd a)1(dm)-5(i)4(ni)4(s)2(t)4(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3(s)2(,)4( a)1(nd be)1(t)4(w)-5(e)1(e)1(n )]TJ 0.008 Tc 0.067 Tw -6.683 -1.178 Td [(f)1(acu)-2(l)3(t)3(y)-2( an)-2(d)-2( st)3(af)1(f)1(;)3( t)3(h)-2(e i)3(m)-7(p)-2(act)3( o)-2(f)1( f)1(am)-7(i)3(l)3(y)-2( l)3(i)3(f)1(e o)-2(n)-2( car)2(eer)2( ad)-2(v)-2(an)-2(cem)-7(en)-2(t)3(;)3( an)-2(d)-2( an)-2(y)-2( ch)-2(an)-2(g)-2(es i)3(n)-2( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.038 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(ge)1(nde)1(r)3( i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( a)1(c)1(r)3(os)2(s)2( t)4(he)1( a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)4(c)1( c)1(a)1(r)3(e)1(e)1(r)3( \()3(i)4(.)5(e)1(.)5(,)5( a)1(s)2( pe)1(opl)4(e)1( pr)3(ogr)3(e)1(s)2(s)2( t)4(hr)3(ough t)4(he)1( a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)4(c)1( )]TJ 0.148 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(r)3(a)1(nks)2(\))3(.)5( F)-1(i)4(na)1(l)]TJ 5.301 0 Td [(l)4(y,)4( w)-5(e)1( w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( a)1(s)2(k you t)4(o c)1(om)-5(pl)4(e)1(t)4(e)1( a)1( br)3(i)4(e)1(f)2( que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(onna)1(i)4(r)3(e)1( w)-5(i)4(t)4(h de)1(m)-5(ogr)3(a)1(phi)4(c)1( )]TJ 0.187 Tw -5.301 -1.178 Td [(ba)1(c)1(kgr)3(ound i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on,)5( w)-4(hi)4(c)1(h w)-4(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( a)1(ggr)3(e)1(ga)1(t)4(e)1( i)4(n r)3(e)1(por)3(t)4(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( c)1(ha)1(r)3(a)1(c)1(t)4(e)1(r)3(i)4(s)2(t)4(i)4(c)1(s)2( of)3( )]TJ -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2( a)1(s)2( a)1( gr)3(oup.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.447 0 Td ( )Tj -11.447 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc 0.115 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(I)3(f)2( you do de)1(c)1(i)4(de)1( t)4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(e)1( i)4(n t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( you m)-5(a)1(y c)1(ha)1(nge)1( your)3( m)-5(i)4(nd a)1(t)4( )]TJ 32.174 0 Td [(a)1(nyt)4(i)4(m)-5(e)1(.)5( Y)-4(ou c)1(a)1(n )]TJ 0.018 Tw -32.174 -1.178 Td [(e)1(l)4(e)1(c)1(t)4( not)4( t)4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(e)1( i)4(n a)1(ny pha)1(s)2(e)1( of)2( t)4(he)1( c)1(onve)1(r)3(s)2(a)1(t)4(i)4(on,)5( a)1(nd you m)-5(a)1(y l)4(e)1(a)1(ve)1( t)4(he)1( r)3(oom)-5( a)1(t)4( a)1(ny t)4(i)4(m)-5(e)1(.)5( )]TJ 0.077 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(T)-2(he)1( pr)3(i)4(m)-5(a)1(r)3(y r)3(i)4(s)2(k t)4(o s)2(ubj)4(e)1(c)1(t)4(s)2( i)4(s)2( a)1( pot)4(e)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4( l)4(os)2(s)2( of)3( c)1(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(i)4(t)4(y due)1( t)4(o ot)4(he)1(r)3( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4(s)2( i)4(n t)4(he)1( )]TJ 0.01 Tc 0.2 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(f)3(oc)2(us)2( gr)4(oup,)5( w)-4(ho m)-5(a)2(y i)5(gnor)4(e)2( i)5(ns)2(t)5(r)4(uc)2(t)5(i)5(o)]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.201 Tw 17.094 0 Td [(ns)2( t)4(o ke)1(e)1(p c)1(onf)3(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4( a)1(ny i)4(nf)3(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on t)4(ha)1(t)4( e)1(m)-5(e)1(r)3(ge)1(s)2( )]TJ 0.135 Tw -17.094 -1.178 Td [(dur)3(i)4(ng t)4(he)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup di)4(s)2(c)1(us)2(s)2(i)4(ons)2(.)5( Y)-4(ou c)1(a)1(n be)1( s)2(ur)3(e)1( t)4(ha)1(t)4( your)3( na)1(m)-5(e)1( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( N)-4(E)-2(V)-4(E)-2(R)-3( be)1( publ)4(i)4(c)1(l)4(y )]TJ 0.034 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(f)2(i)4(e)1(d w)-5(i)4(t)4(h your)3( r)3(e)1(s)2(pons)2(e)1(s)2( i)4(n our)3( r)3(e)1(por)3(t)4(.)4( A)-5(f)2(t)4(e)1(r)3( t)4(he)1( s)2(t)4(udy i)4(s)2( c)1(om)-5(pl)4(e)1(t)4(e)1(,)4( you w)-5(i)4(l)4(l)4( be)1( e)1(nt)4(i)4(t)4(l)4(e)1(d t)4(o a)1( )]TJ 0.01 Tc 0.218 Tw T* [(f)3(ul)5(l)5( e)2(xpl)5(a)2(na)]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.219 Tw 5.059 0 Td [(t)4(i)4(on of)2( our)3( r)3(e)1(s)2(ul)4(t)4(s)2(.)4( T)-2(he)1(r)3(e)1( a)1(l)4(s)2(o i)4(s)2( t)4(he)1( a)1(dde)1(d i)4(nc)1(onve)1(ni)4(e)1(nc)1(e)1( of)2( a)1( c)1(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( of)2( )]TJ 0.305 Tw -5.059 -1.156 Td [(a)1(ppr)3(oxi)4(m)-5(a)1(t)4(e)1(l)4(y 1)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.956 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc 0.305 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(2 hour)3(s)2( f)3(or)3( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(i)4(on i)4(n a)1( f)3(oc)1(us)2( gr)3(oup.)5( T)-2(he)1( pr)3(i)4(m)-5(a)1(r)3(y be)1(ne)1(f)3(i)4(t)4(s)2( of)3( your)3( )]TJ -0.001 Tw -7.295 -1.178 Td [(pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(i)4(on a)1(r)3(e)1( t)4(ha)1(t)4( you w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( ha)1(ve)1( t)4(he)1( oppor)3(t)4(uni)4(t)4(y t)4(o m)-5(e)1(e)1(t)4( i)4(n a)1( s)2(a)1(f)3(e)1( e)1(nvi)4(r)3(onm)-5(e)1(nt)4( a)1(nd d)]TJ 0.008 Tc 0.001 Tw 35.614 0 Td [(ef)1(i)3(n)-1(e ar)2(eas)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.335 Tw -35.614 -1.178 Td [(of)3( c)1(onc)1(e)1(r)3(n r)3(e)1(l)4(a)1(t)4(e)1(d t)4(o C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-4( e)1(qui)4(t)4(y i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( r)3(e)1(l)4(a)1(t)4(e)1(d t)4(o t)4(he)1( ul)4(t)4(i)4(m)-5(a)1(t)4(e)1( goa)1(l)4( of)3( t)4(he)1( s)2(t)4(udy,)5( a)1(n )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(i)4(m)-5(pr)3(ove)1(m)-5(e)1(nt)4( of)2( t)4(he)1( C)-3(W)-8(R)-3(U)-5( a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)4(c)1( e)1(nvi)4(r)3(onm)-5(e)1(nt)4(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 21.1 0 Td ( )Tj -21.1 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc 0.115 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(T)-3(h)-1(e i)3(n)-1(t)3(er)2(v)-1(i)3(ew)-5( i)3(s)1( p)-1(ar)2(t)3( o)-1(f)2( a C)-4(as)1(e W)-9(es)1(t)3(er)2(n)-1( R)-4(es)1(er)2(v)-1(e U)-5(n)-1(i)3(v)-1(er)2(s)1(i)3(t)3(y)-1( r)2(es)1(ear)2(ch)-1( p)-1(r)2(o)-1(j)3(ect)3(.)4( I)2(f)2( y)-1(o)-1(u)-1( h)-1(av)-1(e an)-1(y)-1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.061 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2( a)1(bout)4( )]TJ 0.008 Tc 0.062 Tw 6.751 0 Td [(t)3(h)-1(e p)-1(r)2(o)-1(j)2(ect)3( at)3( an)-1(y)-1( t)3(i)3(m)-6(e,)3( p)-1(l)3(eas)1(e f)1(eel)3( f)1(r)2(ee t)3(o)-1( co)-1(n)-1(t)3(act)3( D)-6(r)2(.)3( P)-3(at)3(r)2(i)3(ci)3(a H)-6(i)3(g)-1(g)-1(i)3(n)-1(s)1(,)3( C)-4(h)-1(ai)3(r)2( o)-1(f)1( )]TJ 0.009 Tc 0.07 Tw -6.751 -1.178 Td [(t)4(he)1( R)-3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1( E)-2(qui)4(t)4(y C)-3(om)-5(m)-5(i)4(t)4(t)4(e)1(e)1(,)4( a)1(t)4( \()3(216\))3( 368)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 18.974 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc 0.07 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(8850.)5( I)3(f)3( you w)-4(oul)4(d l)4(i)4(ke)1( t)4(o t)4(a)1(l)4(k t)4(o s)2(om)-5(e)1(one)1( ot)4(he)1(r)3( )]TJ 0.038 Tw -19.313 -1.178 Td [(t)4(he)1(n t)4(he)1( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(he)1(r)3(\()3(s)2(\))3( a)1(bout)4(;)4( \()3(1\))3( c)1(onc)1(e)1(r)3(ns)2( r)3(e)1(ga)1(r)3(di)4(ng t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy,)4( \()3(2\))3( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h )]TJ 0.006 Tc 0.041 Tw 31.289 0 Td [(p)-3(a)-2(rt)1(i)1(c)-2(i)1(p)-3(a)-2(n)-3(t)1( ri)1(g)-3(h)-3(t)1(s)-1(,)2( \(3)-3(\) )]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw -31.289 -1.178 Td [(r)2(es)1(ear)2(ch)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.392 0 Td (-)Tj 0.008 Tc 0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(r)2(el)3(at)3(ed)-1( i)3(n)-1(j)3(u)-1(r)2(i)3(es)1(,)4( o)-1(r)2( \()2(4)-1(\))2( o)-1(t)3(h)-1(er)2( h)-1(u)-1(m)-6(an)-1( s)1(u)-1(b)-1(j)3(ect)3(s)1( i)3(s)1(s)1(u)-1(es)1(,)4( p)-1(l)3(eas)1(e co)-1(n)-1(t)3(act)3( C)-4(as)1(e W)-9(es)1(t)3(er)2(n)-1( R)-4(es)1(er)2(v)-1(e )]TJ 0.01 Tc 0.316 Tw -3.731 -1.156 Td [(U)-3(n)1(i)6(v)1(e)2(r)4(s)3(i)6(t)5(y)1(')7(s)2( )1(O)-3(f)4(f)4(i)6(c)2(e)2( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(R)-2(e)2(s)2(e)2(a)2(r)4(c)2(h)1( )1(A)-3(d)1(m)-4(i)6(n)1(i)6(s)3(t)6(r)4(a)2(t)6(i)6(on)1( )1(a)2(t)6( )1(\()4(2)1(1)1(6)1(\))4( )1(3)1(6)1(8)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 26.726 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc 0.316 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(4510 or)3( w)-4(r)3(i)4(t)4(e)1(:)4( C)-3(a)1(s)2(e)1( W)-8(e)1(s)2(t)4(e)1(r)3(n )]TJ 0.029 Tw -27.065 -1.178 Td [(R)-3(e)1(s)2(e)1(r)3(ve)1( U)-4(ni)4(ve)1(r)3(s)2(i)4(t)4(y O)-4(f)3(f)3(i)4(c)1(e)1( of)3( R)-3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h A)-4(dm)-5(i)4(ni)4(s)]TJ 19.714 0 Td [(t)4(r)3(a)1(t)4(i)4(on 10900 E)-2(uc)1(l)4(i)4(d A)-5(ve)1(.)4( C)-3(l)4(e)1(ve)1(l)4(a)1(nd,)4( O)-5(H)-5( 44106)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.947 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -39.661 -1.178 Td (7015.)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.292 0 Td ( )Tj -2.292 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 1.345 -1.178 Td (------------------------------------------------------------------------\ --------------------------------------)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 37.309 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc 0.079 Tw -38.655 -1.178 Td [(A)-3(l)6(l)6( )1(m)-4(y)1( q)1(ue)2(s)3(t)6(i)6(o)1(n)1(s)3( )1(r)4(e)2(g)1(a)2(r)4(d)1(i)5(n)1(g )1(t)6(h)1(i)6(s)3( )1(s)3(t)6(u)1(d)1(y)1( )1(ha)2(v)1(e)2( )1(b)1(e)2(e)2(n)1( )1(s)3(a)2(t)6(i)5(s)3(f)4(a)2(c)2(t)6(o)1(r)4(i)6(l)6(y)1( )1(a)2(n)1(s)3(w)-3(e)2(r)4(e)2(d)1(.)6( )1(I)4( )1(h)1(a)2(v)1(e)2( )1(r)4(e)2(a)2(d)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(a)1(b)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 38.529 0 Td [(ove)1( )]TJ 0.054 Tw -38.529 -1.156 Td [(de)1(s)2(c)1(r)3(i)4(pt)4(i)4(on a)1(nd w)-4(oul)4(d l)4(i)4(ke)1( t)4(o pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(t)4(e)1( i)4(n t)4(hi)4(s)2( s)2(t)4(udy.)5( I)3( unde)1(r)3(s)2(t)4(a)1(nd t)4(ha)1(t)4( I)3( w)-4(i)4(l)4(l)4( r)3(e)1(c)1(e)1(i)4(ve)1( a)1( c)1(opy of)3( )]TJ -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(t)4(hi)4(s)2( I)3(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(e)1(d C)-3(ons)2(e)1(nt)4( f)2(or)3(m)-5( f)2(or)3( m)-5(y r)3(e)1(c)1(or)3(ds)2(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 17.85 0 Td ( )Tj -17.85 -1.178 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD (___________________________________ _______________)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 27.245 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw -27.245 -1.178 Td [(Pa)2(r)4(t)6(i)6(c)2(i)6(p)1(a)2(n)1(t)5(')7(s)3( )1(Si)6(g)1(n)1(a)2(t)6(u)1(r)4(e)2( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0.005 Tw 15.516 0 Td [( )1( )1( )]TJ 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw [(D)-8(a)-3(t)1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.798 0 Td ( )Tj -24.314 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 129 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 130 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (65)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 709.68 Tm ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(I)3( unde)1(r)3(s)2(t)4(a)1(nd t)4(ha)1(t)4( t)4(he)1( i)4(nf)2(or)3(m)-5(a)1(t)4(i)4(on obt)4(a)1(i)4(ne)1(d f)2(r)3(om)-5( t)4(hi)4(s)2( pa)1(r)3(t)4(i)4(c)1(i)4(pa)1(nt)4( i)4(s)2( c)1(onf)2(i)4(de)1(nt)4(i)4(a)1(l)4(.)5( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 32.303 0 Td ( )Tj -32.303 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw T* (__________________________________ _________________)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(M)-7(ode)2(r)3(a)2(t)5(or)3(')6(s)2( S)-1(i)5(gna)2(t)5(ur)3(e)2( D)-4(a)2(t)5(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.156 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 131 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 132 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (66)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(6.)2( )1( )1(D)-2(e)1(m)-3(ogr)1(aphi)3(c)1( )1(I)1(nf)2(or)1(m)-3(at)2(i)3(o)1(n )1(C)-2(ar)1(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.585 0 Td ( )Tj -19.585 -1.909 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 9.84 0 0 9.84 90 646.8 Tm [(D)-4(e)1(m)-5(ogr)2(a)1(phi)4(c)1( I)2(nf)2(or)2(m)-5(a)1(t)3(i)4(on)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.639 0 Td ( )Tj -10.639 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(1.)4( G)-4(e)1(nde)1(r)3(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.289 0 Td ( )Tj 3.028 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 3.659 0 Td [(F)-2(em)-5(al)3(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 3.659 0 Td [(M)-10(a)-2(le)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.088 0 Td ( )Tj -24.039 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.004 Tc 0 -1.146 TD [(2)-4(. E)-6(th)-4(n)-4(ic)-3(ity)-4(:)]TJ 0 Tc 5.024 0 Td ( )Tj -5.024 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.171 TD ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 3.659 0 Td [(a.)3( A)-5(f)1(r)2(i)3(can)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.063 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 0.338 0 Td [(A)-5(m)-6(er)1(i)3(can)-1( C)-4(au)-1(casi)2(an)-1( A)-5(si)3(an)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 11.316 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 2.575 0 Td [(N)-5(at)3(i)3(v)-1(e A)-5(m)-6(er)1(i)3(can)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.223 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 0.094 0 Td [(P)-2(aci)3(f)1(i)3(c I)2(s)1(l)3(an)-1(d)-1(er)2(/)3(O)-5(t)3(h)-1(er)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.945 0 Td ( )Tj -38.214 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.171 TD ( )Tj 0.004 Tc 3.659 0 Td [(b)-4(. H)-8(is)-2(p)-4(a)-3(n)-4(ic)]TJ 0 Tc 4.629 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 2.688 0 Td [(N)-4(on)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 0.004 Tc -0.004 Tw 2.089 0 Td [(H)-8(is)-3(p)-4(a)-3(n)-4(ic)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.612 0 Td ( )Tj -16.677 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(3)-1(.)3( T)-3(er)2(m)-5(i)3(n)-1(al)3( d)-1(eg)-1(r)2(ee)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.703 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 3.273 0 Td (_________________)Tj 8.638 0 Td (____)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -19.614 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(4.)4( R)-3(a)1(nk:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.444 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.215 0 Td [(In)-3(s)-1(t)1(ru)-3(c)-2(t)1(o)-3(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.951 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 3.366 0 Td [(A)-5(ssi)3(st)3(an)-1(t)3( P)-2(r)1(o)-1(f)1(esso)-1(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.82 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 3.156 0 Td [(A)-5(sso)-1(ci)3(at)3(e P)-2(r)1(o)-1(f)1(esso)-1(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.044 0 Td ( )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.006 Tw 2.931 0 Td [(P)-3(r)1(o)-2(fe)-1(sso)-2(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -32.927 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(5.)4( Y)-4(e)1(a)1(r)3(s)2( i)4(n r)3(a)1(nk a)1(t)4( C)-3(W)-7(R)-3(U)-4( __________________________ \()3(c)1(ount)4( onl)4(y f)2(ul)4(l)4( ye)1(a)1(r)3(s)2( c)1(om)-4(pl)4(e)1(t)4(e)1(d\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 38.555 0 Td ( )Tj -38.555 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 3.659 -1.146 Td (6.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.762 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 1.067 0 Td [(C)-3(W)-7(R)-3(U)-4( ye)1(a)1(r)2(s)1( of)2( s)1(e)1(r)2(vi)4(c)1(e)1( __________________________)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 23.399 0 Td ( )Tj -28.887 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(7.)4( T)-2(e)1(nur)3(e)1( s)2(t)4(a)1(t)4(us)2(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.745 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.572 0 Td [(T)-3(en)-1(u)-1(r)1(ed)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.386 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.273 0 Td [(N)-4(ot)4( t)4(e)1(nur)2(e)1(d/)4(i)]TJ 0.007 Tc -0.003 Tw 5.39 0 Td [(n)-1( t)3(en)-1(u)-1(r)2(e t)3(r)2(ack)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.586 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 3.657 0 Td [(N)-4(on)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw 2.089 0 Td [(t)1(e)-2(n)-3(u)-3(re)-2( t)1(ra)-2(c)-2(k)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.824 0 Td ( )Tj -32.523 -1.171 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.171 TD [(8.)4( D)-4(e)1(pa)1(r)3(t)4(m)-4(e)1(nt)4(/)4(S)-1(c)1(hool)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.919 0 Td ( )Tj 2.057 0 Td ( )Tj 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 3.659 0 Td (__________________________)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 13.211 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 403.44 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 133 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 134 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (67)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(7.)2( )1( )1(Se)1(l)3(e)1(c)1(t)2(e)1(d )1(D)-2(e)1(m)-3(ographi)3(c)1(s)1( )1(f)2(o)1(r)1( )1(a)1(l)3(l)3( )1(C)-2(ont)2(ac)1(t)2(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 22.669 0 Td ( )Tj 9.84 0 0 9.84 90 677.28 Tm ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 663.84 Tm (The following tables summarize aspects of the demographics of those invi\ ted to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (participate in the focus groups as w)Tj 14.163 0 Td (ell as the demographics of the actual participants. )Tj -14.163 -1.14 Td (Participants were asked to provide this information on a short survey ca\ rd distributed at )Tj T* (the beginning of each focus group. In some cases, participants did not \ provide all of the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (requested information.)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 135 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 136 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (68)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 9.84 0 0 9.84 90 710.64 Tm ( )Tj ET q 84.96 644.4 175.68 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 697.68 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 684.96 Tm ( )Tj ET q 261.36 644.4 134.4 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 697.68 Tm [(Foc)1(us)1( gr)4(oup )]TJ ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 684.96 Tm [(p)-1(ar)3(t)4(i)5(ci)5(p)-1(an)-1(t)4(s )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.056 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw -6.056 -1.156 Td [(\()4(N)-3(=)-1(47\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.142 0 Td ( )Tj -3.142 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 644.4 134.4 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 647.04 Tm [(Fr)4(e)1(que)1(nc)1(y \()5( %)-5(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.301 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q q 396.24 644.4 130.8 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 697.68 Tm [(A)-4(l)5(l)5( co)-1(n)-1(t)4(act)4(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.773 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 684.96 Tm ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(\()4(N)-3(=)-1(90\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.142 0 Td ( )Tj -3.142 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 644.4 130.8 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 647.04 Tm [(Fr)4(e)1(que)1(nc)1(y \()5(%)-5(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.018 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q 84.24 707.76 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 707.76 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 707.76 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 707.76 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 707.76 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 707.76 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 707.76 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 707.76 0.48 0.48 re f 527.28 707.76 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 644.4 0.48 63.36 re f 260.88 644.4 0.48 63.36 re f 395.76 644.4 0.48 63.36 re f 527.28 644.4 0.48 63.36 re f q 84.96 580.8 175.68 63.12 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.013 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 633.84 Tm [(G)-1(E)1(NDE)1(R:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.696 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 621.36 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(F)-1(em)-6(al)5(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.076 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.076 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw [(M)-11(a)-6(le)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.831 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 580.8 134.4 63.12 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 633.84 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 621.36 Tm ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(34 )1(\()4(72%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(13 )1(\()4(28%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 580.8 130.8 63.12 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 633.84 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 621.36 Tm ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(62 )1(\()4(69%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(28 )1(\()4(31%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 580.8 130.8 63.12 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 583.44 Tm ( )Tj ET Q 84.24 643.92 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 643.92 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 643.92 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 643.92 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 643.92 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 643.92 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 643.92 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 580.8 0.48 63.12 re f 260.88 580.8 0.48 63.12 re f 395.76 580.8 0.48 63.12 re f 527.28 580.8 0.48 63.12 re f q 84.96 491.76 175.68 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.013 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 570.24 Tm [(E)1(T)2(HNI)8(CI)8(T)2(Y:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.716 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 557.52 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(A)-4(f)4(r)3(i)5(can)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.076 0 Td (-)Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(A)-4(m)-7(er)]TJ 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw 2.604 0 Td [(i)6(can)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.038 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -9.057 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(A)-4(si)5(an)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.34 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -3.34 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(C)-3(a)-1(u)-1(ca)-1(si)6(an)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.661 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.661 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw [(M)-5(i)6(ssi)6(ng/)6(no r)4(esponse )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET q 261.36 491.76 134.4 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 570.24 Tm [(\()4(P)-2(er)3( sel)5(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.019 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(re)-3(p)-4(o)-4(rt)1(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.282 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 557.52 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw [(1)-3( )1(\()1( )1( )1(2)-3(%)-9(\))1( )]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.659 0 Td ( )Tj 0.283 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.942 -1.156 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tw (2)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 5.377 0 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw 0.283 0 Td [(\( 4)-4(%)-10(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0.005 Tw -5.66 -1.178 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(40 )1(\()4(85%)-6(\))4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(4 )1(\()4( )1(9%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 491.76 134.4 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 494.4 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 396.24 491.76 130.8 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 570.24 Tm [(\()5(D)-2(a)1(t)5(a)1( not)5( obt)5(a)1(i)6(ne)1(d\))5( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 557.52 Tm ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj ET 84.24 580.32 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 580.32 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 580.32 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 580.32 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 580.32 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 580.32 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 580.32 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 491.76 0.48 88.56 re f 260.88 491.76 0.48 88.56 re f 395.76 491.76 0.48 88.56 re f 527.28 491.76 0.48 88.56 re f q 84.96 402.72 175.68 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.008 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 481.2 Tm [(UNI)9(V)1(E)1(RS)1(I)9(T)2(Y)1( )1(CO)-1(NT)2(RA)-1(CT)2(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.45 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 468.48 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw [(P)-5(re)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.208 0 Td (-)Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(t)5(e)1(nur)4(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.547 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.012 Tw [(Te)1(nur)4(e)1(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.584 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.584 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.012 Tw [(N)-1(o)1(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.546 0 Td (-)Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(t)4(en)-1(u)-1(r)3(e t)4(r)3(ack)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.831 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.716 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.012 Tw [(U)-1(n)1(k)2(no)1(w)-3(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.149 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 84.96 402.72 175.68 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 405.36 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 261.36 402.72 134.4 88.56 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 481.2 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 468.48 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(13 )1(\()4(28%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(29 )1(\()4(62%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(5 )1(\()4(10)-1(%)-6(\))4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj ET q 396.24 402.72 130.8 88.56 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 481.2 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 468.48 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(15)-1( )1(\()4(17%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.811 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -7.811 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw (41)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 5.095 0 Td [(\()4(46%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.717 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -7.811 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(3 )1(\()4( )1( )1(3%)-6(\))]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.81 0 Td ( )Tj 0.283 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.093 -1.178 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(31)-1( )1(\()4(34%)-6(\))]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.005 Tw 7.811 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj ET 84.24 491.28 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 491.28 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 491.28 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 491.28 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 491.28 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 491.28 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 491.28 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 402.72 0.48 88.56 re f 260.88 402.72 0.48 88.56 re f 395.76 402.72 0.48 88.56 re f 527.28 402.72 0.48 88.56 re f q 84.96 237.84 175.68 164.4 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.014 Tc -0.009 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 392.16 Tm [(M)-2(ANAGE)2(M)-2(E)2(NT)2( CT)2(R)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 379.44 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0 Tw (A)Tj 0.01 Tc -0.004 Tw 1.302 0 Td [(r)3(t)4(s )1(&)-3( )1(S)-2(ci)5(en)-1(ces)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.02 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.322 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw [(D)-6(e)-3(n)-4(t)1(i)3(s)-3(t)1(ry)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.981 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.981 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(E)-1(ngi)6(ne)1(e)1(r)4(i)6(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.451 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -6.451 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw [(La)1(w)-4( S)-1(c)1(hool)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.225 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -6.225 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(M)-5(edi)6(ci)6(ne)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.924 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.924 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.012 Tw [(M)-4(SA)-2(SS)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.189 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.189 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.012 Tw [(N)-1(u)1(r)4(s)2(i)8(n)1(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.414 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.414 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.013 Tc -0.013 Tw [(W)-5(SO)-1(M)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.848 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -3.848 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(M)-5(i)6(ssi)6(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.012 Tw [(U)-1(n)1(k)2(no)1(w)-3(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.149 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 84.96 237.84 175.68 164.4 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 240.24 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 261.36 237.84 134.4 164.4 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 392.16 Tm [(\()4(P)-2(er)3( sel)5(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.019 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(re)-3(p)-4(o)-4(rt)1(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.282 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 379.44 Tm ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(14 )1(\()4(30%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (0)Tj 5.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw [(1)-3( )1(\()1( )1( )1(2)-3(%)-9(\))1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.64 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -10.64 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(2 )1(\()4( )1(4%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.156 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(15 )1(\()4(32%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw [(2)-3( )1(\()1( )1( )1(4)-3(%)-9(\))1( )1( )1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.225 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -9.225 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(1 )1(\()4( )1(2%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(8 )1(\()4(17)-1(%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(4 )1(\()4( )1(9%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 237.84 130.8 164.4 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 392.16 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 379.44 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT3 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(27 )1(\()4(30%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(2 )1(\()4( )1( )1(2%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.093 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.093 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(10 )1(\()4(11%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(5 )1(\()4( )1( )1(6%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.093 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.093 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(28 )1(\()4(31%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw (2 )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw 5.377 0 Td [(\( 2)-4(%)-10(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(3 )1(\()4( )1( )1(3%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.093 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.093 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(10 )1(\()4(11%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw [(3)-3(\()1( )1( )1(3)-3(%)-9(\))1( )1( )1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.942 0 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 402.24 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 402.24 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 402.24 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 402.24 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 402.24 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 402.24 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 402.24 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 237.84 0.48 164.4 re f 260.88 237.84 0.48 164.4 re f 395.76 237.84 0.48 164.4 re f 527.28 237.84 0.48 164.4 re f q 84.96 136.08 175.68 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.008 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 227.28 Tm [(T)1(ER)-1(M)-3(I)8(N)-1(A)-1(L)1( D)-1(EG)-2(R)-1(EE)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.848 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 214.56 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(J)-1(D)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.868 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -1.868 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.016 Tc -0.016 Tw (MD)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.15 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.15 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw [(M)-11(D)-9(/P)-7(h)-6(D)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.47 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -4.47 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.013 Tc -0.008 Tw [(DO)-1(CT)2(O)-1(RA)-1(T)2(E)1( )1(\()7(P)1(h)2(d)2(,)9( )1(ND,)9( )1(S)1(c)3(D\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.487 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -14.487 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(M)-5(i)6(ssi)6(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET q 84.96 136.08 175.68 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 138.72 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 261.36 136.08 134.4 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 227.28 Tm [(\()4(P)-2(er)3( sel)5(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.019 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(re)-3(p)-4(o)-4(rt)1(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.282 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 214.56 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(3 )1(\()4( )1(6%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(3 )1(\()4( )1(6%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.156 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(2 )1(\()4( )1(4%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(37 )1(\()4(79%)-6(\))4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(2 )1(\()4( )1(4%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 136.08 130.8 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 227.28 Tm [(\(O)-8(ffi)1(c)-4(i)1(a)-4(l)1( d)-5(a)-4(ta)-4( n)-5(o)-5(t )]TJ ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 214.56 Tm [(obt)5(a)1(i)6(ne)1(d\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.583 0 Td ( )Tj -4.583 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 237.36 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 237.36 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 237.36 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 237.36 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 237.36 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 237.36 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 237.36 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 136.08 0.48 101.28 re f 260.88 136.08 0.48 101.28 re f 395.76 136.08 0.48 101.28 re f 527.28 136.08 0.48 101.28 re f q 84.96 72.24 175.68 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 125.52 Tm [(A)-9(D)-8(M)-11(IN)-8( P)-7(O)-9(S)-7(IT)-7(IO)-9(N)-8(?)]TJ 0 Tc 9.111 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 112.8 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(Y)-2(es)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.379 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.379 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.013 Tc -0.013 Tw (No)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.207 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 84.96 72.24 175.68 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 74.88 Tm ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj ET Q q 261.36 72.24 134.4 63.36 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 125.52 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 112.8 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(5 )1(\()4(11)-1(%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(42 )1(\()4(89%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 72.24 130.8 63.36 re W n BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 125.52 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT3 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 112.8 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(15 )1(\()4(17%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.528 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -7.528 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(75 )1(\()4(83%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.528 0 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 135.6 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 135.6 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 135.6 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 135.6 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 135.6 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 135.6 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 135.6 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 72.24 0.48 63.36 re f 84.24 71.76 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 71.76 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 71.76 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 72.24 0.48 63.36 re f 260.88 71.76 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 71.76 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 72.24 0.48 63.36 re f 395.76 71.76 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 71.76 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 72.24 0.48 63.36 re f 527.28 71.76 0.48 0.48 re f 527.28 71.76 0.48 0.48 re f endstream endobj 137 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 138 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (69)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 709.68 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 -1.2 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 16.333 1.178 Td [(Foc)1(us)1( gr)4(oup )]TJ 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw T* [(p)-1(ar)3(t)4(i)5(ci)5(p)-1(an)-1(t)4(s )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.056 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw -6.056 -1.178 Td [(\()4(N)-3(=)-1(47\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.142 0 Td ( )Tj -3.142 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 630.72 134.4 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 633.36 Tm [(Fr)4(e)1(que)1(nc)1(y \()5(%)-5(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.018 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 684 Tm [(A)-4(l)5(l)5( co)-1(n)-1(t)4(act)4(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.773 0 Td ( )Tj -5.773 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(\()4(N)-3(=)-1(90\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.142 0 Td ( )Tj -3.142 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET q 396.24 630.72 130.8 63.36 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 633.36 Tm [(Fr)4(e)1(que)1(nc)1(y \()5(%)-5(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.018 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q 84.24 694.08 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 694.08 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 694.08 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 694.08 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 694.08 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 694.08 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 694.08 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 694.08 0.48 0.48 re f 527.28 694.08 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 630.72 0.48 63.36 re f 260.88 630.72 0.48 63.36 re f 395.76 630.72 0.48 63.36 re f 527.28 630.72 0.48 63.36 re f q 84.96 541.68 175.68 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.013 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 620.16 Tm [(RA)-1(NK)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 607.44 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(I)6(nst)5(r)4(uct)5(or)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.319 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.319 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(A)-4(sst)4( P)-2(r)3(o)-1(f)4(esso)-1(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.812 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -7.812 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(A)-4(sso)-1(c P)-2(r)3(o)-1(f)4(esso)-1(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.661 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.661 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(P)-2(r)3(o)-1(f)4(esso)-1(r)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.321 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 541.68 134.4 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 620.16 Tm [(\()4(P)-2(er)3( sel)5(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.019 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(re)-3(p)-4(o)-4(rt)1(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.282 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 607.44 Tm ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(1 )1(\()4( )1(2%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(14 )1(\()4(30%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(15 )1(\()4(32%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(17 )1(\()4(36%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 541.68 134.4 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 544.32 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 396.24 541.68 130.8 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 620.16 Tm [(\()-1(O)-9(f)-1(f)-1(ic)-5(ia)-5(l d)-6(a)]TJ 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw 5.263 0 Td [(ta)-4( n)-5(o)-5(t )]TJ ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 607.44 Tm [(obt)5(a)1(i)6(ne)1(d\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.583 0 Td ( )Tj -4.583 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 630.24 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 630.24 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 630.24 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 630.24 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 630.24 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 630.24 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 630.24 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 541.68 0.48 88.56 re f 260.88 541.68 0.48 88.56 re f 395.76 541.68 0.48 88.56 re f 527.28 541.68 0.48 88.56 re f q 84.96 414.72 175.68 126.48 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.014 Tc -0.009 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 531.12 Tm [(Y)1(E)2(ARS)2( I)9(N RANK \()8(Co)3(m)-3(p)3(l)9(e)3(t)8(e)3(d)3(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.261 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 518.4 Tm ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(0)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (1)Tj 1.132 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.887 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(2)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (4)Tj 1.132 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.887 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(5)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (8)Tj 1.132 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.887 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(9)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (\226)Tj 0.566 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (11)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -2.265 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (12 )Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.416 0 Td (-)Tj 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (17)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -2.321 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (18+ )Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.011 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.294 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(M)-5(i)6(ssi)6(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET q 261.36 414.72 134.4 126.48 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 531.12 Tm [(\()4(P)-2(er)3( sel)5(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.019 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(re)-3(p)-4(o)-4(rt)1(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.282 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 518.4 Tm ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(3 )1(\()4( )1(6%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(15 )1(\()4(32%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(19 )1(\()4(40%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(5 )1(\()4(11)-1(%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (0)Tj 5.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(4 )1(\()4( )1(9%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.376 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(1 )1(\()4( )1(2%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 414.72 134.4 126.48 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 417.36 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 396.24 414.72 130.8 126.48 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 531.12 Tm [(\(O)-8(ffi)1(c)-4(i)1(a)-4(l)1( d)-5(a)-4(ta)-4( n)-5(o)-5(t )]TJ ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 518.4 Tm [(obt)5(a)1(i)6(ne)1(d\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.583 0 Td ( )Tj -4.583 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 541.2 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 541.2 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 541.2 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 541.2 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 541.2 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 541.2 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 541.2 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 414.72 0.48 126.48 re f 260.88 414.72 0.48 126.48 re f 395.76 414.72 0.48 126.48 re f 527.28 414.72 0.48 126.48 re f q 84.96 312.96 175.68 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.008 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 404.16 Tm [(CW)-4(RU )1(Y)1(E)1(A)-1(RS)1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 391.44 Tm ( )Tj 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(2)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (4)Tj 1.132 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.887 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(5)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (8)Tj 1.132 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.887 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(9)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.415 0 Td (-)Tj 0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw [(1)-1(5)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -1.755 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (16 )Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.416 0 Td (-)Tj 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (25)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -2.321 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.283 0 Td (26+ )Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.011 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 312.96 134.4 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 404.16 Tm [(\()4(P)-2(er)3( sel)5(f)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.019 0 Td (-)Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(re)-3(p)-4(o)-4(rt)1(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.282 0 Td ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 391.44 Tm ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(12 )1(\()4(25%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(13 )1(\()4(28%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(10 )1(\()4(21%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(9 )1(\()4(19)-1(%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.377 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.377 -1.156 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(3 )1(\()4( )1(6%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.376 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 261.36 312.96 134.4 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 315.6 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 396.24 312.96 130.8 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 404.16 Tm [(\(O)-8(ffi)1(c)-4(i)1(a)-4(l)1( d)-5(a)-4(ta)-4( n)-5(o)-5(t )]TJ ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 391.44 Tm [(obt)5(a)1(i)6(ne)1(d\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.583 0 Td ( )Tj -4.583 -1.178 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 414.24 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 414.24 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 414.24 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 414.24 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 414.24 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 414.24 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 414.24 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 312.96 0.48 101.28 re f 260.88 312.96 0.48 101.28 re f 395.76 312.96 0.48 101.28 re f 527.28 312.96 0.48 101.28 re f q 84.96 223.92 175.68 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.008 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 302.4 Tm [(RE)1(S)1(P)1(O)-1(NS)1(E)1( )1(\()7(T)2(o)2( )1(r)6(e)3(q)2(u)2(e)3(s)3(t)7( )1(t)7(o)2( )]TJ ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.011 Tc -0.006 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 289.68 Tm [(pa)1(r)4(t)5(i)6(c)1(i)6(pa)1(t)5(e)1( i)6(n f)5(oc)1(us)1( gr)4(oup\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.845 0 Td ( )Tj -12.845 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(Y)-2(es)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.379 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -2.379 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.013 Tc -0.013 Tw (No)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.924 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -1.924 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.007 Tw [(N)-1(o)1( r)5(e)2(s)2(p)1(o)1(n)1(s)2(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.735 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 84.96 223.92 175.68 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 226.56 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 261.36 223.92 134.4 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 302.4 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 289.68 Tm ( )Tj ET q 396.24 223.92 130.8 88.56 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 302.4 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 289.68 Tm ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 -1.156 TD ( )Tj 0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(55 )1(\()4(61%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(13 )1(\()4(14%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -8.094 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw [(22 )1(\()4(24%)-6(\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.094 0 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 312.48 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 312.48 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 312.48 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 312.48 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 312.48 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 312.48 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 312.48 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 223.92 0.48 88.56 re f 260.88 223.92 0.48 88.56 re f 395.76 223.92 0.48 88.56 re f 527.28 223.92 0.48 88.56 re f q 84.96 122.16 175.68 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.013 Tc -0.008 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 213.36 Tm [(RE)1(A)-1(S)1(O)-1(N )1(F)2(O)-1(R )1(NO)-1(N)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 0.006 Tc 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 200.64 Tm [(P)-6(A)-8(R)-7(T)-5(I)1(C)-7(I)1(P)-6(A)-8(T)-5(I)1(O)-8(N)-7( )1(\(V)-6(o)-5(l)1(u)-5(n)-5(te)-4(e)-4(r)-1(e)-4(d)-5(\))]TJ 0 Tc 14.771 0 Td ( )Tj -14.771 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw T* ( )Tj 0.011 Tc -0.011 Tw [(\()5(Too\))5( )]TJ -0.006 Tw 3.394 0 Td [(ne)1(w)-4( i)6(n f)5(a)1(c)1(ul)6(t)5(y pos)1(i)6(t)5(i)6(on)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.979 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -14.373 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.007 Tw [(N)-1(o)1( l)8(o)1(n)1(g)1(e)2(r)5( )1(a)2(f)6(f)6(i)8(l)8(i)8(a)2(t)6(e)2(d)1( )1(w)-3( )1(C)-1(W)-5(R)-1(U)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.6 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -14.6 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.001 Tw [(O)-8(th)-5(e)-4(r)-1( c)-4(o)-5(m)-10(m)-10(i)1(tm)-10(e)-4(n)-5(ts)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.187 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -10.187 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.012 Tc -0.007 Tw [(C)-1(o)1(nc)2(e)2(r)5(n)1( )1(a)2(b)1(o)1(u)1(t)6( )1(c)2(o)1(n)1(s)2(e)2(q)1(u)1(e)2(n)1(c)2(e)2(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 15.111 0 Td ( )Tj ET q 84.96 122.16 175.68 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 124.8 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 261.36 122.16 134.4 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 266.3999 213.36 Tm ( )Tj ET Q q 396.24 122.16 130.8 101.28 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 213.36 Tm ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 401.28 200.64 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.156 TD ( )Tj 0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD ( )Tj 0 Tw (1)Tj 5.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.094 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (1)Tj 5.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.094 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (4)Tj 5.094 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tw -5.094 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0 Tw (1)Tj 5.094 0 Td ( )Tj ET 84.24 223.44 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 223.44 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 223.44 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 223.44 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 223.44 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 223.44 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 223.44 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 122.16 0.48 101.28 re f 84.24 121.68 0.48 0.48 re f 84.24 121.68 0.48 0.48 re f 84.72 121.68 176.16 0.48 re f 260.88 122.16 0.48 101.28 re f 260.88 121.68 0.48 0.48 re f 261.36 121.68 134.4 0.48 re f 395.76 122.16 0.48 101.28 re f 395.76 121.68 0.48 0.48 re f 396.24 121.68 131.04 0.48 re f 527.28 122.16 0.48 101.28 re f 527.28 121.68 0.48 0.48 re f 527.28 121.68 0.48 0.48 re f BT /TT1 1 Tf 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 111.6 Tm ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 139 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 140 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (70)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(8.)2( )1( )1(Sc)1(he)1(dul)3(e)1( )1(f)2(or)1( )1(Foc)1(us)1( )1(G)-2(r)1(oup )1(M)-4(e)1(e)1(t)2(i)3(ngs)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.84 0 0 9.84 426 692.88 Tm ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 675.36 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.004 Tc -0.001 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 630 Tm [(S)-2(ch)-2(ed)-2(u)-2(l)1(e fo)-1(r F)-2(o)-1(cu)-2(s G)-4(ro)]TJ 10.184 0 Td [(u)-2(p)-2( M)-6(eeti)1(n)-2(g)-1(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 306 615.6 Tm ( )Tj -18 -1.16 Td (1.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3 0 Td (Introductory activities)Tj 8.858 0 Td ( )Tj -11.858 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 4.5 -1.16 Td (a.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Consent forms)Tj ( )Tj -1.5 -1.14 Td (b.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Demographic Information Cards)Tj 13.052 0 Td ( )Tj -19.052 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (2.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3 0 Td (Call to order by moderator)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 4.5 -1.14 Td (a.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Introduction of moderator and facilitator and explanation of their roles\ )Tj 28.186 0 Td ( )Tj -29.686 -1.16 Td (b.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Review of procedures: audio)Tj (-)Tj (taping, upholding confidentiality, time)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (3.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3 0 Td (Exp)Tj (lanation of our goal: Solicit the broadest range of ideas on women\222s \ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (experiences: 1\) techniques for survival in the current system; and 2\) \ suggested )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (approaches for changing the inherent gender bias built into the organiza\ tional )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (structure; DO NOT SEEK to re)Tj (ach a consensus. )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (4.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3 0 Td (To get the group started, suggested first question:)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 4.5 -1.14 Td (a.)Tj ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj (Why did you choose to participate?)Tj ( )Tj -1.5 -1.16 Td ( )Tj -4.5 -1.14 Td (5.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3 0 Td (Follow)Tj (-)Tj (up questions \(from IRB summary\):)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 140.3999 312.96 Tm (1.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(H)-3(o)1(w)-3( )1(d)1(o)1( y)1(ou)1( )1(t)6(h)1(i)6(n)1(k)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( )1(e)2(x)1(p)1(e)2(r)4(i)5(e)2(n)1(c)2(e)2( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(b)1(e)2(i)6(n)1(g)1( )1(a)2( )1(f)3(a)2(c)2(u)1(l)6(t)6(y)1( )1(m)-4(e)2(m)-4(b)1(e)2(r)4( )1(a)2(t)6( )1(C)-3(W)-7(R)-2(U)-3( )1(i)6(s)3( )1(d)1(i)6(f)4(f)4(e)2(r)4(e)2(n)1(t)6( )]TJ 0 -1.178 TD [(f)3(or)4( w)-4(om)-5(e)2(n t)5(ha)2(n i)5(t)5( i)5(s)2( f)3(or)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.647 0 Td ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(m)-7(e)-1(n)-2(? )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.46 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -14.028 -1.733 Td (2.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-4(oe)1(s)2( )1(ge)1(nde)1(r)3( )1(m)-5(a)1(ke)1( )1(a)1(ny )1(di)5(f)3(f)3(e)1(r)3(e)1(nc)1(e)1( )1(i)5(n )1(a)1(c)1(c)1(e)1(s)1(s)2( )1(t)5(o )1(r)3(e)1(s)2(our)3(c)1(e)1(s)2( )1(f)3(or)3( )1(f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)5(t)5(y )1(a)1(t)4( )1(C)-3(W)-8(R)-4(U)-4( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 31.817 0 Td (\226)Tj 0.509 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -32.327 -1.156 Td [(th)-4(in)-4(g)-4(s)-2( lik)-4(e)-3( s)-2(a)-3(la)-3(r)-1(y)-4(, tr)-1(a)-3(v)-4(e)-3(l m)-9(o)-4(n)-4(e)-3(y)-4(, te)-3(a)-3(c)-3(h)-4(in)-4(g)-4( lo)-4(a)-3(d)-4(s)-2(, c)-3(o)-4(m)-9(m)-9(itte)-3(e)-3( a)-3(s)-2(s)-2(ig)-4(n)-4(m)-9(e)-3(n)-4(ts)-2(, la)-3(b)-4( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw T* [(s)2(pa)1(c)1(e)1(,)5( a)1(c)1(c)1(e)1(s)2(s)2( t)4(o c)1(l)4(e)1(r)3(i)4(c)1(a)1(l)4( or)3( ot)4(he)1(r)3( s)2(uppor)3(t)4(,)5( i)4(ns)2(t)4(i)4(t)4(ut)4(i)4(ona)1(l)4( r)3(e)1(s)2(e)1(a)1(r)3(c)1(h f)3(unds)2(,)5( s)2(a)1(bba)1(t)4(i)4(c)1(a)1(l)4( or)3( )]TJ T* [(ot)4(he)1(r)3( l)]TJ 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 2.63 0 Td [(eav)-1(es)1(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -4.297 -1.711 Td (3.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-3(o)1( )1(y)1(o)1(u)1( t)6(h)1(i)6(nk)1( )1(g)1(e)2(n)1(d)1(e)2(r)4( )1(m)-4(a)2(k)1(e)2(s)2( )1(a)2(n)1(y)1( )1(d)1(i)6(f)4(f)4(e)2(r)4(e)2(n)1(c)2(e)2( )1(i)6(n)1( )1(e)1(v)1(e)2(r)4(y)1(d)1(a)2(y)1( )1(i)6(n)1(t)6(e)2(r)4(a)2(c)2(t)6(i)6(o)1(n)1( a)2(m)-4(o)1(n)1(g)1( )1(f)4(a)2(c)2(u)1(l)6(t)6(y)1(,)6( )]TJ 0.009 Tc T* [(be)1(t)4(w)-4(e)1(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(nd a)1(dm)-5(i)4(ni)4(s)2(t)4(r)3(a)1(t)4(or)3(s)2(,)5( or)3( be)1(t)4(w)-4(e)1(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y a)1(nd s)2(t)4(a)1(f)3(f)3(?)2( D)-4(o pe)1(opl)4(e)1( )]TJ T* [(not)4(i)4(c)1(e)1( ge)1(nde)1(r)3( w)-4(he)1(n t)4(he)1(y t)4(a)1(l)4(k w)-4(i)4(t)4(h one)1( a)1(not)4(he)1(r)3(?)2( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.571 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -21.237 -1.733 Td (4.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.007 Tc -0.002 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-6(o)-2(e)-1(s )1(t)3(h)-2(e)-1( )1(i)3(m)-7(p)-2(a)-1(c)-1(t)3( )1(o)-2(f)1( )1(f)1(a)-1(m)-7(i)3(l)3(y)-2( )1(l)3(i)3(f)1(e)-1( )1(d)-2(i)2(f)1(f)1(e)-1(r)1( )1(f)1(o)-2(r)1( )1(m)-7(e)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 17.707 0 Td [(n a)1(nd w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)4(t)4(y?)2( D)-4(o w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n a)1(nd )]TJ -17.707 -1.156 Td [(m)-5(e)1(n f)3(a)1(c)1(e)1( di)4(f)3(f)3(e)1(r)3(e)1(nt)4( i)4(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( i)4(n ba)1(l)4(a)1(nc)1(i)4(ng w)-4(or)3(k a)1(nd f)3(a)1(m)-5(i)4(l)4(y de)1(m)-5(a)1(nds)2(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 26.728 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -28.395 -1.733 Td (5.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-4(o )1(you )1(t)5(hi)5(nk t)5(he)1( )1(i)5(s)2(s)2(ue)1(s)2( )1(f)3(a)1(c)1(i)5(ng )1(w)-4(om)-5(e)1(n )1(f)3(a)1(c)1(ul)5(t)5(y )1(c)1(ha)1(n)-1(ge)1( )1(a)1(c)1(r)3(os)2(s)2( )1(t)5(he)1( )1(a)1(c)1(a)1(de)1(m)-5(i)5(c)1( )1(c)1(a)1(r)3(e)1(e)1(r)3( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.178 TD (\226)Tj 0.509 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(a)1(s)2( w)-4(e)1(/)4(t)4(he)1(y m)-5(ove)1( f)2(r)3(om)-5( a)1(s)2(s)2(i)4(s)2(t)4(a)1(nt)4( pr)3(of)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(or)3( t)4(o f)2(ul)4(l)4( pr)3(of)2(e)1(s)2(s)2(or)3(?)2( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 24.553 0 Td ( )Tj -31.651 -1.156 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 110.88 Tm (6.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 3 0 Td (Closing: )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 172.6758 110.88 Tm [(tw)-9(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.528 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(que)1(s)2(t)4(i)4(ons)2(,)5( e)1(a)1(c)1(h of)3( w)-4(hi)4(c)1(h i)4(s)2( a)1(s)2(ke)1(d i)4(n a)1( r)3(ound)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 18.301 0 Td [(r)3(obi)4(n m)-5(a)1(nne)1(r)3(.)5( \()3(1\))3( S)-1(uppos)2(e)1( )]TJ -24.405 -1.2 Td [(you ha)1(d one)1( m)-5(i)4(nut)4(e)1( t)4(o t)4(a)1(l)4(k t)4(o P)-1(r)3(e)1(s)2(i)4(de)1(nt)4( A)-4(us)2(t)4(on a)1(bout)4( how)-4( t)4(o i)4(m)-5(pr)3(ove)1( t)4(he)1( s)2(i)4(t)4(ua)1(t)4(i)4(on f)3(or)3( )]TJ ET endstream endobj 141 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 142 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (71)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 126 709.68 Tm [(w)-3(o)1(m)-4(e)2(n)1( )1(f)4(a)2(c)2(ul)6(t)6(y)1( )1(a)2(t)6( )1(C)-2(W)-7(R)-2(U)-3(.)5( )1( )1(W)-7(h)1(a)2(t)6( )1(w)-3(o)1(u)1(l)6(d)1( )1(y)1(o)1(u)1( )1(s)2(a)2(y)1(?)3( )1(a)2(n)1(d)1( )1(\()4(2)1(\))4( )1(H)-3(a)2(ve)2( w)-3(e)2( )1(m)-4(i)6(s)3(s)3(e)2(d)1( )1(a)2(n)1(yt)6(h)1(i)6(n)1(g)1(?)3( )1( )1(I)4(s)3( )]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(t)4(he)1(r)3(e)1( a)1(nyt)4(hi)4(ng w)]TJ -0.005 Tw 6.845 0 Td [(e)1( s)2(houl)4(d ha)1(ve)1( a)1(s)2(ke)1(d but)4( di)4(dn')5(t)4(?)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 337.2343 696.96 Tm ( )Tj -20.603 -1.12 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (March 12, 2001)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 143 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 144 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (72)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.006 Tc -0.003 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppendi)3(x 9.)3( S)-1(am)-3(pl)3(e I)3(nt)3(r)2(oduct)3(or)2(y S)-1(cr)2(i)3(pt)3( f)3(or)2( Focus )]TJ 0 -1.167 TD [(G)-2(r)2(oup M)-3(oder)2(at)2(or)2(s )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.092 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 656.88 Tm ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 9.472 -1.14 Td (INTRODUCING THE FOCUS GROUP)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -9.472 -1.16 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0 -1.14 TD (We\222d like to welcome you to the Senior Women Faculty Focus Group and \ thank )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (you for taking the time to jo)Tj (in us in our discussion of the impact of gender on the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (experiences of ǿմý faculty. My name is _____________ and this is _____\ __. )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Both of us are members of the Resource Equity Committee, which was )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (established originally by the Senate Committee on the Sta)Tj 25.684 0 Td (tus of Women Faculty.)Tj ( )Tj -25.684 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (We\222re interested in learning about what it is like to be a senior wom\ an on the )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (ǿմý Faculty. We\222ve invited senior women from different parts of the\ university )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (to share their thoughts and ideas. We are particularly interested in yo\ u)Tj 31.352 0 Td (r views )Tj -31.352 -1.16 Td (because you have had a number of years of experience at ǿմý, and we wan\ t )Tj T* (to tap into those experiences.)Tj 13.064 0 Td ( )Tj -13.064 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (Today we\222ll be discussing your thoughts and opinions about life as a \ senior )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (woman on the ǿմý faculty. Basically we want to know about the ch)Tj 31.072 0 Td (allenges )Tj -31.072 -1.14 Td (and resources that shape the experiences of senior women and what might \ be )Tj T* (done to facilitate your work situation. We would like you to share your\ own )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (experiences but also represent the experiences of colleagues who may not\ )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (participate in one of )Tj 9.006 0 Td (our focus groups. We want to learn about your perception of )Tj -9.006 -1.14 Td (the more general environment on campus as well as your particular experi\ ences.)Tj 35.743 0 Td ( )Tj -35.743 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (There are no wrong answers to the questions we raise but rather differen\ t points )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (of view. Please feel free to shar)Tj (e your point of view even if it differs from what )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (others might have said. We are trying to capture the range of experienc\ es )Tj 33.131 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (not )Tj -33.131 -1.16 Td (reach consensus on each point.)Tj 14.121 0 Td ( )Tj -14.121 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Before we begin, let me suggest some things to make our discussion more \ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (productive. Please s)Tj (peak up )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (but only one person should talk at a time. We\222re )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (tape recording the session, because we don\222t want to miss any of your\ )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (comments. We\222ve assigned each of you a letter of the alphabet )Tj 28.463 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (your letter is )Tj -28.463 -1.16 Td (written on the \223tent\224 placed on the table in f)Tj 18.956 0 Td (ront of you. We\222ll be addressing you )Tj -18.956 -1.14 Td (by letter, and we ask you to do the same. We will carefully edit out an\ y )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (identifying information from the focus group transcripts. And all of us\ signed a )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (pledge of confidentiality )Tj 10.73 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (none of the comments made during t)Tj 17.123 0 Td (hese sessions will )Tj -27.853 -1.16 Td (ever be attributed to individuals or described in such a way that identi\ fication of )Tj T* (the speaker is possible.)Tj 10.45 0 Td ( )Tj -10.45 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* (My role here is to ask questions and listen. _________\222s is to record\ the order of )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (speakers \(identified only by letter\) and to )Tj 18.289 0 Td (facilitate our discussion. Neither of us )Tj -18.289 -1.14 Td (will be participating in the conversation, but we want you to feel free \ to talk with )Tj T* (one another.)Tj 5.616 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 145 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 146 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (73)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (I\222ll be asking about five or six questions, and I\222ll be moving the\ discussion form )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (one question to the next. There)Tj ( )Tj (is a tendency in these discussions for some )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (people to talk a lot and some people not to say much. But it is importa\ nt for us to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (hear from each of you tonight, because you have different experiences. S\ o if one )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (of you is sharing a lot, I may ask you to let)Tj 18.622 0 Td ( )Tj (others talk. And if you\222re not saying )Tj -18.622 -1.16 Td (much, I may ask your opinion.)Tj 13.286 0 Td ( )Tj -13.286 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Let\222s begin. Let\222s find out more about each other by going around \ the table. )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (We\222d like each of you to tell us briefly )Tj 16.731 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (in a sentence or two )Tj 10.062 0 Td (\226)Tj ( )Tj (why you agreed to )Tj -26.793 -1.16 Td (participate in this ses)Tj (sion. Let\222s begin with person \223A.\224)Tj 24.123 0 Td ( )Tj -24.123 -1.14 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 147 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 148 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (74)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 0 -1.909 TD [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(10)-1(.)3( )1( )1(Foc)1(us)1( )1(G)-2(r)1(oup )1(N)-2(ot)2(e )1(C)-2(ar)1(d )1(D)-2(at)2(a)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 18.968 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 644.88 Tm ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 14.612 -1.14 Td (Note Card Data)Tj ( )Tj 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 90 618.24 Tm [(Se)2(ni)6(o)1(r)2( )1(w)-5(o)1(m)-5(e)1(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.196 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.339 0 Td (1:)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.848 0 Td ( )Tj -7.384 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 1.667 -1.156 Td (1.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(S)-1(a)1(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -1.667 -1.178 Td (2.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(B)-3(a)1(d )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.895 0 Td (\226)Tj 0.509 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(unde)1(r)3(c)1(ut)4( a)1(nd t)4(i)4(m)-5(e)1( w)-4(a)1(s)2(t)4(e)1(d.)5( G)-4(ood)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw (-)Tj 14.057 0 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.001 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(c)-3(o)-4(lle)-3(a)-3(g)-4(u)-4(e)-3(s)-2( o)-4(f)-2( in)-4(te)-3(g)-4(r)-1(ity)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.107 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -27.745 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(M)-12(ix)-5(e)-3(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.659 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -4.326 -1.156 Td (4.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(F)-5(r)-1(u)-4(s)-2(t)1(r)-1(a)-3(t)1(in)-4(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.47 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -6.137 -1.178 Td (5.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-8(i)1(f)-1(f)-1(i)1(c)-3(u)-4(l)1(t)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.508 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -5.175 -1.178 Td (6.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-3(e)2(g)1(r)4(a)2(d)1(i)6(n)1(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.299 0 Td ( )Tj -7.632 -1.156 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(Se)2(ni)6(o)1(r)2( )1(w)-5(o)1(m)-5(e)1(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.196 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.339 0 Td (2:)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.848 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -7.384 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 1.667 -1.178 Td (1.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(L)-3(es)1(s)1( r)2(eco)-1(g)-1(n)-1(i)3(zed)-1( h)-1(er)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 8.144 0 Td [(e)1( t)4(ha)1(n out)4(s)2(i)4(de)1( t)4(he)1( uni)4(ve)1(r)3(s)2(i)4(t)4(y)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 11.484 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -21.295 -1.156 Td (2.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(H)-3(a)2(r)4(d)1( )1(w)-3(o)1(r)4(k)1(,)5( )1(b)1(u)1(t)6( )1(s)3(t)6(i)6(m)-4(u)1(l)6(a)2(t)6(i)6(n)1(g)1( a)2(n)1(d)1( )1(s)3(a)2(t)6(i)6(s)3(f)4(y)1(i)6(n)1(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 16.974 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -18.64 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(M)-9(ar)1(g)-2(i)3(n)-2(al)3(i)3(zed)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.43 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -7.096 -1.178 Td (4.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(P)-3(e)-1(r)1(si)3(st)3(e)-1(n)-2(c)-1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -1.667 -1.156 Td (5.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(G)-8(r)-1(a)-3(t)1(i)1(f)-1(y)-4(i)1(n)-5(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.243 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -5.91 -1.178 Td (6.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(C)-3(ha)1(l)4(l)4(e)1(ngi)4(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.979 0 Td ( )Tj -8.312 -1.178 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(Ju)-1(n)-1(i)4(or)1( w)-5(om)-6(e)1(n)-1(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 6.593 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -6.593 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 1.667 -1.178 Td (1.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(U)-8(n)-4(i)1(n)-4(v)-4(i)1(t)1(e)-3(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.074 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -5.74 -1.178 Td (2.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(O)-3(p)1(p)1(o)1(r)4(t)6(u)1(n)1(i)6(t)6(y)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.979 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -6.646 -1.156 Td (3.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(C)-3(ha)1(l)4(l)4(e)1(ngi)4(ng!)3(!)3(!)3( A)-4(nd s)2(t)4(i)4(m)-5(ul)4(a)1(t)4(i)4(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 12.843 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -14.51 -1.178 Td (4.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(Su)1(c)2(h)1( )1(m)-4(i)6(x)1(e)1(d)1( )1(f)4(e)2(e)2(l)6(i)6(n)1(g)1(s)3(:)6( )1(r)4(i)6(c)2(h)1(ne)2(s)3(s)3( )1(o)1(f)4( )1(c)2(o)1(m)-4(m)-4(u)1(n)1(i)6(t)5(y)1(,)6( )1(l)6(o)1(n)1(e)2(l)6(i)6(n)1(e)2(s)3(s)3( )1(a)1(n)1(d)1( )1(i)6(s)3(o)1(l)6(a)2(t)6(i)6(o)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 27.751 0 Td (n)Tj 0.509 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -29.927 -1.178 Td (5.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(Pr)4(o)1(f)4(e)2(s)3(s)3(i)6(on)1(a)1(l)6( )1(b)1(l)6(a)2(c)2(k)1( )1(h)1(o)1(l)6(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.504 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -11.171 -1.156 Td (6.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(Fr)4(u)1(s)3(t)6(r)4(a)2(t)6(i)6(n)1(g!)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.809 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -6.476 -1.178 Td (7.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(O)-3(v)1(e)2(r)4(w)-3(o)1(r)4(k)1(e)2(d)1(,)6( u)1(n)1(d)1(e)2(r)4(p)1(a)2(i)6(d)1(,)6( )1(u)1(n)1(d)1(e)2(r)4(a)2(p)1(pr)4(e)2(c)1(i)6(a)2(t)6(e)2(d)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 17.194 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -18.861 -1.178 Td (8.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(E)-2(xha)1(us)2(t)4(i)4(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -3.333 -1.178 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0 -1.156 TD [(M)-8(e)1(n)-1( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.234 0 Td (\226)Tj 0.509 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(m)-6(i)4(x)1(e)1(d)-1( r)1(an)-1(k)-1(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.346 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -8.345 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 1.667 -1.178 Td (1.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.008 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(E)-3(x)-1(as)1(p)-1(er)2(at)3(i)3(n)-1(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 5.317 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -6.984 -1.156 Td (2.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(A)-3(n)1( )1(o)1(r)4(g)1(a)2(n)1(i)6(z)2(a)1(t)6(i)6(o)1(n)1( )1(t)6(h)1(a)2(t)6( )1(d)1(o)1(e)2(s)2( )1(n)1(o)1(t)6( )1(k)1(n)1(o)1(w)-3( )1(i)6(t)6(s)3( d)1(i)6(r)4(e)2(c)2(t)6(i)6(o)1(n)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 19.659 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -21.326 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 0.903 0 Td [(G)-8(e)-3(n)-4(e)-3(r)-1(a)-3(l)1(l)1(y)-5( )1(p)-4(o)-4(s)-2(i)1(t)1(i)1(v)-4(e)-3( )]TJ 0 Tc 7.75 0 Td (-)Tj 0.339 0 Td ( )Tj 0.006 Tc -0.002 Tw 0.255 0 Td [(s)-1(o)-3(m)-8(e)-2(t)1(i)1(m)-8(e)-2(s)-1( fru)-3(s)-1(t)1(ra)-2(t)1(i)1(n)-3(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 8.854 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -18.865 -1.178 Td (4.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 0.903 0 Td [(O)-8(v)-4(e)-3(r)-1(a)-3(l)1(l)1(,)1( )1(t)1(h)-4(e)-3(y)-4( )1(a)-3(r)-1(e)-3( )1(p)-4(o)-4(s)-2(i)1(t)1(i)1(v)-4(e)-3( )1(b)-4(u)-4(t)1( )1(f)-1(r)-1(u)-4(s)-2(t)1(r)-1(a)-3(t)1(i)1(n)]TJ 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 15.839 0 Td [(g due)1( t)4(o t)4(he)1( l)4(a)1(c)1(k of)3( c)1(ha)1(nge)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.973 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -28.479 -1.156 Td (5.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.008 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(I)2(t)3( h)-1(as)1( eat)3(en)-1( m)-6(e al)3(i)3(v)-1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -3.333 -1.178 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(M)-8(i)4(x)1(e)1(d)-1( ge)1(n)-1(d)-1(e)1(r)1(,)5( m)-6(i)4(x)1(e)1(d)-1( r)1(an)-1(k)-1(:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 11.88 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -11.88 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 1.667 -1.156 Td (1.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(G)-3(e)2(n)1(e)2(r)4(a)2(l)6(l)6(y)1( p)1(o)1(s)3(i)6(t)6(i)6(v)1(e)2( )1(w)-3(i)6(t)6(h)1( )1(a)2( b)1(r)4(i)6(g)1(h)1(t)6( )1(o)1(u)1(t)6(l)6(o)1(o)1(k)1( )1(f)4(o)1(r)4( )1(t)5(h)1(e)2( )1(f)4(u)1(t)6(u)1(r)4(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 21.95 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -23.617 -1.178 Td (2.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(S)-5(t)1(i)1(m)-9(u)-4(l)1(a)-3(t)1(i)1(n)-4(g)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.753 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -6.42 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.004 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(O)-4(n )1(ba)1(l)5(a)1(nc)1(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.609 0 Td (-)Tj 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.339 0 Td [(ve)1(r)3(y s)2(a)1(t)4(i)4(s)2(f)3(yi)4(ng \()3(i)4(n w)-4(a)1(ys)2( ot)4(he)1(r)3( t)4(ha)1(n $\))]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 15.218 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -21.833 -1.156 Td (4.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.01 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(A)-3(d)1(e)2(q)1(u)1(a)2(t)6(e)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 3.903 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -5.569 -1.178 Td (5.)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(C)-3(ha)1(l)4(l)4(e)1(ngi)4(ng a)1(nd t)4(o da)1(t)4(e)1(,)5( r)3(e)1(w)-4(a)1(r)3(di)4(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 14.34 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 149 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 150 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (75)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 10.8 0 0 10.8 108 709.68 Tm (6.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 0.903 0 Td [(D)-8(i)1(f)-1(f)-1(i)1(c)-3(u)-5(l)1(t)1( )1(t)1(o)-4( )1(c)-3(o)-4(p)]TJ -0.001 Tw 6.28 0 Td [(e)-3( w)-8(ith)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 2.517 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -10.464 -1.178 Td (7.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(I)3( ha)1(ve)1( be)1(ne)1(f)2(i)4(t)4(e)1(d f)2(r)3(om)-5( a)1(n e)1(nvi)4(r)3(onm)-5(e)1(nt)4( t)4(ha)1(t)4( f)2(a)1(c)1(i)4(l)4(i)4(t)4(a)1(t)4(e)1(d m)-5(y pr)3(oduc)1(t)4(i)4(vi)4(t)4(y)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 28.312 0 Td ( )Tj -31.645 -1.156 Td ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0 -1.178 TD [(A)-6(d)-3(m)-8(i)3(n)-3(i)3(st)1(r)-1(a)-2(to)-2(r)-1(s:)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 7.016 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -7.016 -1.178 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 1.667 -1.178 Td (1.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.005 Tc 0.903 0 Td [(S)-5(t)1(i)1(m)-9(u)-4(l)1(a)-3(t)1(i)1(n)-4(g)-4( )1(a)-3(n)-4(d)-4( )1(f)-1(u)-4(l)1(f)-1(i)1(l)1(l)1(i)1(n)-4(g)]TJ 0 Tc 10.355 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -12.022 -1.156 Td (2.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(A)-3(n)1( )1(u)1(p)1(h)1(i)6(l)6(l)6( b)1(a)2(t)6(t)6(l)6(e)2( )1(i)6(n)1( )1(t)6(h)1(e)2( s)3(t)6(r)4(u)1(g)1(g)1(l)6(e)2( )1(f)4(o)1(r)4( )1(e)2(q)1(u)1(i)6(t)6(y)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -1.667 -1.178 Td (3.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.01 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(D)-3(i)6(s)3(c)2(o)1(v)1(e)2(r)4(i)5(n)1(g )1(w)-3(i)6(t)6(h)1( )1(o)1(t)6(h)1(e)2(r)4(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 9.787 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -11.454 -1.178 Td (4.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.005 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(R)-3(e)1(w)-4(a)1(r)3(di)4(ng but)4( e)1(xha)1(us)2(t)4(i)4(ng)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.692 0 Td ( )Tj 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw -12.359 -1.156 Td (5.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.764 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0.009 Tc -0.009 Tw 0.903 0 Td [(T)-2(ough)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET 126 594 28.8 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 582.24 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 151 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 152 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (76)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 692.88 Tm [(A)-2(ppe)1(ndi)3(x)1( )1(11)-1(.)3( )1( )1(D)-2(e)1(s)1(c)1(r)1(i)3(pt)2(i)3(ve)1( )1(C)-2(ode)1(s)1( )]TJ -0.003 Tw 14.253 0 Td [(f)2(or)1( s)1(c)1(or)1(i)3(ng f)2(oc)1(us)1( gr)1(oup )]TJ -0.005 Tw -14.253 -1.167 Td [(t)2(r)1(ans)1(c)1(r)1(i)3(pt)2(s)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 4.713 0 Td ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 656.88 Tm ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 -1.14 TD (COMBINED CODES )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (Revision 3)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (NOTE)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (: Code both positive and negative examples of a particular code.)Tj 28.771 0 Td ( )Tj ET 90 599.76 345.36 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 588 Tm ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 556.56 Tm [(A)-2(.)3( )1(E)-1(x)1(t)2(e)1(r)1(na)-1(l)3( )1(E)-1(nvi)3(r)1(onm)-3(e)1(nt)2( )]TJ /C2_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 11.222 0 Td <0002>Tj ET q 12 12 587.76 767.76 re W n BT /CS0 CS 0 0 0 SCN 0.38 w /C2_0 1 Tf 1 Tr 15.84 0 0 15.84 267.7578 556.56 Tm <0002>Tj ET Q BT /TT1 1 Tf 15.84 0 0 15.84 284.7656 556.56 Tm ( )Tj 0.007 Tc -0.007 Tw 0.253 0 Td [(CW)-3(RU.)]TJ /TT0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.003 Tw 3.452 0 Td [( )1( )]TJ 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 351.4375 556.56 Tm (These codes relate to the impact of )Tj -21.786 -1.22 Td (academic careers and research universities in ge)Tj 19.212 0 Td (neral on the experiences of people at )Tj -19.212 -1.14 Td (ǿմý. Material coded here should illustrate the way in which experience\ s at ǿմý )Tj T* (are affected by the external environment.)Tj 16.437 0 Td ( )Tj -16.437 -1.14 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (1. Faculty Career Trajectories are Gendered)Tj /TT0 1 Tf 19.298 0 Td (.)Tj ( )Tj -16.298 -1.14 Td (Examples:)Tj ( )Tj 1.2 -1.16 Td (Jobs structured to promote certain k)Tj (inds of bodies.)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Tenure is a gendered institution: tenure track schedule is engineered fo\ r )Tj 29.156 0 Td ( )Tj -29.156 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 1.8 0 Td (men)Tj ( )Tj -1.8 -1.14 Td (Jobs developed with male careers in mind)Tj 16.773 0 Td ( )Tj -16.773 -1.16 Td (Gendered career paths: different for men and women)Tj 21.186 0 Td ( )Tj -21.186 -1.14 Td (Myth of the ideal worker)Tj ( )Tj -7.2 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (2. ǿմý as a Research University)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. )Tj (Teaching trivialized)Tj 9.218 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 346.8 110.64 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 335.04 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Teaching as devalued labor)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. Only one career path)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 319.2 115.2 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 307.44 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (All)Tj 1.278 0 Td (-)Tj (or)Tj (-)Tj (nothing system.)Tj ( )Tj -10.278 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Grueling and unfriendly tenure process)Tj 15.662 0 Td ( )Tj -24.662 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Rising bar for tenure.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. External networks)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 264 102 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 252.24 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Gold)Tj (-)Tj (old)Tj (-)Tj (boy networks limits women\222s recognition.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Wom)Tj (en are less likely to be self)Tj 12.83 0 Td (-)Tj (promoting.)Tj ( )Tj -21.83 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (3. Societal assumption of a certain family structure)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td (4. Women\222s contributions devalued in a larger community)Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0.005 Tc -0.002 Tw 15.84 0 0 15.84 90 151.68 Tm [(B)-2(.)2( I)1(nt)2(er)1(nal)2( E)-1(nvi)2(r)1(onm)-3(ent)2( )]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 10.099 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 90 137.28 Tm ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (1. Token Dynamics)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 9.84 0 0 9.84 90 109.68 Tm ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 162 109.68 Tm (Lack of a critical mass of women)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of women in)Tj ( )Tj (engineering)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Seen as representative of a group, a symbol or stand)Tj (-)Tj (in for all women)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 153 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 154 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (77)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women aware of being the underclass)Tj 15.3 0 Td ( )Tj -21.3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Too few women )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (stand out but overlooked)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Social exclusion: \223Urinal connection\224 \(Exclusion from informal m\ ale )Tj 28.354 0 Td ( )Tj -25.354 -1.14 Td (networks\))Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 0 -1.14 TD (2. Ever)Tj (ything is Negotiated)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Secrecy)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 624 52.32 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 612.24 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Cloak of private university.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Administration controls information)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. Shifting Sands)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 582.72 85.44 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 570.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No clear rules)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (Shifting standards re qualifications for admin positions.)Tj 22.248 0 Td ( )Tj -31.248 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Standards change as women advance.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. Side deal)Tj (s)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 527.52 63.36 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 515.52 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Decisions made in secrecy.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women excluded from secret \223side\224 deals.)Tj 17.104 0 Td ( )Tj -26.104 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Some m en excluded from secret \223side\224 deals)Tj 18.188 0 Td ( )Tj -27.188 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women not taught how to negotiate.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (d. Unequal application of rules and procedures)Tj 18.938 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 458.4 227.28 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 446.64 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Systems/rules not applied with equity, fle)Tj (xibility)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (e. Inadequate explanations of options at hire.)Tj 18.189 0 Td ( )Tj -24.189 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (f. No accountability)Tj ( )Tj 9 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj -21 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (3. Hierarchical, Elitist Structure)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Rank privilege)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 375.6 85.2 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 363.84 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Adjuncts as secondary faculty group.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Full professors have inordinate power/influence.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Full profs \223lord)Tj ( )Tj (it over others.\224)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (University run by full professors, others have little impact.)Tj 23.44 0 Td ( )Tj -32.44 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. \223Star system\224)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 306.72 81.36 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 294.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Privileges lavished on senior \223stars\224)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Success generates jealousy)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. Interaction of Rank and Gender)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 265.2 166.32 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 253.44 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Rank privilege available to men, but not w)Tj 17.051 0 Td (omen.)Tj ( )Tj -26.051 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Gender power differences exaggerated in gender)Tj 19.463 0 Td (-)Tj (linked hierarchy.)Tj ( )Tj -28.463 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Intersection between gender & rank magnifies inequalities.)Tj 23.631 0 Td ( )Tj -32.631 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Attribution of looking too young. Mistaken for student.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Infantilizing of women )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (\223not quite ready.\224)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Disproport)Tj (ionate segregation of women into instructor positions)Tj 25.663 0 Td ( )Tj -34.663 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women use rank to treat others inappropriately)Tj 18.882 0 Td ( )Tj -27.882 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (d. Interlocking Inequalities [It\222s not just gender])Tj 19.495 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 154.8 234 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 198 143.04 Tm (Not safe for lesbians: heterosexist environment, exclusion from )Tj 25.634 0 Td ( )Tj -25.634 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (male club.)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td (ǿմý: heterosexual, )Tj (male club: male world.)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (ǿմý stratified along multiple dimensions.)Tj ( )Tj -7.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Lack of diversity )Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 155 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 156 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (78)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 108 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Lack of diversity awareness)Tj ( )Tj -7.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Pervasive racism, subtle and unsubtle)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No formal organizational mechanisms for sensitivity training for )Tj 26.106 0 Td ( )Tj -35.106 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (faculty)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Class diff)Tj (erences)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td (e. Too few women, too few at top)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 637.92 162.24 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 625.92 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Composition/leadership of board of trustees)Tj 17.553 0 Td ( )Tj -26.553 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Scarcity of women at upper ranks.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Struggle to find women to serve on senior committees)Tj 21.663 0 Td ( )Tj -30.663 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No role models.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Too few women in university administration.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (4. Ex)Tj 2.416 0 Td (perience of Faculty Differentiated by Gender)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -5.416 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Interaction with others \(Formal and Informal\))Tj 19.494 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 527.52 234 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 515.52 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(1\) With other faculty)Tj ( )Tj ET 198 513.6 104.88 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 501.84 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Social exclusion: )Tj ( )Tj T* (\223Urinal connection\224 \(Exclusion from informal male )Tj 21.244 0 Td ( )Tj -18.244 -1.14 Td (networks\))Tj ( )Tj -15 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Behaviors hidden beneath clock of academic f)Tj 18.493 0 Td (reedom)Tj ( )Tj -30.493 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Intentional exclusion.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Incivility, lack of respect, rudeness by men )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf 17.467 0 Td <0002>Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj (women.)Tj ( )Tj -29.467 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Men and women feel awkward because of threat of sexual )Tj 23.547 0 Td ( )Tj -20.547 -1.16 Td (harassment.)Tj ( )Tj -13.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Male unreasonableness wins)Tj ( )Tj -10.5 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Juvenile behaviors \223pitch fits, screaming and yelling)Tj 21.023 0 Td ( )Tj -31.523 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (social exclusion \(lunch, urinal connection, golf\))Tj 19.134 0 Td ( )Tj -29.634 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (male bonding )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (social homophily)Tj ( )Tj -10.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Rudeness )Tj (-)Tj ( )Tj (\223it\222s asking too much to expect physicians to be )Tj 24.079 0 Td ( )Tj -34.579 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (civil\224 )Tj ( )Tj -13.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Patronizing by older male faculty)Tj ( )Tj -10.5 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Myth of female advantage )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (men\222s fears and jealou)Tj (sies)Tj 22.049 0 Td ( )Tj -34.049 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Awkwardness, but unintentional.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(2\) With students)Tj ( )Tj ET 198 251.52 83.28 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 239.52 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Awkward interactions between men and women due to )Tj 22.271 0 Td ( )Tj -31.271 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (sexual harrasment)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Male faculty get instant respect from students, women )Tj 21.967 0 Td ( )Tj -30.967 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (don\222t.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Students expect nurturance from women faculty)Tj 19.245 0 Td (.)Tj ( )Tj -28.245 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Students resent high standards from women faculty)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Students treat women faculty differently:)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Male students aggressively confrontational toward women )Tj 23.661 0 Td ( )Tj -32.661 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (faculty)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women are subjected to more criticism \(from grades to )Tj 22.41 0 Td ( )Tj -31.41 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (clothes\) )Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Height)Tj (-)Tj (is)Tj (m)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 157 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 158 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (79)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women students expect women faculty to be confidants)Tj 22.411 0 Td ( )Tj -31.411 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women seen as champions of women students.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(3\) With staff)Tj 5.443 0 Td ( )Tj ET 198 679.2 65.28 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 667.44 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Preferential treatment of men by staff )Tj 15.273 0 Td ( )Tj -27.273 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td [(Inappropriate treatment of staff by male f)-1(aculty)]TJ 18.994 0 Td ( )Tj -27.994 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Abusive)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Trivializing)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Demean)Tj 3.332 0 Td (ing)Tj ( )Tj -15.332 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Sense of entitlement)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No sanctions; lack of rules and guidelines)Tj 16.719 0 Td ( )Tj -28.719 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. Everyday, routine procedures)Tj 13.051 0 Td (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 555.12 156.72 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 543.12 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Gender)Tj (-)Tj (unfriendly scheduling silences voices.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women assigned to committees not helpful for T/P.)Tj 20.719 0 Td ( )Tj -29.719 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (P/T rules poorly laid out.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Unclear)Tj ( )Tj (norms; vague about what\222s needed for promotion.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Ghettoization \(Steering\) of women \(e.g., committee assignment\))Tj 25.799 0 Td ( )Tj -34.799 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. Professional Development \(can be used alone as a general code\))Tj 26.878 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 472.32 322.56 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 460.32 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(1\) Lack of Mentoring)Tj ( )Tj ET 198 458.4 107.52 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 446.64 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No on tells you the ground rules.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No on)Tj (e teaches you how to negotiate.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No one tells you about side deals.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (No info about others )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (negotiating out of the loop.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of self)Tj 4.776 0 Td (-)Tj (promotion by women.)Tj ( )Tj -16.776 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(2\) No socialization re negotiation)Tj 13.718 0 Td ( )Tj ET 198 375.6 164.64 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 363.84 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(3\) Experience of senior women)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 198 361.92 154.56 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 349.92 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Senior women a)Tj (re overloaded.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Carry scars from a brutalizing system.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Suffer token dynamics)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Queen bee syndrome shown by some senior women.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\223Clarence Thomas Chair:\224 not all women see women\222s )Tj 22.577 0 Td ( )Tj -19.577 -1.14 Td (issues.)Tj ( )Tj -15 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Token women as apologists for the system.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\(4\) Sen)Tj (ior women as role models)Tj (?)Tj 13.69 0 Td ( )Tj ET 198 251.52 158.88 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 239.52 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of support from senior to junior women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Senior women as negative role models )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (overworked, )Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj (overwhelmed.)Tj ( )Tj 3 -1.14 Td (d.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Academic Careers at ǿմý are gendered \(specific references to )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (ǿմý, not a)Tj (cademe in general\).)Tj ( )Tj -7.5 -1.14 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 3 0 Td [(5. Culture Ex)1(perienced as Ex)1(clusionary )]TJ /C2_0 1 Tf <0002>Tj ET q 12 12 587.76 767.76 re W n BT /CS0 CS 0 0 0 SCN 0.288 w /C2_0 1 Tf 1 Tr 12 0 0 12 334.9746 156.72 Tm <0002>Tj ET Q BT /TT2 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 347.7305 156.72 Tm ( )Tj (Women)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -21.478 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Marginalizing of Women)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 141.12 136.32 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 129.12 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Insidious, psychologically debilitating climate )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf 18.747 0 Td <0002>Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj (women.)Tj ( )Tj -27.747 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women\222s issues are invisible.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women\222s work is invisible.)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 159 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 160 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (80)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Championing of women\222s concern)Tj (s viewed unfavorably by some, )Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj (encouraged by others)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Passive discrimination, benign neglect.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women slapped down for standing up for themselves.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Unintentional discrimination.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of proper appreciation of )Tj (accomplishments.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women as backstage players.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Viewed as petty if complain \(E: micro)Tj 15.329 0 Td (-)Tj (inequalities\))Tj ( )Tj -24.329 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. Double standards)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 596.4 98.64 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 584.64 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Caricaturization of women who don\222t fit female stereotype.)Tj 23.771 0 Td ( )Tj -32.771 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women judged more rigorously.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Asked me to bake cookies last we)Tj (ek. For a conference.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Negative attitudes toward working women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Expectations of nurturance from women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Pressure to conform to stereotypes.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Woman as \223marked\224 status.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women expected to smile.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\223Forthright, outspoken\224 positive for men, negati)Tj (ve for women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Labeling. Playing into gender stereotypes, i.e., good girl.)Tj 22.995 0 Td ( )Tj -31.995 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (If you\222re nice you\222re invisible. If you\222re visible, you\222re \ )Tj 22.549 0 Td ( )Tj -19.549 -1.16 Td (caricatured.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Different standards for male/female behavior.)Tj 18.299 0 Td ( )Tj -27.299 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Leadership seems male.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\223Still expected to make)Tj ( )Tj (the guy think it\222s his idea.\224)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Masculinity )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf <0002>Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj (power \(manifested in conscious & unconscious )Tj ( )Tj 3 -1.14 Td (ways\))Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. Women constantly seen as falling short)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 348 203.28 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 336.24 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of affirmation, acknowledgement that they are progressing, )Tj 26.214 0 Td ( )Tj -32.214 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (that they have unique intellectual and ot)Tj 15.995 0 Td (her contributions to )Tj ( )Tj -24.995 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (make)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\223Anything we do somehow doesn\222t weigh as much as what men )Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (do.\224 )Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of recognition of expertise )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (Not seen as authorities in their )Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (fields)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women have to constantly prove themselves: at time of hire as )Tj 25.41 0 Td ( )Tj -31.41 -1.14 Td ( )Tj ( )Tj (well as in career track.)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women not seen as authorities in their fields.)Tj 18.107 0 Td ( )Tj -27.107 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women\222s work \223is no as important in itself.\224)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Not given appropriate rank at recruitment)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Scapegoating of women)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women seen as their own worst enemies)Tj 16.329 0 Td ( )Tj -25.329 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women judged much more rigorously than men)Tj 19.218 0 Td ( )Tj -28.218 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (d. ǿմý = Unwelcoming Community for Many)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 127.2 240 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 115.44 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Tough, isolating environment.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Not a place people want to stay.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Pervasive fear.)Tj ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 161 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 162 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (81)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (6. Structural/Organizational Issues)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. )Tj (Huge Inertia in system)Tj ( )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (system not )Tj (open to change.)Tj ( )Tj ET 176.4 679.2 108.96 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 667.44 Tm ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. )Tj (Unsupportive Administrators)Tj ( )Tj ET 177.12 651.6 140.4 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 639.84 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Collusion among administrators)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Lack of leadership)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Lack of accountability)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Lack of opportunity for redress)Tj 12.497 0 Td ( )Tj -21.497 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Information control by administration)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Silencing of dissenting voices)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Silencing )Tj (of unfavorable news)Tj ( )Tj T* (Lack of true commitment on part of administration to change )Tj 24.716 0 Td ( )Tj -21.716 -1.14 Td (women\222s positions.)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.16 Td (How little can we give, not what do they need)Tj 18.384 0 Td ( )Tj -18.384 -1.14 Td (Ignorance of issues)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. Resource Structure)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 486 106.08 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 198 474.24 Tm (Salary/benefit structure at ǿմý below national average.)Tj 23.353 0 Td ( )Tj -26.103 -1.16 Td (d.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Private )Tj (institutions tolerate more discriminatory behavior under the )Tj 0 -1.14 TD (guise of academic freedom)Tj ( )Tj -7.75 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (7. Dimensions of Inequality: Unfair/Unequal Access to/Allocation of )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (Resources)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Allocation of Work Load)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 389.52 136.08 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 198 377.52 Tm (Unfair allocating of teaching load)Tj 13.496 0 Td ( )Tj -19.496 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women given skut wo)Tj (rk to do.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Gendered nature of committee assignments \(men get power ones\))Tj 26.27 0 Td ( )Tj -32.27 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Informal advising responsibilities )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (advising overload for women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. Unequal access to resources)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 320.4 150 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 198 308.64 Tm (Library Resources)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Access to TAs)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\223Protected\224 time)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Access to Support staf)Tj 0.001 Tc -0.001 Tw 8.971 0 Td [(f)1(.)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.583 0 Td ( )Tj -18.555 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Travel money)Tj ( )Tj -7.5 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (They really cut up who\222s going to teach what. I found out that two )Tj 27.05 0 Td ( )Tj -34.55 -1.14 Td ( )Tj (of my colleagues were teaching summer school, instead of )Tj 32.91 0 Td ( )Tj -32.91 -1.16 Td ( )Tj (teaching in the fall. No one eve)Tj (n offered me the chance. )Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td (c. Unequal Salaries and compensation)Tj ( )Tj ET 165.12 196.32 186 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 108 184.32 Tm ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 1.5 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj -6.25 -1.16 Td ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (8. Work Family Issues)Tj /TT0 1 Tf (.)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Framing Work/Family Conflict as Individual Choice)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 141.12 267.36 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 198 129.12 Tm (Expectations that women will have a conventional family.)Tj 23.271 0 Td ( )Tj 9.84 0 0 9.84 90 115.44 Tm ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 3.659 0 Td ( )Tj 12 0 0 12 198 115.44 Tm (False choice between work and family)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (What)Tj ( )Tj [(are the constraints within which we make choices?)1( Are they )]TJ 26.934 0 Td ( )Tj -32.934 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td [(true choices?)1( No true choices. Choosing to act in favor of )]TJ 23.521 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 163 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 164 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (82)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (your family costs money.)Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td (Women have to make choices; men do not.)Tj 17.272 0 Td ( )Tj -26.272 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (No family policy )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (individual solutions)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b. Women with f)Tj 7.027 0 Td (amilies selected out, don\222t fit.)Tj ( )Tj ET 162 651.6 227.04 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 198 639.84 Tm (Visibility of family )Tj (-)Tj ( )Tj (Lack of Commitment.)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Motherhood is \223not being dedicated\224 )Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women with families are selected out)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Work/family conflict = gender discrimination.)Tj 18.532 0 Td ( )Tj -24.532 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Childbearing inevitably leads to decreased productiv)Tj 21.077 0 Td (ity )Tj (-)Tj (reflected )Tj ( )Tj -27.077 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (in salary inequities and in lower promotion and tenure rates )Tj 24.049 0 Td ( )Tj -33.049 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (for women)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women have larger home responsibilities than men)Tj 20.605 0 Td ( )Tj -20.605 -1.14 Td (Women are disproportionately single and/or childless)Tj 21.411 0 Td ( )Tj -30.411 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Family time = missed research time)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Pre)Tj (-)Tj (tenure women)Tj ( )Tj (with kids seen as \223risk takers\224)Tj ( )Tj 21 0 Td ( )Tj -30 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (\223Family men\224 also selected out.)Tj 12.802 0 Td ( )Tj -21.802 -1.14 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. Double standard: family positive for men, negative for women.)Tj 26.466 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 458.4 317.52 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 446.64 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Parenthood positive for male faculty, negative for women faculty.)Tj 26.382 0 Td ( )Tj -35.382 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Family policies seen as \223for women only\224)Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Men )Tj (given credit for \223putting children to bed\224)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (d. No recognition \(invisibility\) of constraints of personal/family li\ fe)Tj 27.385 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 389.52 328.56 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126 377.52 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of response for women\222s personal life: Problems of trailing )Tj 26.162 0 Td ( )Tj -32.162 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (spouses)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Family issues are not limited to childbearing and child)Tj 21.773 0 Td (-)Tj (rearing )Tj ( )Tj -27.773 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (years; it is a multigenerational issue)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Lack of geographic mobility as an explanation)Tj 18.605 0 Td ( )Tj -18.605 -1.14 Td (Re family life: Men help; women have responsibilities. )Tj 22.552 0 Td ( )Tj -31.552 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Men have wives, women don\222t)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Faculty members\222 personal relationships may suffer due to )Tj 23.772 0 Td ( )Tj -32.772 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (str)Tj (essful tenure process)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 6 -1.16 Td (e.)Tj /TT1 1 Tf ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf 1.5 0 Td (Need for resources, administrative support for managing work/family )Tj 28.077 0 Td ( )Tj ET 180 237.6 333.84 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 180 225.84 Tm (conflict)Tj (.)Tj ( )Tj ET 180 223.92 36.72 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 162 211.92 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women have less access to family)Tj (-)Tj (related resources \(e.g., money, )Tj ( )Tj -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (help with childrearing\), which impedes their career )Tj 20.714 0 Td ( )Tj -26.714 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (advancement)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Positive admin c)Tj (hange in recent past that helps families: improved )Tj 26.827 0 Td ( )Tj -32.827 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (health care benefits for families )Tj 13.412 0 Td ( )Tj -25.412 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Response to family exigencies positive when the chair is sensitive)Tj 26.411 0 Td ( )Tj -29.411 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Coordinating dual career marriages)Tj 14.133 0 Td ( )Tj -23.133 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td [(Informal culture re family issues often differs f)-1(rom fo)]TJ 21.496 0 Td (rmal policies)Tj ( )Tj -30.496 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 165 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 166 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (83)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (9. Outcomes)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -3 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. Women\222s feelings/experiences)Tj 13.495 0 Td ( )Tj ET 162 693.12 162 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 681.12 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Double bind: entitled to certain things, but lose if you ask.)Tj 23.274 0 Td ( )Tj -32.274 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Feelings of fence sitting.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Overworked, underpaid, unwelcome.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Outsider feelings.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women feel disconnected)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women la)Tj (ck sense of entitlement )Tj /C2_0 1 Tf <0002>Tj /TT0 1 Tf ( )Tj (they don\222t complain.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Demoralizing)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Marginalized)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Belittled)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Being silenced)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Isolated)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Feelings of responsibility)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (b)Tj (. Leaky Pipeline)Tj ( )Tj ET 168 513.6 81.36 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 501.84 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Slow promotion, women get stuck at associate rank.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Retention of junior women )Tj (is a problem.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Need for exist interviews.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women leave ǿմý )Tj (\226)Tj ( )Tj (both junior & senior women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Retention is poor, especially in engineering.)Tj 17.634 0 Td ( )Tj -26.634 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Fear! Women leave rather than confront.)Tj 16.576 0 Td ( )Tj -25.576 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Leaving preferred option rather than dealing with issues.)Tj 22.66 0 Td ( )Tj -31.66 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Diffi)Tj (culties of recruiting qualified women candidates into this )Tj 24.995 0 Td ( )Tj -33.995 -1.14 Td ( )Tj (system/climate.)Tj ( )Tj 0 -1.16 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Men have wives, women don\222t \(see Work)Tj (-)Tj (Family\))Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (c. )Tj (Dimensions of Gender Inequity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET 176.4 361.92 202.32 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 349.92 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women get heavier teaching load)Tj 13.438 0 Td ( )Tj -22.438 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women get)Tj ( )Tj (more, less powerful committee assignments)Tj 22.412 0 Td ( )Tj -31.412 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women have heavier advising responsibilities)Tj 18.439 0 Td ( )Tj -27.439 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women earn lower salaries)Tj 10.912 0 Td ( )Tj -19.912 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women get fewer benefits)Tj 10.58 0 Td ( )Tj -19.58 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women get less space)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women get fewer services from support staff)Tj 18.106 0 Td ( )Tj -27.106 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (Women have less access to TAs)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td (W)Tj (omen brought in at lower rank that their accomplishments )Tj 24.354 0 Td ( )Tj -33.354 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td ( )Tj 2.75 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (indicate.)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 0 -1.14 TD ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3.25 0 Td (d. We\222re not good role models for our students)Tj 18.996 0 Td ( )Tj -25.246 -1.16 Td ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 3 0 Td (10. Solutions)Tj ( )Tj /TT0 1 Tf -3 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (a. System levels solutions )Tj ([Include both proposed solutions and positive )Tj ( )Tj ET 162 154.8 130.08 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 162 143.04 Tm (changes that have already been made \(e)Tj 16.13 0 Td (.g., salary adjustments have been )Tj -16.13 -1.16 Td (made, some administrators are supportive\)].)Tj 17.606 0 Td ( )Tj -23.606 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Need for ombudsperson, ethics officer with teeth.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (See faculty as an investment.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Embrace pluralistic approaches.)Tj 12.8 0 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 167 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 168 0 obj <>stream BT /CS0 cs 0 0 0 scn /GS0 gs /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 744.72 Tm (Resource Equity at ǿմý)Tj ( )Tj ET q 510 741.84 12 13.92 re W n BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 510 744.72 Tm (84)Tj ( )Tj ET Q BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 708.72 Tm ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Tenure system needs to incorporate family trajectory.)Tj 21.41 0 Td ( )Tj -30.41 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Side deals replaced by open policies.)Tj 14.773 0 Td ( )Tj -23.773 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Need more senior women as mentors.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Need more senior women in administrative roles.)Tj 19.745 0 Td ( )Tj -19.745 -1.16 Td (Need to make active \(r/t passive\) effort tot get passed the )Tj 3 -1.14 Td (stereotype that maturity and authority are male )Tj 0 -1.16 TD (characteristics)Tj ( )Tj -12 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td [(Improved health care benefits for faculty with f)-1(amilies)]TJ 21.854 0 Td ( )Tj -30.854 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 6 -1.14 Td (b)Tj (. Individual Level Solutions )Tj ([Solutions that suggest that women need to )Tj ET 168 582.72 139.92 0.24 re f BT /TT0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 162 570.72 Tm (change])Tj ( )Tj -6 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women should become better at networking.)Tj 17.995 0 Td ( )Tj -26.995 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women should become better at self)Tj 14.634 0 Td (-)Tj (promotion.)Tj ( )Tj -23.634 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women should not in)Tj (ternalize criticism.)Tj ( )Tj 18 0 Td ( )Tj -27 -1.16 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women should become better at negotiating/bargaining.)Tj 22.493 0 Td ( )Tj -31.493 -1.14 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td ( )Tj 3 0 Td (Women should forge ties with other women.)Tj ( )Tj -9 -1.16 Td ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 169 0 obj <>stream HtV tW>o$Dz "gEIHi$b`LcBH KZDZQ%vLBsxTjy JQ$}/fu^_o̜XBGA3ݳXi0W>tG޴m·ǔ/R|Yx ’ghy6#1n?,2QZ}Z<9(abñJ ǀt/9{w܆[KPg+ft]hZ>oJo _C?!u@GtBgtAWG?v}wV575hҧ7bEͳٱ+eXDßpSQT`(yx =f#)Jf+`1˛ -!جB|QjRS{cUX&Ov|NVAα/i:Ww\ժi30&4jDRb {q#HPR=vjMz~h4 sG((Lz1%<D:-崂P]y ˪J}FZ?@ЯRWk1Fo 9Y‰؃b#4 .m 4**tgp"ETwL ҪE}^ uep[0D ry"C ":"%l~F9%>@ԝEI3h9(Ct=wJ^*V j:\Do4TnalEsXˮWwX\629k&cݨ1UՒܷ;"%s%LX8+fa'v04e\I|jO6+|4rydut8@WE~G۲?(NQ q6pky{x?.Q>:TgDJRVjڤYՠǂ&1 l]izi^ rc*0՘vNnM$sc!RU?k¸-ԓ'>]ܸp<7\)VR'"+З7(aIg, K9%#:˰vATԑE2*X'PPZ^S77$P&r/a[ >-񼌹dH:L",5?LK jr.\BI"hW!nS8rL^:+/F٤Ak*h}Bi126yaUc Z _|% nVOGr/h28J$[U.m%M w`7=V\gx$a|tq8"46[h*32}1"We\ qJQpE[ȩ!JR#D2rZlEd%π-k^(gG[B-mSS) 3#mmu/ x6q3N}]wCα1qXAHïS:hU Z.hH+ݪu]`'LSS֭4mbƤd{}}{%79KgZr#4vő~>ϠYr iG ~yNx?grֻEsb;k%M̥Y\7B[)ojtbN6YGC;KuudcT%;KIq~Ec>M4Gr4GDerbpIWJ gR8" P>i36kaIc4;:09Q pgQb 0AX9U56vB"auMcy.9̈Aж>ND!ddu8l+"EZTM稬~v34Kӳ;^:s9[pdj]9\?ԃe}Sg>K.ƶg o[-R9wg)O=K 2g RB@j($X1ٍ6]!I|1}>mqXX^NÂMAgn]X놲Dֳzxf/O 0>h85uO&BF>ᡧvM2p7Ja3!n 7#+JSŚlzH !F>x̃|r 3O4k& MhN43D4佫x3P~]8v_*X-Z("ZƎqZKDy\%N4[Q{h[~w( k2'25&c2y1ѱ|zGcI1h\adkLF|A{KK6Xk%Q"[ɳ%r||$d&fYj.K%( )/ߗ?~'}D~r3̭LQ壂)NbB8I C$)OͲT/vl<xqDYIpzX`ˈx^\#S2"*&W\8=Hĸ<9%k>L^y dHТ kL"Q878OoSnUU:Tuqyk\@T-q:N2ޫ"vgV3II&IVL&2>i zjk[RemqjaDqXdZtu_-0 fU=% /969L7 e~᳷8xwxLŽb [- czw!5MQNG'Dzr1+g7;^Yu+eqb*{5Mhk 47jvdğ0v44dymGy'zbƶ_1?0x nU=f 3TpYӌ2Gp$ #-k[-KiY) *&PoC&zha":{_zJM_ =9W_{sw/ʲQx:~5]5L"=>?:&-UlP9$`?׳˲T#eVOѧ0,Sp;5pGS4F5r#vF*Qk .95|3Xk&hvViWOla2ۆZ*U` . G]FqI482ָu],H̸8ou+vc9zwV{|IܻGs%p3]tOӱx18g7k{7u'D=jW4߸zu{>6&}M7M FS~f'[4I}{ΏN gmUPDbOBIJ͂sN8P0bz(/GT”'"ؔXZ5JE_koȾ!<_\lZcD5յSp*c:PJcԷVJ}bY(g_5)%_F P0{kAF흝SՙhFyB U >^ѕ4eTxT H1ABʅ,\ 'JBPP>=t"7Uyｋپ;>v 2BNe *`[APAmkM4`BC-cT>R~ Ri^ŗy~)!1g~:T{ŵ8"Z>'uqb#6zeƚ#Sr]m7KhMR55hb0.FhO}^Qp"c_V4>\/~1 _U)19}MTD+)bYB}-b6%n?a'ɗ5ujS!QMQQD̄, eD@/6D@E@?< }AO䷝Zdwݓ"N!m}7pb$ SrM 9ZTå[jBorμo))bFBkzŠ ; V]Ļ"I-+uѧ\[G2;?$7|a.ܑx !1͑Wvsr< GFI>Η0PPyJֳŧ묽W'-rӚPaCr6I!G: !go C-իG@Du1TpǼk]X+?PQZmՐ6=~{np]B?8d6D?EJ 4%GPEw0hKӌ&IBGS " 1GGiNр: hq9/Ҧ,c3*Vs}.&"J:jeόlѦ(Ӧ C-SԤ15X̃EQAQkj=ZTɗ(ӘtgՄu^1i2mַǼw3iݰ:8(Nj~tQ3,'JaL ÌvʧPbor 6/GC `>$>t ] 8J6[گtҎz<+#dh5[IYb y$Ph>ѯFQֻn!,DBӽ4d3aT4Mqiz' UzݝL$lm-R92=d*'E%]&)YzVTfO% 4. 5 5JJx9Vd]1- 0L$@ g_hPx̗sL-#I>Ņ4 BAc Փ(z%r $2S.LGKV<᨞痘\mrg| F"^'2h&: IPT*ϝ}b/ĥVbtVfRݒ;jFO.h٦(Τ'&;lz rlܹY\Zɮn6\VY^qʾ)U\ֹ>>ݖ&moˮ]?s`?$8GoCt~L;$cs+fء.t.`;fӥ5SiJ2Ԑ/q-QH#n{P h>#0cl¥=rl ij<qL'O 1p]\͈,r9 f[1l5b 1B 7PыmkApI~FfMN 1I'!lp$pǔtUߪ$b[=32`lg7/jsgfg3sv}zϝc086uФ8 P*.)I1H Q@@JTBEmPb"YG=w֦͏j;3wvV;9$ncx{`>^lz{cpg?rv(xw,T8Ց9%=[܊m%]f?0T ^#:05 d,~z{ ]܁8mʙm*)1d"l)DŒdL&NAp:6#783Φt6#cuqւSstRvP_S+3]p0e=*Y=jb[9AM߶Ԩ:h ȥnvӪker.1545;N<X}aF)1s3uo1?5nG'_w?诚iD8 L‡u P!fy ]YՄoNKLa![Ғ5 |$b5ZUSU$mʎߏvNN ?Q&G%[(F$+2U*Jes9 @ +$Md5LvwH5Ј&eR?)B. |Aȇ|xv`0A#\Ca))YEA0d1#>LQDSZ7;'1ahl#$_Wh7{n&8 :4L7uc7vT'v_sV7!q&3/ekISlPdԪkwIB$Mn' Z9w*_n(665T"#i%QDQf߿ ^6_rY9-vZD$E_ʯ8xLv R?3ѫ71}bJ*W.t8m {4rD#RRtKmTW(y$z(u<*]N%Oi=::mCwn=@=d|c7S{Z,ܚLQ,q[/@yUm$. Se63O2^ sɼ_NJ+ `[BA\5 $0ar8 "H̛*0xcPv9 5WH}9=OJ_[K]pS|盐P<8ha$| i/5w-x`ej&8-nleb3TĪY\DX[Y]^ھ67$jJʯ!'*zaԒjO$ OȲkY\Chr:Wąւhk E)% .ܔMwǶq{.9s靿NIwmKHFX~SvvcN]@ӨXH16&IV)&CB{I{~ Nj9Vne(`u!kEa<.e,ga#2:-Zjcg[ xր]5 $}C8#*Mag-OPzC3w /bit |vzxGy%561^ n]ԃ Qڃ;/>qjv[>+E;^&rg7} ={hqټ Ӊ鷦 gX;J Gq۝Tdb.]rr`M=`/㍐1)3c8Fcv3"oWFѱoj`d Bj2]f29A7Y6aA.KZy[ry;ye{ɮÍ/Ӂkﯡq@#BÕKm0'u F6Ca8-%S;R("z^Ց!blО!Tufv쑇ݍ?\x<+ޱO, f*ܿƫӅ=:J,G '[W G03, ]Ro9tUtË́_(RpٙL9 ֞IVFAH΄XpcفoYK.@P%)0)#rz/IcWvFYb\7W~['t&ꐰWG%^ ߭z6`2Zs gWWgUm- &#)28,p}+R]*:1[3}T)~26Ƶ傲Y4Z7۪=.8477#BPf6}ӳڧCBv\_X{6_i`Dƈr|қ6}?xX;e_)gNgfjP:cR&;eQ?`iB!;S&lX܅\gq .ӯݓ gv<| ͌-^wD34;ث#z Vqrg2*;jy+Y>.:rŰB*ܥϮ75^Չ͇#<=%Q|JC@c 岕YEKgk }FѴ$9Ac ,}\2'd C_K29vk4Ax&pb%$ꢸЫo+0b,cDݕn&A7$I^ |Ep#^Ò0aj5\X8m_igCp1tsбec?, t. |\3t'>vՑٖʈB`x4|zgymKTmx x(."рP%SIjzbǥ7LN<ݣt2|w˃Y1u?&/&bDmχ<6#gܙߘ6w+M;ƖyJ6C9^wBuifcnU-^XݡFFjE$x*]|L-Xyb}d`L_Z!F 3߆4rnsd4ݭi:Yk;GWj/i[i"hOhe + `CQT` nB*Jj8]|3 2$`9 e*,; eEv*(ٜ&iz^ݭ[r^rp#Qpʜ)1-8la:qNU6[U,܂8~ήV˫jWvm- ɲ$[5`YFR%h t 6)mBM@&q CfB/d&eB'./L< zvWh=ks`}H4٤Wׯ9f%#ٵ8xRez(J:)ANb`5!y}L/{}}m4XGAV=Q6+Ej+h ^ɀ(@[] J0+.ES.UwkT mj;3m*+>Ս%dϰʰ&ݰҕp>n YXڵ77QXk0Jҟx> Ue `AUэX׶3P3gû {/᣹LoN-^0~Tz*3;qj˵̵.sg7w`OE'1'+]g +CܞrA`l3̷ Dcmm{#A VJpVk6 @/X_f38 Gk7{jX},'JSEL,ak3p*32۲Jκ,Nf-Ѕ&U,P! 2\A/)SF6DGy, t),/M>|8[4#-@ȡ" 姶yzx"əc* bJ軸Z#bǐFcJj5 u5u+Xk]n%qP-i^dD\YRɚG2zV/Rۼ:-I2鸛7zCMCK;߼Pg7}%u? 1K'zKeظmYwDp-Z<&~۷,c2/wNx v5?Ztv gNUI9)x\eH+V'j~] F]i~-\⣺Q( f ᆾ?ʛooH݈ʻ- C [ oB\8b #FO^9kvrNDnsB؅ՇʐQƅ+VK`XH0,cp`pgvfa$F +5 # {[y!>tk{lf62K|a vR>='kpHNiHfY2Xl-ҁ? ^h2_x۹5Z/#`^p-k8L]Ў9FC',g)"e0+-yfM05h!H֫'*ګ[K" k@ @Bπ< 8\Ix8 ''/Ws7,Z1r~RbR+C΍uSc_a'8u xiES]nORa32LnҶXaZajn42f/W7aM=`؄@#q Y:f1,$SzF8%#L@0qʲNԣjX69<$!ZT2H6>5%8"<$SJ,x\TuhO<`ibi,մ$ŞQ#U*!JsiX 'p ¾|{>VDJ?@ (9`o"ͩB`Akŕzad_+D,v#ZMlߞoi#>~o[9m+WvӴ÷ X."ҝyOz 萖hkCFW֑ybyYVw=>_0AgʌY;/LwRJ0:0y^mf?Ԓ;LuZ6ʫTUO1kxZ1F阼o%v-=UТ*E_O_Zh ?jzZJyܯF]50y4<2洝`U#WYEӂRhaԄhۈ\uByYV;Au'zJ>*3Ύ|<ڵJv;wϐtg?'l.pTȗ9l& Ca'3nF~.#u4rN*؝a'v&- 4)ۅ? Dp{%T+ KT'Q~ؘؘ%sSk92۞r.Ss$G PWV(…&fZ*ͿUa\'{Sh zRܥ-i TC -`)J}`M|.eK鑜YgMdۻ65 ̢j ^g/ KmŞo~ЏGdluB/+P\ږbT/ :ڪ |3.R$jg؃/Mt] XW[V[&7?4Z^E6  1Usle4mdŗ H<ű-]nUɲW Y{vϺ.[u$FG"a \5M XhK޲X̪_.ȼSG#ǡ2CuC"DHx!1V^RNw_ a9SFڦ666:ۍsWͻa6^uPD FkE]$RDͿF6PlC9j<5`LH߼ė8]""9,+7 _xZ;\gˆ,8U_{Ji.aV^1]fDF*(|~2{Ο˰Νevy|h~{t068!2e *4Wp q=>_56 ;w~ ^/6^x̂{gה,cPe4G -NFYkRJRUFQs G*u|s=s=wBC !o =݂6;g[Rcӂk{Qţ%٥cYoj~@`U}5;/ylSQCI8u4xpÞ|(\r`Nlu8x}`k-o36EOm?ȷEWlGN|; 4۱od/|!~ IXy臃3ͰưY;a-4e {]:!~h (&ʛ(JAMbAZڍVct&PPnEP$:+M"`HԈݝo,o5Mh}f 4ҍ-h)p ^ױtnhgez`J!҇2.g(Q(s{kt%o`knb#U g% ϐҮڣ=8c$ ЗI%P4e 3" u.aÅv0Ǯ2ޜ:Y(JSIPd?Jw=op%f*[ ׹e>L+-F9vFcN =Zumجp\Aj>5BuUV ^fRoJƁ+!A|[I.шmu,{-T }9ig'pI;l br 6zCש<|*4U'M:/ wX[PM~\dqp- Mms"P4ŕr}5㊻LWkUsn{]vn[rk+wz88\;D#q-E%x 4.6-qev-nm&[ nW_RaU&7n-C'k,JGqt Ӊ,x.xV=ǗOWk}'>0dMX:odkqk@?ҋ 镎$pCAn#9Z ;%hr4HS8p9`9Nmyӓ,3͘8FaRp&9"8w?)][U JCRB 2]߀z̹GcsϹϣ[]#62M}CnNO <]b]>stream H\Aj0 E>3!ʦh8(")ոA93<WvNTmnIim8w4F4E\2opzq7ȁ&8}^3~Mg -xeЫMovFt^0-!׿a\$-MJEUH~P,w-nSSʭ̒#ǚRL ~ԏo endstream endobj 171 0 obj <>stream Hj0 endstream endobj 172 0 obj <>stream H{tTGǿsޛHB6KP\Qqh5_Z\'z*.8b0(R[mzufaF! sv)ӆS5 G+p6O4)dYVUmBbMPjR3 %" zKU*QdM&'Yha, BBd/q#Q \AuJSg[V!NCMw&_&V:ez󤩼`z) {%1%P .N .N "#4#y:<6Caa'k,A(yH]8 s(Znnq! fQUWP]ct_O2j>Wz eT־.s=,I6\X6;{l8RO;}lXnnn2mv}SB+AfQhV'6ۇOԿJKMKzyW^ton]W>iUܱ*rWo;h<7[-f;cypn46}gW,8t3ONv,T HxGvGhq,ɱ6g]HTIm!9q[>%nb/ۮ)y3L[$ElGALElsQE(D)_b,/!9VrlRcТHl'omu5}* w=oe%/wi_;(#w[?ɷɷ?7?gߑ%C82R%*~V_J~%f/N99,%瑳"K,~4k~z3 9N~FNL. /䤎?JO?yT\џ=!| &Ǔȱr{y'M sCOYd&& L"3FFe |C @Wa|k96 }Խ2FZ>MOϱ};ɉ,՛E93=ѳXɮFӱչ$λ'2L$03 >stream HUyxT{ߛ šdG"da !LBЄ̐ IWYT"b _h@"P*ԲjA"WhA |s=3pb1$2}Uӎ8 ҢYUBC l'U7Ԓ)s&-6 뼲77m?} YY1LB50:?8#` 'l4`_TS vg QhBkA c?ӅG;86k~EX.?[9[0#Q54̜q,Co TTb\kn0va//9+*6"mhe1s騑2K̻l/ r@GD2K|Ry1AI[g \7R7aW>a'z|ۼٟz#2xIp'iCQ:45Sk1l#2,ǔsrbE2+gDgQ!\)|;Q~_d'QnSv)l킗HH"^"SfR,1A.ȍN^?r.ܡԇWTJi%BNu1PϋTNA 2uz x43\<%lž@#1\R)"4rǰ[TK;+ C7am[t`t(6F2FvɲLZ)3앗Ҩ4Z}SUwlN0~ V⸦>ɜj)99v.J Ƒ@iHH5=dn:Qn">dsS #~1MDLܕv.dk$/Y- yR]^ P+D%YLPf*[k5uzB氕Veeϰφy:?^O{VP)qyeJJ,zQm/pR9ě/si(dѽI.ҕqC9ľbɳmNZ(nڜC}Y',O༼Hve+8(nr$Wa%C-[nn9`{aӻFSWgGoy7¯X)ZwUtVڒlϢL TdRGj+He8hT 72WS)XiQ 3TI AmLS]]e}r(s˕3b w׸O(\AeƟ.v b?JH?|5&S H~Ҝk5֡硒GmSsDc8'FNX|˰7P>( 0Wv&5 G#8\ԙ9h-)G׌l]Oc _jƍׇnybK5șUxY\]#K;RSPg41#F !"ӯN ,2\zLjӳ- # jhn5fL P1-JCƔlw)=y2OLթiII ï3LԲޗ#4P;DfCd<1>&gbr ճRtEFGP^Sі::u_h0 ,2abُ?p%0Lsp<␭ Ȏ7IO~П#xFkqI+MFY)ϕ7]^z@7|E8$Y-&kJ*]]9qv I6 Dڑ"H"2ɨI0O4٢(] "KRz.k=ϋ],ճyײ⳦,,».ܬ(׌3<#h]Pb:(-5xVh3 ]Q3XHapzAMypvw,}Omݏ~i~/Qͫ um뽦Dʇ7uUeNφuGjh\&iz&?zu~ӓO`~/0JAնu˂5Y*vmK=8[уOW-nW7 [?jg.~TYъknEA@cV$ ~5OhKb#3*-? ӚM4)oAw0Jo.`^Z(: s s04՘5 X Znj.P/- W}O?s'n$}havNl6C@ٲR6t(>Ǐ X@EIyD1]m xn]TsaA <D'*# d5 tiߤy&WV%>C+2q~x-ד8:ܴ?(c*[UuUf$(9zD^7X'U,2īA!jku,aPY!6*bGꌩ7E ((Imb9O܄< RhXʅB⎱fQȉ.z苍5B+=%o'z$qfBf,uT $չ`!W 4-6h)Z3:"uU5ʙb\MC!45:xJ+i6d Hodz?=Z>Vy]ۮߔ!gqXxywq ?խ0:L_c< /0(v٬|oI`oIQ+_4$v:[T:c@֘4I#m=Jȴ]\Uy;~P\Ty0kN_ӛWaMSDF롥]anl`C=T)ťwcģ=o2\ SKF%9xQhPa:#'lO禾P9> ~aMaD#ɄKu zCz&Ή`6Aj dEk+i ;O/:+K .|Gatљ ~sdq|7}_J5㊉j!Nv5_}Y\S?\TK.Ɋ[hdgg34 ¡p,>zt P鱆!zܜz^p\ZWU`lj̦e?6'J`㣷?L{]mVUM\Y-߽t4ee±:\X&Aj)h `E+lJ< `yͬ:Bc -A̔1<6oJ 7-!RH 4Fͧ l'uBiY9^KeυٺeV Xa7UP79ybs! 3=ƋdЍ:7nusn)cS:ѡ})a:s"Ma:'ubϞa4WӍHvQ1mrk<$蓿>.WSwoM{->]dY; kgHZ9ژ)js ,}ިb_%Ng~\_ͯ_^'))3QJCO*94Y*v&Ɋ"2N1 { Ny:Xa3 a![7\n8E-[wBөT5jN(:h*1Lg UQl6A``NөiHy<>u DA$Ux<+{xH%}ޚ~6>o1cҪ4m67蚧7opjO\*zZO_ (|4H>9`)aCh̘I'GD7 nOX ; '2bx+ƿJg!;<S-'SX=9M/_*ߗuoQ]0ɟV?ڍRMPr_!Jx&'ԫ^G%5ZY(/+YMgQ!*g6V|E­^Lє,jK_6FrBbJH>ewadaBBʍ _kN*(TVH֓V0# .1b 7yķ煦hxN| =jqsjI(2FVFD2)ߖYY$- .uU"c٢(petQX`gE"d,"3([^XAH!6|"oToYȟY[]nO^Xe [͝WM.[~eMܴŬCF͛ש6O)gq¯Y? 3pɒ/oo)7h2\4[߿hø1j_-)8vPeűJ/'|eP r1s噌 wo{/)$%YX![|g++3nynyȺx|R*+W˜A~(dFX&9-Ũàm"B '<иFC%<C|c ״w06-4Y^BSNL=w vuA.2fWC*+j~xC*^R)<0C/.U&C}~΁e*["YU%R䃴I"fM Y<-i' 4UZ'ٺD-n`X9wRY 1_,EdR0h' Rz2G?L=$ r3a}!G4* g2Lgg2ů.XqZie2dNVJ֑A.dYyӨ2aL}}tPZDM‹z]8Cjiq'1þ[q8WRmুNyqVsY߹+sv,՘IpfAEjP;IR\2W3\Wql~ݝߝwgblj'{f5Gi((T PV .-NRuK:6Du ! "L]iVԱB{@*}}^{ZX+u5vG,?+ }l_w?\sTuaqW.Lѧ;s}Ш7 bO+1|3`L)JZQe$MM˳:n z@P+ȘcŨjɬ,NXOVq+*8K-faXS+CEeB! ETJyqVJ acIGfLbZ{ɤ˙RrlDŧz:q+kZW|ŷ q woe[_5oAP@-XJmC/1cۺ/W|DX=lOFLa!e(#D#n Q؇Yr9;V/g{x&O j*qP^ |۰E1@XEEhj 7Џ##,r t69cmZ2Ud8$%8Sv)ɦUQM@֘3 k7}yUųg-}thHޮ ٦'?Q::`#w[Oh~4NkI{h˴$R*tEVk?5+zmLo80"]pUz}i6Q;!ݤ5%>x|755S;UW*WY#VB $fH7ʣlÛ%bXN8̨ɢ.6]p] \\.kYs ( 2Skzw<>1d\4& 7t1Fak_3b m6#JoN0yK5O#n|x4ffk1 :n@Vkι5&44Iֽ͚yǞoyv~Ow^vhe59kuùxw|hۯigO}pڍxWE4~͊,p{$5bxL'7u}߲E ##&)f'(Sx Zmeb(\-@Bm eFcϥ* a\t~#lt~g!`'9_=Ts F5.s9K = 8-n93PcbCAs;Xv䀒 bډ8)D [Q[_o-Kپ95ۗ}{(\=EkZh4O/TA4N7n{%:A8AF$UV"I8H~'129!G?B Y&]dv\#|Q3bLJ1*tng{uP[6^W;3,GV;x-+9EV{r[+'hFez2Xl{z|3ٍT!(Y#,e! ֠/$""(䯨+-y_rPr˳iޢ6yFw7yXO UUE"ȲBNϗTd[Qdڒаć-%YcJÆG%°},QӁmK DB" #8❌\x@<_gbXsaMsʛ휳a(`D~XM_Hq" H]mVT.vae|9B8_(;"y"?[. rag~ 7ڠ؍ٮ&+wJZV^)[@1m `d6APRJJBۦC\ZLm x%e&ʄ m&CMP`<)Ar9@zֻgW^w|}#VB띍':k_>燓rnePH=!Qb %oɻ!;pnc }? r=@^;ƣ@`f|=ĴvjՈrC0-[)į._3s41s yQ&oCUu\Vë"f.#RsDt[=%"  mmPE4t"ؤyTvګVUN5>96r r.Akc}L) o {)j >{.L1lU&\2;t_M ~{7\i, TYWuKd׳~;gߡ7)WIQ3Yş/P&"ɜ@i"hB"3o۬քnPFw2_M)ۓrڝVT;[PZۛMOO Zj~VE%ӱqXǢS\xzkz XP1P鬬U&NU]Ѯ/_K;vOU'^WWutRUtb-bP c X1оpgV%+ W8qr8{Јh !--Vj5S i/h^X$GAPT0\&ae2D="* ;\ B&klg5` #+,HYL3@ l'@ ;''wOa8O,8X9íI$ٝ|%ٟII3CgbD"2Ct83e__ބ~o{hCsM qok-2hږcUU]f YB܆44¹"5& 7b>ں/1hx;׮=rOW~ 3a/&[W!;"dYaS(:bU+(x)q8g;f/8[^| tg`K{#ZYCY5JJQֱbrilc1LF̷w?W_ SfP9|樈X1=*`RQJN)VUH>Žc b2!s/ DQX,leL)nT N4:h0k*=1`H}HQ%u,tt@,Wy¨d\~NM~T\=s(p=;N.8ŽnZ*A"oxy&K1ﾬ`XUjW544R) $ YS 4a*{ap}Fuƶ\0~&/awM}oPMolĸ "Grؿ9f%|^UwFDWH7Ts9'f9+qe#[12_UYv; UhT=ӝbXe{ggD/1e6 FCFl4guqMo32^t0}x|5mmH[?n~q_PFe._C {4&RU J|9xM(LT/"Wr(.ui>|ëEs#j=&=sMzSe4ɎV$)QGwHElxux1"x." Z_ckNo+ʶ6C%#K=ɔlzm9BJr?ak7+ *ޔ:'Ku6rȭw{~9ECz~xlX96`V8e3'?^k~0ljA]ᖢ]h%Oѭ(LH3QuQ D2=A'P>25>SZ~nR;W$zYSf>Y_Zyaˌ_W4 לIOR=R fZտCi Fi!꿮&)/4Wtgép1 D@-('k2Gn?o{#'O~qpОuxM:!v~@hNE~9Byn)Sd?| LpcP0 wD2oLP =e`(-Lp^/6([ij'4k: Ͷ )N]4 7XmRQEZ9JD RAE;(lJT\88@ɼݤT߼ٷ3XYzl Ke.K Fi#[A>[q_k@%*EWzTj]a g( w:@@S@1])xUJBC|F4k>0%j&Bzw?Տ?-5aoCeNAy(QZ(mHėE|%r(mb:Q$rٟbbxMj )a"jĈ,y-cV\ʐn|#wu*.t>I C iF|VLsFz]˿xW'iH&#Q;YlnkkZն_dug BC -wV%WA tS[ mU}uT Gssfv+`ZN=cͪ N8C4qyX)15yP>,'dM=~K(EQڔ")D6Mm rDmp.{>`Id,`X:s2ž3dXE6,WnMa1yrV&}*k=:]kmD䢹owfxϔc5Yf_l6 mO&uE|diY#)zL6ӱS`*j4,UQfGW.F: gf.r}dEpw6YJi\b#kfK E{et|(XK;c 8l5ŝQ>Ն᳦b,"ų湮ð}י]莼7"6YmnlDz:ʸH⮰6ѳ}͝1<-zj<^n8Wb慢S#b˝.e3؉m[{{m=GxNr[(>ş*Dkı,nMI*kLp/?v xu¯y[j~ɏE^Klld'`; Pw endstream endobj 174 0 obj <>stream HVktT9΄ <$@y $E0bfH"R!5@FTPZUyI@ ""j *Z,~3?s<ٯo}٥/Q\ᯬ4k4) ԔpL|ںj:G~Qf60&_rrå @</5­t/s}},WL37ϩv>9x3_Qz\"}vYUN"xʇK)퇜{E%Ӄ4h2V.GKRBkA$ڢڣ:;qDqDs ] oEw@O{nE"U nnq i}711a ~&S˶vKhC@9(wς<zm\oc3K/`\I(btXWѸ˥} b$aps3XlZg#ϟ|fK{Qs,:=wK'q,amr"\MYe3!X&1j1 ](.\\\qd%*PnV/N 3Y̻29(upULg-IcV%ǪԱQg&˒,EfvH;Ocyyx JЄ-=$pXFkuЕJo/ FiFs8-(a% #61|5R߁=Uޅ,E%sxuKfK-quqBDѢb#~.)aN7 TUANY)|Io;!Y|2.>PBJxXD"S+bA Tz/ꌡhC;܅~ƖCZJ:H`:baݾd 64}A{{Zjz$'%ګgB8-ݺvթcFi*ex02Z 9E;6 ޑ#Sk6lrn=E!2͔(3E)t${.8B1мqqɎ.yl)d9eE>kh* OIFCxKN[rfGy+$j&**{pBX+*ez}v=%vl_縸d[Slx36I!dخ,)Z'< MGbJQRD_gk~PF$QsD{In<볣=e}}nwi\OzPb:qxEy,HOВU+UqwN',Y'>'-$%Ɏvq-അ|$-gD1(4qq2&Ld9-@ m(IGO&eaR;h$}jwZE!DYZk(}jƓ7VhUl_;"^%_Y̳I5 ' :u>7,X+U$m"ɯN?lc bekR+BN"Dj}Nr2Td!@??:e˔րO3*_ܵ'FNṄփmۃn0ݮ8`LBD{fyu" FIXLk27)y|V-<2:Yk+ Y}FysP ٶe7/F6*̍Hj!(,<0m(]?F mQ R`.ʅgiPo91Ie=62Z\?_/ -#"]$HN"H{,! 'd86Q|QP ˌ6Fte 鵴c42p6vr3ti&`=R챛B njA@O*kpʁ Ш6/8mIͶfe2ye\My6R6ˎ-[Jn%YeE|ǁ[C.|Dž][LB@ 1-!c-5LhvPLh}kk;W NM;ĜVUo3XI/;,Ki[^V q)}7(s;Z qog̶(]/.((?bR41q㉉?~Uqs!r>մʳ})ڽݾ<7C©fD e69*&[֔\flQno4ErslbnQZy#[=I)Z,n kQ0qyan^"JL_ /9X\[FZ޻V_ށ71v?:J]}SUwMőP:ꑛI7xCuRSaXX|" khM96f>ѣPbf:%n\3CXtrvWJHfFZt^xspkkw,)/#7W|r9I T$ Rv)w.qj'SCKL2fIQII*/#T%-3CKڍ+s{Սͣ_sm| ./idF!WKbCI| Ӭ`1ip:O Ex |GL(> l_r/"| j.-/*W~UY{1\Qah^xvom'07v ?ؤ dnd` d(ES5xZPʝU)܇yyJ#@*2 kovvr&9E) DIK#*&8`ׁ@fS͐ZH&| &T$!:"5p92k5-Akk^mU z e_"{^7l!dǒRa,{Hg3M$gBۧhL[3>M>zw8ܥ4%@Q(K,fN 997+2f΢fs8Hɍ}D~tVtL~nCbUe\yp& 6`Q`V:=9?6&!ɨAt-QyxY7jPBtvі{ |Cz0ipmϕuE{+]iW+Ze'j3& 1`]F !LOb 3ӦN6SFI i擘t d(vԝ ^JvI;ՌO+s9!xqHns3aǰsV+<%Οo:1s<]pT8+\l#˙9̝^֊7;ݻѻݻ{zպm)^"pJ`2PGFh;L0gKL֎I!=9 [v,q!Ji*6@-HlͭH;1X}vB9 +Q,h&&n Bfwȼ꺓 Ӌމeee9|%ҒIgd%-EG40W+VN̞ronUrw3ʃcg.^Ź\~'UJ+)Ĩ^OcmWל݆߰JF8U}p̅y,5miKS0~'23[X2Ϸպ+_0)–v*w>9 Wپismju3u7NkZ>vJ zp9\ΥE܋MN7cm<_GӼq:^Mq2 p4O6"8C,#40FlT a]e mcY\V3yh[vxdv"jBKCX,Wŝq J EbQJELl_Uܻ/.r(&`R`L&}Ac\)η;W(Yb F@*[y[t5z!$|[}ƠU"c6|&8Vhmm#D'BBX_b-q8˩83`l02BTL8&ۤJ[@RmKAp"0H )j\Qs%UC+bew65C>jڲczu› tioO(+}? \󁋩(g56la{AsxR/H| S"Z}aئ?.4;; a@Yx?'~0,da0a 8|X+G,VMaDre;VgXɎEcDI-0IPjE m 7mQF5=P]rW^K/JY=YO(ǻyכ-wmւ~R1tXl4LeJfysG>SD)lL! {LYi1L)Lxw$ U=k6+h䕢#$oRwGN0 3.$N.CB( bs&/xF\4z[C/g!Dss;^G+֓[8:vH;lt'ԱA]gSꭇ  V6$ vGZkΚ_+̓H-V>  @5$5GD}:3CդG(D=ƕ//}75lS/g W7ׯ\AkhXY9=k5ԄǟX-Wn٭':YJc0[VV^VuT-~9dzU5駦;:Jʎxp}ڊ(==2ߚ~B+_bd;h P9cuF&ZQl?,1‚ EZk(b>m^RB2ʻ7#xҞUucY{OSkTgMS%G#>L3k+[n-~'Dr'ѫ,zR?SCm:u%3u*Cslٴ%vk1x~2_e_';[`w&P;`J_!Іbb+d' EHb^cx\|+^}4 gZ{ǽ31yYל8LEZ^Ee J:'~oq:>;c>FǠ~..Ys+^5AcJGQ==:G÷'uY9{lx9mS)&4N0Ræ&Xf F('&ɧHQ( 9&X&u^Qi:{SɤѸmE q{Qs|qXJ3h~/K|K%ͦ&ju!]|Tz/{KaX'2U/ɽg;|KUN֝ʂԡ"0H^f %S=&f)yޅE _r!<*JC".K"oni(+:7ߝxc]L`\|즎TU6U1cR@n+UCRPRUJ*ҒB2TBN7kQY{;Oy{90" S3Yk:.9i: Zy#$ \-THjZIP.ԓxucU%IH6VJ*! QW<5TK*lwg'6ҫ(g bӉl@ΏɹV>%&PIJrcxUXБ~iGNRhHVvEґ B=pJ)*FF΂DT1qfQ~(p 6xîtMSSS  a].ڃdDXRJ&1$צ]]Gbڥ.HZO/TAT */?K?|/I~.]FAz*ik78ٶli$xaϒ2 x ݕ  b>p6"ë?&ɳ(/sbA[ݻnzF1< |/+*vtpY+}_N$ݤvҝjݽ *q>wēI|ʈ 9V]V(jEѮ@TEQ#{CN0Evwif;!c5x()a+m8e Ȱ?4<*TgTj(Չ~mpʥc.[I(rשu`~7~Ł9qv+Kt yBjv8ە:1vr?ǟ-ڟ#j8gJd?>00v~Wd a_7[n\ 楃;?M\Τ fZM3% JqܸY\MZMi>`/JHE9@r^W: 5$W:F^\ܠo2>#1#JS7;z5ѳܪ>-bep|=|$<$DAjYdb37=j=YA-\e}I'/r=ًî37Ifd'הaKE3xqb{~waFiԿKg}kuœׄϡv9kސxh_!' 69r;gsFSW+Zu9hw7Suc?d 'ǗM-fno5?b,mf|Y%jZ/0[&sN>qEMfHi8&%Ѻ M\XHA|/-B±dP jD:E7+\fHȟ%oMPjh #{8d`r յuUZeoqFVrWۥtqG$ɄYzrSWvs]e}: KWaM+N?ꧤo~1c̄ q/X@"BP"UFg_}*MUT,*1,UmD#|k+c@d8"DX(4C׶d`=byrϋ? ?Bv4sRw ꓓ+`"ҏp<:m\#h >ԋ%;RsXHn툄85Q[(,/e}|>j3L1NR m)o!AC4ZY'VBDV]u@* MkP b+?JĶnveECZKΞߝT{sy.qo]gAdGn@!eoa ÔlK[><~!Xsˈmq⟨ͶV/=W9MOc:1^ilJ0(6Z@Btx.~dzcGnyVW!%B'xtKYD6$o"}_]p,'YQ!rĒ~7b9&S((֡"?*]Vn {tZr]C!irdJCFLb3RBͼ~ `ÑY&]+Ej[cVzptLD8O, M6n;)sרX~o'eR)b ;)*#Rzs0ibbL,6 g g/Ъ$3K 1⑦kNN`mN?Q'(XU#s8$_Kvnu6萕-έR-iiAcPvp`-L _$[Z <4|@Z![ þF;t%ɴ8d756h#`n"'Бɕ+ KoX?x%9邬&SkG#ϟ_mցV$:9]`NSެmQ_ӔZ)jH9LyVSwpRa7xo,`xDv;EIQQ>ȷ˲Iqk%\g+x##^-滷m|i'cd‚!-¼N[z,FeRAj~hl;Tk޷ܢg ?{nmHڎʭʵk:M2AV@%XK{E7獧Ehl6ޠPNi̿jgQnTor닍V3~d4&vw;uP?` Quɩ Ԭ9'z}9f9}2a)aʾ:D,Nx`h>n*ۈ-u @t0!tU)23+W7o ]99ڱ=3[ݵ<Pl|w;w\xZJEH:igwy~dHGţRXx!(*zsç3YoMF6tr'A:!D5z՗Ojꄓ[ꈬ%rNTn4NN߂" K!̓$)GI "Ļ{Lܛl7 v4xjs 0@iǽl^PNK(Va`^m$]:^ "="AQz9lq{ YRMUr{Նd9 i 0"sH<hIǭ] Q_aqq1seյO;on̮C-++6-=M p d72x*a6a\߽?mڅ-L2.+a*Ѕ2N;~%yb@Pe&ENhtA; n:ԊdS,0)]]et]w7ם[7kosnڒǾ"Zop$}|9Nrq4̀R!QA\p)eIsYQzr<1O^&P:JiUť_:*Awhitk>lE;ELYt!*t- =SQm4ߵܵYssWcΊr%6FClTMNcQ&8#@_tE_9yK +'y. % :tg *9pyAC&#z<^oW* JTqvSx}nMrMI\IU֦ M?ߜC0}}m1 ~mRt27ۛs 8r.J~ PJ qB`Oq|[2;fv["tw]9a]Mvs2EY>y"2 /#{MxG~t'GY);hQ)$zDux"mvF12h^$CrRA b4#;tJD"0c١ݸ}ÍtÁW$M%00<|@#AO]ºC LX.wy5|hFռbmlJE'jKb;_BѰoOCJ;XHTq8(/E/6~OA2Ru8 .ff0YT4&qS4o 6<{ƿ^& ;4PK$zfxZm*6rsGҧTM7Ȼ2n"Ǿ'^f1m]/azA3V.g<>O(0V0TDAb%pP%e0DK߉z#~B~ayyb=XE2$tCNhH QFmGM\`2NAV;^o ,ԩfBdl%A<{β~JDFyG69*FQ!`E:.P!9BPV ?%[|8pd!5yOe6~])5C-T'TF+ QIJOrex $iRUtF|K)ʷe:H>r)ԡއ!zƃeǞ|,S6FE4Ce~zŊ량JqљE{j^fbfIEݼefA0-%&_(,S79`QIF '$C@6} PN#$Ff>Diz蘸6]UZ| v_zTv i~&{fAS˄זJvQ펃_ezDWjl5θ xxQeGF1#{,trmѷ"-364S&Pkعq+;~93-i+[9Α'j_ [(u$:!cN_cƘ}qG> ٸXcqx]qx.[(Sicp& YȦYLYwM] RM{[(?mlhkv5{}dtLTLgUvnDp8hƫ5vvY_{;VC ]}2̏ :.qQ=[@4E Uf.25Z$e Ge2h4\JTBUdDvk[[OY/XBoaDFPz҆=:ϒfKg%tUW Tծ4klB~c ]^7JnϜS&XV<]Q\Gۯܽ[;n>}Ǝ71CbBRdō$mC6MS?*J14UiFQՖ) 'PQu:oJj͛xڙ7͸WŐZ!+57^=[/KFI~Z֗NgWYMz$V?~ٟ ;ߨ[[.GJnr$6ݪy'WK"dLIIՎpT5j~Xi?4O;)YxvO4V2&S[Y_i%k^jCᣅM kM\͐$I|̲̜a.|5U ͎0 .)n^! i%ٕ~xZ,IDtChWFH5 Wab8Xϑ)Kg47sSUe=n{[:8]θsSjծ4fZۉrbJV6zSc}ٟ@t }? ތDMP c&D]\:l⢖oYnv5u8[]䯀 vV.l>eb糱𲵔{< O`V]zוpg oomֆsYm#c"5Q#bawA`'!`ŀ`n;/j1mş}k>A㇛iƄiz7> 7n֘_}'0Jp/ ?FV[ ؼ*uv0 M&0g@%Ebb]&,~UfNHcpӯrHH# !Jn&Ƨi7^7aY{C FHM5TD+È(]0w+BGp1Π1_B*a bNKKC|s&=sU;6U~9izʊ[ͻ? {'3 |Bk =:';P/+'y_QbH&azuRJN})|n$_Q!=3Xyf)OU;C'/.csylbSvXo@;5S$A Qn dk|VLm|w(oؚSJ@eUZiT0bjZdhV(z*lVn-mQz\G9MDŽieLIn rCCya^k=$,KK=eI[[i`{&4qLSED (\eɇ!V1k Rߔ(ቖxp@5^PTI>9ٲѲϻe贰%<ׯ͂]&F;޷bVVJlǖ~\ZՖ !o$!/o$KLކf.Omh2j _ML{3N1MB2a'$yz .fWiza׿nq `lh% cl0~Gqin iA|McbFl%|0'!+@=Ҹ,.Kr MKJ+7Է]C2 '9-WtJDi+ʹS颲IJC9\W%v*љ҇SXQF8U$v>yͺl9>ɂT`Sj!(X dY% whRlQN>:ns*^@waՕ M5ıd1`aɛr0&fGc'΀(aC9PIċ #fخjp}S3ŋR_ EyOxe]@n: Li/rD6QDZs(R]ADD(F a,Vfu7F$&sL0=6OtÕkr& mX\'7XqȝteKh|cw'MJ¥Yx!c/ t^Mg;ǎC $1MfqА-j M *%)[7HVMW]L%1,ҡ:MtTKtQ1M@ehyݽw׶|XW-koN5ꩮfn:ݾ}N6QڐWMGbqhG'd́mw!ۚx%\k1\ӕ73IǽFIh 4 mՊ 1p,*r|Oþe)"냼~7sz=NowwE}TG:ߨZQпߦ?\%~Zңeoo,BŕjWթe x,5_\brڕS5gm# rӡSucֱ˔k|Nnw9- \FD#HmQ.ģ؍xfC='۹}{vobU:1Cۨlz^M#(z'2D&D.t >~ JC,~"4drQ$|Y7>XfTOnY=X"ʛfn"?Y1 `M#.N@cƄ&c(q~z8~{n e ٟ[fuO+GCtʣ}(Ǡ m秄nv) @J~MH]+qIJuE!F C'$Dj p ":1aLdCQjڂd0 Ŋ;$-(VG^ZI? _^ wOrzdu Rm^F^A*_e#le+ vLZܓ/F(*ESWugb04 BOlAOBO>:I D D DL1111E$zAѫ^ zA*BηD" *" " " a)a@X@X ,EAAAVDDDX& T a0a0AA t"t:]O?$444" ҊHHHxʾ$$$BR@R@R[SplC $$$$ؤbxCMHHH(""""" ⊈+"n?$/(ְ||ײANT~+.(&#RT o AcyTtʰ LyCq;3fz%7"!FEB|gsRH/yW/[W嬜R2\P)qER Z$8q1OJ8JQ&QE"w s%jQz@ ]BX,ʧ]Zr Kg>hUHɪ>2|6NP֎ty;6Ӗ>;oݪ|'/w MJ} M4鬠>i{-`#WQL0=wp9K UTU`tBX'g01yT!z*p@ L@(d| 'yaR׆5-Sלԡ׏ U -4XȥۙqB/hBPA|4Ɂ)^e^SSE%rs{ 7GY0Ȇ7,4Fj8!.e8,UAw}ń.8w h!hpfP"h&꒥XGTh.g>C:Nzҝ-*IK7;I(WQv/怡W(HS껅RG:1ᣴ;#M1 L>|?v N 7Tà1 5lƖ9V'i? "Z endstream endobj 175 0 obj <>stream Hj0 endstream endobj 176 0 obj <>stream HmPT{,B%o}X$aԺ TF5`8ӌ43Ѥb #VL!:̤L1vDfc'3@{ov&?:w={M# Q4wmRzN:VX3a#>h[.ls}J3M۴%wdo68@~m[:4)"/ Cp{Gg$O5`rBhx Z6PBC'#0:My l xޔ,&7yek&>5񳰇|9vԖj6(ކ8L6~ҝK[NmEЃbՒZx eY`XբdsŀDZ7`'@>Gg3AL2r;yA`t)CVn'ZdX ؊/a?p_37+s qL~&o$ Ô֨[` l3Tax bo W*ܦyDžH$sWpߣ> ڂvފr7;N56ʾ`_qI|%oQ~_J_8,|"|"ʐ2RA$/ʯ&B6墼Jl#8 FL X^2 .Íe2#i# _pIl+̯-el-{^aDcvre( )'9~i2ar 7h'Y-6ZXz>>%&yZm ?懴 mUůDIU:|;) M `+RQԊeAb<規j(dP=i(|S8?q(9%6O_X<[,,xME':hd=Sߎ]_vNLLFP0x,6+'2m-[^=~gbb\<^Kmm/k .D?IcOm&ӊ`L;ZHn +6 8X+#%*Q - -n@cAc-46#7;ڹ'O\mVSez!Lm}lﱃOHy*!ȩʹvOX踅޲Ѐ޴:lCPXh<*F{= aplc;qc*>H-TfєpDPk+]ɦ\t Ju4MŅPp=g8p;NV;bdX_"X` |#`0ɥ7X_YkU kbuXU2X"/8'_`wfA}-QzY9WңJSz@~]jzzLuTK&(J5j0Q =,q 'cKΛz*X^i-G85yƧ`|3? )']WĚ/IgD\(˧y?T~4ڏ jhq?=(|w|1淛"ay"~k"As 3gR+0*q#~9՜S8TY*\GڕTx7 m endstream endobj 177 0 obj <>stream H\j0 ~ CqsA[K>c+Uҧ!@_8fTQ6mSv4QieJ86UU"N}^3;dOnvc|u {y3"'OAwe068ȆTQKVHQ]o"+%OAF5Ao endstream endobj 178 0 obj <>stream h޴Vmo8 +X/eCYn֮hˀ DK 8v`˿?R;q6`ȒED>"P¢ R@/I$|#0P'LV0`0`6b! pa+O8c.|XB£(I¥*"R0,Ç4 ?z7qyVy/%[]m=L*Numy]ge|nlzhjU쪼0*soTwڛ/zf2N̓u\.x@T7|a16Ү5(F5\F<hIm1֠&Wr8\+UQ.xY' 0JoƛMbCQ FK#$0!&cbLWV2)T&d8soӪٻϋmקԳ&dyJo!5$ď<]jn7"}з8c Vz d laSу9 !U'w >ҾMj`j wlއ״`O,A-(JȃuP-QKMYRtxW}#܂3pOyZs ,MqB'j?|HWxOoYJ6f4n m0>stream 2012-08-21T16:04:19Z Microsoft Word 2012-08-21T12:04:54-04:00 2012-08-21T12:04:54-04:00 Adobe Mac PDF Plug-in application/pdf Valda G Lewis Microsoft Word - resourcequity.doc uuid:b2228c56-d3a6-214d-a518-d2d3ea71a21d uuid:30aebf7e-e31f-7b4b-a90d-a070307749b8 endstream endobj 180 0 obj <>stream hޜԽj\1W9o i.0d nlc;E>;-j1dӟQ<7gԢg\٭9mX9֚G^|< MsDbcLl\E =[χ/?޾?{~?|r:~noΊeJEY4?2#HOҊZ)1k4 m];"K>er\&7g7O:LP*:\\r\%W}kct:eur}An\ZWluc>gUNt/ły\5^=^Eֺ+Lu*3fD 3F*$3]aP^#搩{QfvA [c endstream endobj 181 0 obj <>stream h\= 0 5TQ)bA D-&O >)%*;޴鉭r#5xN2ia.%u<"adAV6Gh\Յ@F%'4@T endstream endobj 182 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8C5A59C5ABC94609BF51B0FDC501451B>]/Info 221 0 R/Length 429/Root 223 0 R/Size 222/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream h޼=,CQϹUu{U-P&M* ? Db0J"Q v0AD!K˓7ywgi0,MScug~3_΁_>\x.V?s΍JSd;g\""83+x\rH\9O~uS%v'žFל4@I};qW=)gX=l3.? ~#2wX{O"{>1KudT׶jYfObLdff{u%IC)^o}>G=`Lf+8jj0QDF/؛o^Ҍ{Cbbq)L6ϻ0/)ZOs_ 2ut endstream endobj startxref 116 %%EOF